虚拟条件句的常见类型.doc

虚拟条件句的常见类型 窗体底端虚拟条件句的常见类型有三种，条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生：If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间，我就同他们去。(陈述语气)If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你，我就同他们去。(虚拟语气)虚拟条件句的三种基本类型一、与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：If you took a taxi，youd get there quicker. 如果你坐出租车去，你可以快一点到那里。(但你不坐)If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道)二、与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”：If Id left sooner，Id have been on time. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了)If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。(可惜我们找到他太晚了)三、与将来事实相反若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：If he went，would you go too? 如果他去，你也去吗?(大概他不会去)If I asked him，Im sure hed help us. 如果我向他提出要求，肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做)注：几点特别说明 主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。would, might, could的大致区别是：would表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较：If you tried again you would succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。(would表结果)If you tried again you might succeed. 要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。(might表可能)If you tried again you could succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。(could表能力) 条件从句的谓语动词为be时，不管其主语为单数还是复数通常都用were，但在口语或非正式文体中的单数第一人称和第三人称后，也可用was，不过在 If I were you这样的表达中，通常还是以用were为宜。 有时条件从句用would表示愿意：（一般过去时）If he would live on with me, I would be his better half. 要是他还愿意跟我过，我仍会做他的妻子。 对于与将来事实相反的情形，请注意以下几点：一是这里说的与将来事实相反，实为对将来情况的推测;二是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外，有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小，常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示与将来事实相反的假设);三是当条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语时，主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气或祈使语气：If it should rain tomorrow, dont expect me. 万一明天下雨，就不要等我了。I should see him, Ill tell him. 万一我见到他，我就告诉他。从句中有were，should，were to 时，句子可以倒装。Should it rain tomorrow，dont expect me.与未来事实相反的虚拟语气怎么用 窗体底端与未来事实相反的虚拟语气怎么用?请看下面的题目：If we _ 200 years old，we _ everything.A. were to be，could change B. had been，changedC. were，would have changed D. should be，changed此题应选A。该题考查与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，此时的主句谓语通常用would(should，could，might)+动词原形，而从句谓语可能有以下几种情况：1. 从句谓语用过去式：If your father knew this，he would be angry. 要是你父亲知道了，他会生气的。If it rained tomorrow，the sports meet would be put off. 要是明天下雨，运动会就推迟。2. 从句谓语用should+动词原形(通常指可能性极小的事情，一般译为“万一”)：If it should rain，the crops would be saved. 要是有雨，这庄稼还有救。此类句型的主句谓语有时可以用祈使句甚至将来时态：If it should rain tomorrow，dont expect me. 万一明天下雨，就不要等我了。If I should be free tomorrow，I will come. 万一我明天有空，我就来。3. 从句谓语用were to+动词原形 (通常指可能性极小可或近乎不可能，有时指出乎意料)：If the sun were to rise in the west，my love for you would not change. 即使太阳从西边出，我对你的爱也不会变。if only开头的虚拟语气怎么用? 窗体底端if only开头的虚拟语气怎么用?if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish 后所接时态的情况相同：If only she had had more courage! 她再勇敢一些就好了。If only it would stop raining! 雨要是停了就好了。If only he didnt drive so fast. 但愿他车没开得那么快。If only I were was better looking. 要是我长得漂亮些就好了。If only I had listened to my parents! 我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。If only she would go with me! 她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!【友情提示】if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。窗体底端Its time引导的从句用虚拟语气具体怎么用?一、基本用法从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且should不能省略)，其意为“(早)该干某事了”：Its time we ordered dinner. 现在该叫菜了。I think Its time you went to bed. 我想你该睡觉了。Its time we went were going, should go. 我们该走了。Its time you washed those trousers. 你该洗洗那条裤子了。Im getting tired. Its time we went home. 我累了，我们该回家了。I think its time they were taught a lesson. 我想现在该给他们一点教训了。Its time someone spoke up for the less privileged in our society. 应该有人为我们社会中较不幸的人说说话了。Its time you looked ahead and made plans for your retirement. 是你为以后想一想并对退休后的生活做出安排的时候了。二、同义表达该是孩子们上床的时间了。Its time the kids were in bed.=Its time for the kids to be in bed.三、两点说明(1) time前有时有about和high修饰：Its high time we left. 我们早该动身了。Its high time you bought a new car. 你该买辆新车了。I th