路由上机实训步骤.doc

实训二：路由器(Router)常用命令使用姓名： 学号：02指导老师：董会国时间：2010.3.121.实验目的通过本实验可以掌握：（1）Packtracer 模拟器的使用。（2）熟悉Cicso命令使用,路由器重命名、端口ip 地址设置。（3）掌握Cisco路由器的用户模式、特权模式、用户特权模式明文和密文密码设置（enable password和enable secret）、show ip interface b(brief)命令使用。（4）路由器的保存命令使用（copy running-config start-up config或者Write）2实验拓扑：路由器一、Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: nPress RETURN to get started!Routeren 用户模式 进入特权模式Router#conf t 特权模式进入全局配置模式Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host CYJ1 给路由器一的主机名改名为CYJ1CYJ1(config)#int fa0/0 进入端口模式给fa0/0设置CYJ1(config-if)#ip add 设置它的IP地址CYJ1(config-if)#no sh 激活端口%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upCYJ1(config-if)#exit 退出一步回到全局配置模式CYJ1(config)#int fa0/1 进入端口模式给fa0/1设置CYJ1(config-if)#ip add 设置它的IP地址CYJ1(config-if)#no sh 激活端口 %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to upCYJ1(config-if)#exit 退出一步回到全局配置模式CYJ1(config)#exit 退出一步回到特权模式CYJ1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console show ip interface b 查看刚才设置的两个端口的IP地址Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 YES manual up down FastEthernet0/1 YES manual up up Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downCYJ1#路由器二：Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: nPress RETURN to get started!RouterenRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host CYJ2CYJ2(config)#int fa0/0CYJ2(config-if)#ip add CYJ2(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upCYJ2(config-if)#exitCYJ2(config)#int fa0/1CYJ2(config-if)#ip add CYJ2(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to upCYJ2(config-if)#exitCYJ2(config)#exitCYJ2#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 YES manual up up Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downCYJ2#给路由器一设置密码：CYJ1#conf t 进入全局配置模式Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.CYJ1(config)#enable password cisco 设置密码为ciscoCYJ1(config)#exit 退出一步回到特权模式CYJ1# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleexitCYJ1 con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.CYJ1en 用户模式Password: 在此处输入刚设置的密码（可以从用户模式进入到特权模式）CYJ1#给路由器一设置加密密码：CYJ1en 用户模式Password: 在此处输入刚设置的密码（可以从用户模式进入到特权模式）CYJ1#en 进入特权模式CYJ1#conf t 进入全局配置模式Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.CYJ1(config)#enable secret 123 设置加密密码为123CYJ1(config)#exit 退出一步回到特权模式CYJ1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleexitCYJ1 con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.CYJ1en 用户模式Password: 在此处输入刚设置的加密密码（可以从用户模式进入到特权模式）CYJ1# 实训三：使用Telnet 远程登陆路由器Router姓名： 学号：02指导老师：董会国时间：2010.3.161.实验目的通过本实验可以掌握：（1）Packtracer 模拟器的使用（2）熟悉Cicso命令使用（show running-config,show startup-config,）telnet （3）为路由器开设telnet端口，PC机可以远程登陆到R1(Router 1)2实验拓扑3，实验步骤：Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: nPress RETURN to get started!RouterenRouter#Router#config tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#no ip domain lookup 取消域名查找转换Router(config)#line console 0 开启本地一个console端口Router(config-line)#no exec-t 设置永不超时Router(config-line)#logg sync 设置日志Router(config-line)#exitRouter(config)#host R1R1(config)#int fa0/0R1(config-if)#ip add R1(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR1(config-if)#R1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#exitR1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR1# show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR1#R1#设置PC机的IP地址：在路由器上开设5个telnet端口:R1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R1(config)#line vty 0 4 设置5个远程端口R1(config-line)#password cisco R1(config-line)#login在PC机中测试是否能连接上:PCtelnet Trying .OpenUser Access VerificationPassword: R1测试成功命令：1.查看路由器IOS的版本信息：show versionCisco IOS Software, 2800 Software (C2800NM-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(15)T1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)Technical Support: /techsupportCopyright (c) 1986-2007 by Cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Wed 18-Jul-07 06:21 by pt_rel_teamROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.1(3r)T2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)Copyright (c) 2000 by cisco Systems, Inc.2.查看路由器相连设备的相关信息：show cdp neighborsR1#show cdp neighbors Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDR1#3.重新启动路由器：R1# reloadR1#reloadProceed with reload? confirm实训四：CDP协议学号：02姓名： 指导老师：董会国时间：2010.3.19拓扑结构图：给路由器一改名并设置它的IP地址：Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: nPress RETURN to get started!RouterRouterenRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#no ip domain lookup 取消域名查找转换Router(config)#line console 0 开启本地一个console 端口Router(config-line)#no exec-t 设置永不超时Router(config-line)#logg sync 设置日志Router(config-line)#exitRouter(config)#host R1 给路由器改名为R1R1(config)#int fa0/0 进入端口模式给fa0/0设置R1(config-if)#ip add 设置IP地址R1(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR1(config-if)#R1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#exitR1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR1#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 YES manual up down FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR1#给路由器二改名并设置它的IP地址：Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: nPress RETURN to get started!RouterRouterRouterenRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#no ip domain lookupRouter(config)#line console 0Router(config-line)#no exec-tRouter(config-line)#logg syncRouter(config-line)#exitRouter(config)#host Router(config)#host R2R2(config)#int fa0/0R2(config-if)#ip add R2(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR2(config-if)#R2(config-if)#int fa0/1 R2(config-if)#ip ad R2(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to upR2(config-if)#R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#exitR2#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR2#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 YES manual up down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR2#给路由器三改名并设置它的IP地址：Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: nPress RETURN to get started!RouterenRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#no ip domain lookupRouter(config)#line console 0Router(config-line)#no exec-tRouter(config-line)#logg syncRouter(config-line)#exitRouter(config)#host R3R3(config)#int fa0/0R3(config-if)#ip add R3(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR3(config-if)#R3(config-if)#exit R3(config)#exitR3#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR3#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR3#查看与路由器一相连设备的相关信息：R1#show cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDR2 Fas 0/0 178 R C2800 Fas 0/0R1#查看与路由器二相连设备的相关信息：R2#show cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDR1 Fas 0/0 154 R C1841 Fas 0/0R3 Fas 0/1 147 R C1841 Fas 0/0R2#查看与路由器三相连设备的相关信息：R3#show cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDR2 Fas 0/0 175 R C2800 Fas 0/1R3#Show命令汇总：1. shop ip interface brief 显示端口的IPR1# show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR1#2. show version 显示IOS版本信息R1#show versionCisco IOS Software, 1841 Software (C1841-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(15)T1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)Technical Support: /techsupportCopyright (c) 1986-2007 by Cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Wed 18-Jul-07 04:52 by pt_teamROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.3(8r)T8, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)System returned to ROM by power-onSystem image file is flash:c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-15.T1.binThis product contains cryptographic features and is subject to UnitedStates and local country laws governing import, export, transfer anduse. Delivery of Cisco cryptographic products does not implythird-party authority to import, export, distribute or use encryption.Importers, exporters, distributors and users are responsible forcompliance with U.S. and local country laws. By using this product youagree to comply with applicable laws and regulations. If you are unableto comply with U.S. and local laws, return this product immediately.A summary of U.S. laws governing Cisco cryptographic products may be found at:/wwl/export/crypto/tool/stqrg.html -More3. show running-config 显示在路由器上的配置信息R1#show running-configBuilding configuration.Current configuration : 519 bytes!version 12.4no service timestamps log datetime msecno service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname R1!no ip domain-lookup! -More4.show cdp neighbors 显示与设备直连设备的信息R1#show cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDR2 Fas 0/0 163 R C2800 Fas 0/0R1#R1#5.show interface 显示端口详细信息R1#show interfaceFastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up (connected) Hardware is Lance, address is 0001.428b.0e01 (bia 0001.428b.0e01) Internet address is /24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00, Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output hang never Last clearing of show interface counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue :0/40 (size/max) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 input packets with dribble condition detected 0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets 0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred 0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier -More6.show flash 查看路由器的FlashR1#show flashSystem flash directory:File Length Name/status 3 33591768 c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-15.T1.bin 2 28282 sigdef-category.xml 1 227537 sigdef-default.xml33847587 bytes used, 30168797 available, 64016384 total63488K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)R1#备份命令：Copy running-config startup-config 把刚才的配置保存到路由器中R1#copy running-config startup-configDestination filename startup-config? startup-configBuilding configuration.OKR1#copy running-config tftp把闪存中的配置文件备份到TFTP服务器上R1#copy running-config tftpAddress or name of remote host ? 50Destination filename R1-confg? E.%Error opening t50/E (Timed out)实训五 配置静态路由协议姓名： 学号：02指导老师：董会国时间：2010.3.23结构拓扑：R1：fa0/0 /24R2：fa0/0 /24 fa0/1 /24R3：fa0/0 /24 具体步骤：R1:Routeren Router#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#no ip domain lookup 取消域名查找转换Router(config)#line cons 0 开启本地一个console 端口Router(config-line)#no exec-t 设置永不超时Router(config-line)#logg sync 设置日志Router(config-line)#exitRouter(config)#host R1R1(config)#int fa0/0R1(config-if)#ip add R1(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR1(config-if)#R1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#exitR1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR1#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 YES manual up down FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR1#R2:Routeren Router#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host R2R2(config)#int fa0/0R2(config-if)#ip add R2(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR2(config)#int fa0/1R2(config-if)#ip add R2(config-if)#no shR2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#exitR2#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleshow ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 YES manual up down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR2#R3:Routeren Router#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host R3R3(config)#int fa0/0R3(config-if)#ip add R3(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR3(config-if)#exitR3(config)#exitR3#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleshow ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR3#设置IP后路由器相通，结构图如下：配置路由使R1能ping通R2的fa0/1端口：R1:R1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type