必修1Unit1、2语法和词汇练习

1 必修必修 1 Unit1 2 直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语 一 直接引语和间接引语的定义 直接引语 直接引语 直接引述别人的话 不做任何改变 用双引号括起来 间接引语 间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的话 构成宾语从句 既然引语是人所说的话 那么我们大致可以 将 人所说的话分为陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 祈使句 感叹句 反意疑问句等 二 间接引语 一般来说 主句谓语动词常为 said or said to 变为间接引语 当直接引语是陈述句时 said 变 said that said to told sb 当直接引语是一般疑问句时 则变为 asked asked sb if whether 当直接引语是特殊疑问句时 则变为 asked sb what 等特殊疑问词引导的句子 疑问词后的句子为陈述 句式 下面列举几个例子来说明 Mr Black said I m busy Mr Black said that he was busy I ll go to your farm tomorrow he said to her He told her that he would go to her farm the next day He said Are you ready He asked us if we were ready He said What do you want to do He asked what I wanted to do 1 如何变句型 如何变句型 1 直接引语如果是陈述句 间接引语应改为由 that 引导的宾语从句 例 She said Our bus will arrive in five minutes She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes 2 直接引语如果是反意疑问句 选择疑问句或一般疑问句 间接引语应改为由 whether 或 if 引导的宾 语 从句 例 He said Can you swim John He asked John if he could swim You have finished the homework haven t you my mother asked My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework 3 直接引语如果是特殊问句 间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句 宾语从句必 须用陈述句语序 例 She asked me When do they have their dinner She asked me when they had their dinner 4 直接引语如果是祈使句 间接引语应改为 tell ask order advise invite 等 sb not to do sth 句型 例 Don t make any noise she said to the children She told ordered the children not to make any noise 5 直接引语如果是以 Let s 开头的祈使句 变为间接引语时 通常用 suggest 动句词 或从句 例 He said Let s go to the film He suggested going to the film 或 He suggested that they should go to see the film 2 如何变人称如何变人称 由直接引语变间接引语时 从句的主语人称要遵循一主 二宾 三不变的原则 1 直接引语的主语是第一人称变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致 2 如果直接引语的主语是第二人称变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致 2 3 如果直接引语的主语是第三人称变为间接引语时 人称不变 例 They said We will go there by bus They said they would go there by bus She said to me Are you interested in science She asked me if I was interested in science His mother said to me He can t swim His mother told me that he couldn t swim 3 如何变时态 如何变时态 1 直接引语变为间接引语时 如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时 则间接引语从句的 时态保持不变 例 She will say I ll do it tomorrow She will say that she ll do it the next day 2 如果主句的时态是一般过去时 从句的时态则应是与主句时态相应的过去时态 例 The girl said I m sorry for being late for class The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class He said to me I am writing a letter He told me that he was writing a letter 3 直接引语如果是客观事实或真理 变为间接引语时 从句时态不变 例 The teacher said The earth moves around the sun The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun 语法练习语法练习 1 Tom asked Jack A why he was so excited B why was he so excited C why is he so excited D why he is so excited 2 He asked me with me A what the matter is B what the mater was C what s the matter D what was the matter 3 The teacher asked me A that I had finished my homework B that had I finished my homework C whether had I finished my homework D if I had finished my homework 4 Bob said A I will never forget my visit to Yanan B I would never forget my visit to Yanan C he will never forget his visit to Yanan D he would never forget his visit to Yanan 5 He asked for the violin A Did I pay how much B I paid how much C how much did I pay D how much I paid 6 Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see A who is he B who he is C who is it D who it is 7 Can you tell me A how good is his spoken English B how well his spoken English is C how well he speaks English D how good he can speak English 8 He said that he had bought the jacket A before three days B three days before C three days ago D last week 9 Did you say A that what he said was true B that it was true that he said C what did he say was true D what he said it was true 3 10 Please tell me from A where do you come B where you come C where you will come D there you come 第第 1 二单元词汇语法练习二单元词汇语法练习 一 用单词的正确形式填写 每空一词 1 Parents are always c 关心 much about their children 2 I m terribly sorry I didn t do it on p 3 His life is 完全地 given up to work 4 I m 感激的 for your help 5 To send me to college my parents s 受苦 a lot 6 On hot summer nights people like to sit o chatting and enjoying the cool air 7 The 幕布 窗帘 rises and the play begins 8 Poverty and disease remain major world problems It is not a question that can be 忽视 9 All those 在场的 at the meeting are high officials 10 I 意识到 that I had missed the last bus 二 词组拼写 11 The young man 爱上 the beautiful lady last month 12 You must ask for leave first 尽管 you have something very important 13 Dujiangyan is still 扮演一个重要的角色 in irrigation 灌溉 today 14 That question 提出 at yesterday s meeting 三 单项选择 15 I need to my things in the suitcase very quickly A pick up B take up C pack up D put up 16 She writing the report after breakfast and handed it in at noon A set off B set down C set out D set about 17 What great trouble we had where his house was A in finding B to find C find D found 18 It is the first time that I this kind of moon cake A enjoyed B have enjoyed C enjoy D enjoying 19 life pace continues to speed up we are quickly losing the art of enjoyment A With B When C As D While 20 It was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off