北京成人专升本英语三级真题100句精讲电子版.doc

第一组1. After spending a few minutes a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control.(2011/11-78 翻译）在一条拥挤的城市街道上待几分钟，大脑的记忆力就会下降，而且自制力也会减弱。分词的独立主格形式，主动关系用现在分词，所以是spending；并非特指某条街道，所以用不定冠词a；与suffer搭配的介词from。2. I dont think a warm winter always has a negative influence on our life, dose it?(2010/11-46挑错）我认为暖冬并不对我们的生活总是负面影响，不是吗？think，believe和purpose等词的宾语从句，其反义疑问句与从句的主谓一致；对有影响，have influence on sth；主句否定意义要转移到从句中。3. Waiting in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized that he had left the wallet in the car. （2010/11-49 挑错）排了半小时的队，这位老人忽然意识到他的钱包落在车上了。分词的独立主格形式，主动关系用现在分词Waiting；动词过去式realized之前的动作，用过去完成时had left。4. Equipped with modem facilities, todays hospitals are quite different from what of the past.(2010/11-51挑错)现在的医院装备有现代化设备,和从前的大不相同.非谓语动词的独立主格形式,被动关系用过去分词equipped;what引导的名词性从句.5. What is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will be held in London.(2010/5-21词汇语法)众所周知的是，2012年奥运会将在伦敦举办。主语从句What is known to us all ,注意和as is known to us all的区别；that 引导的表语从句；将来时的被动语态 will be done。6. How and why this language has survived for more than a thousand years ,while being spoken by very few ,is hard to explain .(2010/5-51挑错）这种被少数人使用的语言是如何和为何延续了一千多年是难以解释的。主谓一致，从句作主语用第三人称单数，所以用is；被说的语言，要用被动形式，做插入成分，所以用being spoken。7. It is reported that the police will soon look into the case of the two missing children .(2009/11-24)据报道警察将很快调查那起两个失踪孩子的案件。It is reported that 句型；短语 look into“调查”；现在分词missing作形容词。8. One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to develop healthy eating habits .(2009/11-25词汇语法）对人们来说保持健康的最好的办法之一就是养成健康的饮食习惯。主谓一致one of后谓语动词用第三人称单数；短语keep fit 保持健康、保持体形；养成习惯develop a habit，另外注意形容词的辨析：healthy是“健康的”，而healthful是“有益健康的”。9. Over the past decades ,sea ice has been decreasing in the Arctic as a result of global warming .(2009/11-27词汇语法)在过去的数十年间，北极的冰川由于全球变暖而逐渐减少。现在完成进行时态的应用；短语as a result of 由于，强调直接导致的结果。10. Most important ,never ,under any circumstances ,agree to a real-life meeting with anyone you meet online,no matter how well you think you know this person .(2010/5-74/75 完形填空）最重要的，永远不要和网上遇到的人真正见面，无论你认为对这个人多么了解。under any circumstances 在任何情况下，under no circumstances 决不；省略连接词的定语从句 you meet online ;no matter how 无论多么第二组1. Lewis had to travel by bus as his car had been damaged in an accident some days before and he failed to get it repaired.(2005/4-49挑错）Lewis必须坐公交车旅行，因为他的车在几天前的事故中受到损坏还没有修好。had been damaged过去完成时的被动形式；get it repaired 过去分词做宾语补语，即get sth.done 格式；进一步熟悉have to和fail to的形式。2. Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard.(2007/11-76翻译)许多热爱他们的事业并很有成就的人觉得他们努力工作时是最幸福的。who引导的定语从句；that 引导的宾语从句；when引导的状语从句。3. His few personal belongings made it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.(2002/6-41词汇语法）他极少量的个人财物使他有可能容易地到处迁移。few表示很少的、几乎没有，a few 是表示少量；形式宾语it 指代to move from place with ease;短语with ease“容易”，注意与at ease “自在”的区别。4. The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking about.(2006/4-79翻译）你正在谈话的人看你的眼睛的时间长度意味着他对你正在谈论的事情的兴趣程度。这是考生掌握从句结构、提高快速破译长难句能力的一个超级句子：whom you are speaking to 是the person 的定语从句，有代词who 宾语形式whom 引导，因为它指的是你正在谈话的人；that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes 是time 的定语从句；you are talking about 是things的定语从句；所以这个句子的主干是The length of time indicates the amount of interest.5. We consider it necessary that the instrument be adjusted each time it is used.(2004/11-25词汇语法）我们认为每次使用仪器时进行调试是必要的。掌握it 作形式宾语的宾语从句结构；虚拟语气的被动形式（should）be adjusted.6. It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way.(2009/4-76翻译）对青少年来说，要抵制潮流走自己的路变得越来越难了。典型的it句式：It be for sb to do sth;短语stand up against 同stand up to “反对、抵制、勇敢地面对”，反义短语stand up for “支持”。7. By the 2050,experts believe that the problems to explore the food,minerals and energy resources of the sea will have been largely solved.(2007/4-79翻译）专家们认为开放海洋食品、矿物和能源问题到2050年将基本解决。时间状语在汉语中的位置，如果译成“到2050年专家们认为”，显然语义就发生变化；将来完成时的被动形式will have been done.8. How many more decades will have pass before scientists in providing a cure for cancer ?(2009/4-40词汇语法）还要多少年科学家们才能成功发明治疗癌症的办法？体会时间状语从句的引导词before的用法；固定搭配succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”。9. Did anyone inform you of the change of the schedule that had been made yesterday?(2007/4-50挑错）有人通知你昨天的日程表的变化吗？动词inform与介词of的搭配：inform sb of sth.通知某人某事；过去完成时的被动形式had been done.10. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.(2009/4-79翻译）只有在以严格的饮食为生的时候补充流失的维生素才是必要的。熟悉强调句It is that格式；掌握try to do sth“试着做某事”和live on “以为主食、以为生这两个短语；体会it作形式主语的句子格式。第三组1. If people praise them or thank them in an especially polite way ,they may become uncomfortable and not know what to say in reply.(2006/11-77翻译）如果人们用特别礼貌的方式表扬或感谢他们，他们会变得不自在而且不知道如何回答。以某种方式介词用in；and前后格式一致，become和know都是跟may搭配，所以后者否定形式直接用not know；what引导的名词性从句作宾语。2. It wasnt until the twentieth century that womens umbrellas began to be made in a variety of colors .(2006/11-80翻译)直到二十世纪女性用伞才开始被制造成五颜六色。强调句式It be that；注意begin to be done 的被动形式；掌握variety“多种多样”这个在英语中非常重要也是在三级考试中经常出现的词汇，动词vary，形容词various，都是高频词汇。3. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.(2009/4-79翻译）只是当人们尝试以严格限制的饮食为生时，才有必要补充流失的维生素。强调句，被强调部分when people try to live on a very restricted diet;it作形式主语句型it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.4. I dont think it advisable that Tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.既然Tom没有任何经验，我认为任命他做这项工作是不明智的。advise后接虚拟语气，用原形，被动形式（should）be done；it作形式宾语的格式。5. He is a true friend of mine,whom I can always depend on whenever I get into trouble.他是我的一个真正的朋友，无论什么时候我遇到麻烦都可以依赖他。了解非限定性定语从句引导词whom的用法；depend on 固定搭配。6. Suddenly,a tall man driving a golden carriage seized the girl and took her away,disappearing in to the woods.突然，一个驾着一辆金色马车的高个男人抓住了那个女孩并把她带走了，消失在森林中。现在分词driving引导的分词定语；现在分词disappearing表示伴随动作；and 前后一致，一般过去式都使用的动词过去式。7. Much unfriendly feeling towards computers has been based on the fear of widespread unemployment resulting from their introduction.许多对计算机不友好的感觉源于对引进计算机而导致的失业率蔓延的恐惧。不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数；resulting分词作原因状语。8. Many young people find it harder to appreciate classical music than pop music.许多年轻人发现欣赏古典音乐比流行音乐更困难。形式宾语it句式；单词classical古典的。9. Once given a set of instructions,a computer can gather a wide range of information for different purposes.一旦给出一系列指令，一台计算机就能为不同的目的收集广泛的信息。非谓语动词的独立主格形式，计算机是得到指令，被动关系用过去分词given；短语a set of 一系列，单词range范围，排列。10.No matter how busy you are,you should spend some time visiting your parents .无论多忙，你都应该抽时间看看父母。掌握No matter how busy you are 形式；花时间做某事spend time (in) doing sth.第四组1. Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees,it is difficult for it to persuade villagers to see this.即使一个政府认识到大量种树的重要性，它也很难劝说村民们认识到这一点。Even though 引导让步状语从句；it 作形式主语的句式it is a. for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事怎么样；see在这里是理解、明白。2. Only by practice will you be able to improve your spoken English and gradually speak fluently.只有通过练习你才能提高你的英语口语水平并逐步说得流利。only 位于句首要倒装；spoken English 英语口语，固定搭配。3. We are full of deep thoughts and strong emotions,yet our vocabularies are not enough for this expression,and many make little effort to expand that.我们充满了深刻的思想和强烈的情感，但我们的词汇量不足以表达，而且许多人几乎没有努力来扩展它。makeeffort作出什么样的努力，make an effort作出努力；little 单独使用表示几乎没有。4. In no case should we prevent the students from exploring new ideas.在任何情况下我们都不应该阻止学生们探索新思想。in no case 决不，位于句首时句子倒装；prevent（stop) sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事。5. Even though Westerners do not usually ask people directly how old they are,this does not mean that they are not interested to know how old other people are.尽管西方人通常不会直接问人们的年龄，但这并不意味着他们对此不感兴趣。Even though 引导的让步状语从句；that引导的宾语从句，两个how引导的宾语从句。6. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others,which,of course,made the others jealous.Helen对她最小的孩子比她对其他孩子更好，这自然使其他孩子妒忌。指代前面整个一句话，用which，引导非限定性定语从句；比较前后的比较物要一致，所以than后用了she was to the others而不是按照汉语习惯用the others。7.Having no money but not wanting anyone to know,he simply said he would go without dinner.没有钱但不想让人知道，他就只是说他不吃晚饭要出去了。分词独立主格形式，表原因，否定形式是分词前加not。8. How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the childrens language development.父母如何和孩子谈话对孩子语言的发展有很大的差异。How parents talk to their children 名词性从句做主语；从句或短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。9. Its vital that enough money be collected to get the project started.筹集足够的钱对启动这个项目至关重要。vital至关重要的，后接从句虚拟语气；get the project started过去分词做宾语补语get sth. done.10. It being pretty late,we decided to leave at once,as we didnt want to risk missing the bus.已经很晚了，我们决定立即出发，因为我们不想错过公交车。非谓语动词作原因状语；risk冒的风险，后接动名词。第五组1. Thinking that you know what in fact you dont is not a good idea.认为你懂得了实际你不懂的事情不是好想法。what in fact you dont 中的in fact 是插入语，what you dont 实际上省略了一个know，“实际上你不知道的东西”，这个名词性从句作它前面的know的宾语；you know what in fact you dont 又是Thinking的宾语从句；Thinking that you know what in fact you dont作句子的主语。2. The main purpose of this greeting is to build up a good relationship between the people concerned,and each language usually has a number of set phrases which can be used for this purpose.打招呼的主要目的是增进相关人们之间的友好关系，而每一种语言通常都有用于这种目的的一系列短语。which引导的定语从句；concerned，形容词，有关的，concerning，连词，关于。3. Was it in 1969 that the American astronaut succeed in landing on the moon?就是在1969年美国宇航员成功登上了月球吗？强调句型的疑问句式；succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。4. We get so used to looking at the movements on it,so dependent on its pictures,that it begins to control our lives.我们如此习惯于观看它（电视）其中的活动，如此依赖于它的画面，以至于它开始控制我们的生活。be/get/become used to doing sth.现在习惯做某事；so that 格式的结果状语从句。5. Our school levers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living.我们这些离校生面对如此激烈的竞争以至于他们只要能够谋生就几乎不考虑做什么。what引导的宾语从句；as long as 引导的条件状语从句；so that 格式的结果状语从句。6. However,those who are accustomed to longer greetings may require a little more time before they feel comfortable with American simple talk.然而，那些习惯较长的问候的人可能需要一点时间来适应美国人的简洁交谈。who引导的定语从句，those who是非常常见的形式；before引导的时间状语从句；be accustomed to 习惯于、适应于。7. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to leed a healthy life.在被动吸烟不能避免的环境中，过上健康生活很困难。关系副词where引导的定语从句where passive smoking is unavoidable ;it作形式宾语的句型。8. Only much later did she discover that the question had no real meaning at all-it was merely a greeting.直到很久以后她才明白这种问题没有任何真正含义-它只是一种问候。only位于句首句子要倒装；that引导的宾语从句；no/not at all一点也不。9. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal.有时候买份快餐比做一顿饭更方便。it作形式主语的句型，真正主语是to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal;rather than胜于，前后所比较的事物形式一致；短语at times 有时。10. Suddenly she saw an old woman by the side of the road,holding her hand out as if she wanted a lift.突然她看到一个老年妇女站在路边，举着手似乎要搭便车。Holding现在分词表伴随；在路边用介词by。第六组1. There are moments in life when you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them up from dreams and hug them for real.生活中有些时候你非常想念某人以至于就想在梦中接上并实实在在地拥抱他们。when引导的定语从句；sothat格式的目的状语从句；短语pick up 捡起、接（人）。2. While shopping,people sometimes cant help being persuaded into buying something they dont really need.在购物时人们时常忍不住被劝说买一些他们实际上并不需要的东西。cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事，本句是被动语态；they dont really need 作something的定语从句。3. The idea occurred to him in his dream and he decided to carry it out.他在梦中想到一个主意然后决定实施这个想法。occur to指“突然想到”，strike也有这个意思，不过strike是及物动词，后直接接宾语；carry out “实现、贯彻、执行”，注意介词和代词的位置。4. He would have paid twice as much for the house if the salesgirl had insisted because he really wanted it.如果售楼小姐坚持的话他就会为那所房子付两倍的款，因为他确实想要它。对过去情况的虚拟，从句省略if将had前置；倍数表达法：倍数加as much/many as .5. He changed his name,thinking that nobody would find out what he had done before.他改了名字，考虑到（这样）没有人能发现他以前的所作所为。thinking现在分词表伴随；what引导的名词性从句做find out的宾语，注意从句时态是过去完成时；find out找出、查明。6. Employees who do not smoke should not be subjected to the risks of passive smoking and need to be able to work in a safe environment.不吸烟的员工不应当冒被动吸烟的风险，他们需要能在一个安全的环境里工作。定语从句who do not smoke ；be subjected to遭受。7. Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill,which can help people forget bad memories.现在美国研究者认为他们很快就发明出一种药丸，能够帮助人们忘记不愉快的记忆。be close to doing sth.接近于；which引导的非限定性定语从句。8. The fact came up that specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.事实表明六个月大的婴儿就能辨认出特定的声音。that引导的同位语从句；短语come up（被）提出，开始；单词recognize辨认出、认同。9. These wild flowers are so special that I would do whatever I can to save them.这些野花是如此特别以至于我愿做任何我能做的事情来挽救他们。sothat格式的结果状语从句；whatever引导的名词性从句作do的宾语。10. Email as well as mobile telephones is becoming more and more popular in daily communication.电子邮件和移动电话一样正在日常交流中越来越普及。主谓一致，单数主语后有as well as连接其他事物，谓语动词仍用第三人称单数。第七组1. It was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which neither of the parents spoke the language.对父母都不能说英语的家庭的人来说学英语是很难的。it作形式主语的句型；in which引导的非限定性定语从句；neither指两者都不。2. There is no basis for arguing that private schools are bound to be better than public schools.认为私立学校一定好于公立学校的观点是毫无根据的。There be 句型；that引导同位语从句；短语be bound to注定、一定。3. Hearing the gunshot,all the birds flew in every direction.听到枪声，鸟儿们四散飞去。非谓语东西的独立主格形式，主动关系用现在分词hearing；朝着什么方向用介词in。4. There are lots of words words which the Americans use differently in meaning from us British.美国人和我们英国人所使用的许多词汇意义不同。再比如2004年11月第48题挑错：Between you and I,we have had an eye on him for some time,and he might be a runaway.就是将I改为me。5. Where did the accident in which your friend was hurt take place?你朋友受伤的那次事故是在哪儿发生的？in which引导的定语从句in which your friend was hurt;take place发生，一般过去时的疑问句用did，动词还原为原形。6. Nearly three quarters of the surface of the earth is covered with water,and there would be even less land if the polar icecaps were melt.接近四分之三的地球表面被水覆盖，如果极地冰川融化陆地就更少了。不可数名词作主语，尽管是3/4，谓语动词仍用单数；极地冰川融化使用的是虚拟语气及被动语态，所以用were melt。7. Finding answers to these questions is something like a detective story.找这些问题的答案有时就像一个侦探故事。动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；answer和key后接介词to。8. The course would have been offered this term,but it was cancelled because too few students had registered before registration closed.本学期将开设这门课，但由于注册结束前报名的学生太少被取消了。被动语态两处would have been offered和was cancelled ；would have been offered是对过去情况的虚拟would have done的被动形式；too few students had registered的时态是过去完成时，因为是发生在closed之前的动作。9. In the early grades especially,experts say,youngsters should be encouraged to work in groups rather than individually so that teachers can spot children who may be having problems making friends.专家指出，应当鼓励低年级特别是青少年分组而不是单独学习，以使老师们能够发现交友有困难的孩子。so that 引导的目的状语从句；who引导的定语从句；have problems （in）doing sth.做某事有困难。10. Even though Sedat had been studying English for three years before he came to the United States,it is still difficult for him to express himself.尽管Sedat去美国前已经学了三年英语，但他还是表达有困难。过去完成时had been studying ；even though 引导的让步状语从句；before引导的时间状语从句；it作形式主语句式。第八组1. Polite manners in China demand that a person stand up when anyone enters a room or when anyone hands him something.中国的礼节要求当他人进入房间或递过来东西时，一个人应该站起来。demand后接宾语从句，用虚拟语气（should）加动词原形；anyone后的谓语动词用第三人称单数，注意or前后形式是一致的。2. Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world;that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless.孩子们没有足够的经验认识到，电视节目呈现的并非真实世界，而且电视广告为了卖出不好的和没用的产品有时也说谎。that引导的两个宾语从句；不定式to sell products表示目的，that are sometimes bad or useless是products的定语从句。3. If the wounded soldier had been given first aid,he would not have died.如果这位受伤的战士得到急救的话，他就不会牺牲了。对过去情况的虚拟，从句if had done又是被动形式；first aid急救，aid是指援助和资助等，help指各种帮助。4. After driving twenty miles,he suddenly realize that he had been driving in the wrong direction.二十英里之后，他突然意识到他一直在朝着错误的方向开。分词的独立主格形式，驾驶动作与主句主语是主动关系，用现在分词driving；过去完成进行时形式had been doing；朝着方向，用介词in。5. Sorry,officer,I shouldnt have driven at 80 miles an hour but I didnt see any sign in the area telling me how fast people can drive.抱歉警官，我本不该开到时速80英里，但我在这一地区没有看到限速标识。情态动词用法shouldnt have done表示本不应该做某事但已经做了，肯定形式should have done表示应该做某事但没有做；telling me how fast people can drive是sign的分词定语，how fast people can drive 是tell的宾语从句。6. We consider it necessary that the instrument be adjust each time it is used.我们认为有必要每次使用仪器时进行调试。 it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句；necessary后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，被动形式是（should) be done.7. Individual freedom does not in any sense mean that you can do whatever you like at your free-will.个人自由并不意味着你可以自由地做你想要做的任何事情。that引导的宾语从句；whatever引导的宾语从句；in any sense在任何意义上，in a sense 在某种意义上，in no sense决不，make sense有意义。8. I would have told him the answer had it been possible,but I was so busy then.如果有可能我就告诉他答案了，但那时我很忙。对过去情况的虚拟，从句省略if后had前置；but后并非虚拟的情况还原为一般过去时。9. Having heard so much about Mr.Smith,they were eager to meet and have a chat with him.他们已经听说了许多Smith先生的事情，非常渴望见到他聊一聊。非谓语动词的独立主格形式，主动关系用现在分词，强调动作的先后顺序，独立主格用的完成时态；be eager to渴望做某事。10. When she came back from Hollywood,she wanted to tell everybody about all the stars and exciting people whom she had seen.当她从好莱坞回来时，她想告诉每个人她见过的所有的令人激动的明星们。whom引导的定语从句；注意从句时态是过去完成时；the stars and exciting people 共有一个定冠词，指的是一类人。第九组1. The scientists say that those gestures ,movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry.科学家们声称，那些手势、动作等具有词语所无法表达的含义。that引导的宾语从句；which引导的定语从句。2. In short,art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place,and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper