七年级英语人教版(新目标)(最新版)下学期期末复习：知识点归纳.doc

兰亭教育一、学习目标1. Units 7-12 单元知识点 2. 学会归纳句型，梳理语法知识 二、重点、难点重点1. 单词：spend, another, worry, hear, surprise2. 短语：a little, in the end, would like, be interested in, wake up3. 句型：1) Hello, Rick speaking. Hi, Rick. Its Steve. 2) How can I help you? 3) Put on your glasses and you can see the mutton.4) How interesting! 多么有趣啊！难点1. 如何打电话。2. 感叹句。一、重点单词【单词复习】1. spend spend v. 花（时间、钱）等【用法】spend time/ money on sth. 在某物上花费时间/金钱spend time / money (in) doing sth. 做某事花费时间/金钱spend time with sb. 和某人度过时光【例句】The girl often spends much money on clothes. 这个女孩经常在买衣服上花费许多钱。I spent two hours (in) finishing my homework. 我花了两小时完成我的作业。Can you spend time with your family? 你可以和你的家人度过时光吗？【拓展】(1) pay常用来表示“付款”，主语是人，其后用介词for。sb. pays money for sth. = sb. spends money on/ doing sth.(2) cost 表示“花钱”，主语为物。sth. costs sb. money. = sb. pays money for sth. = sb. spends money on/(in) doing sth.(3) take也可表示“花费”，多指花时间。常用结构为：It takes sb. some time to do sth. =sb. spends time on/(in) doing sth.【考题链接】How much did you _ on the book?A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay答案：B思路分析：根据主语you表示人，故排除A, C两项；其后介词是on，故排除D项。2. another adj. & pron. 另一的，又一个【用法】指三者或三者以上中的“另一个”，表示的是不定概念，用来修饰或代替单数可数名词。 【辨析】the other, the others, others, another(1) the other指两者中的另一个，常构成短语：one the other。(2) the others 指剩余人或物的全部。(3) others指剩余的其中的部分。常构成短语：some others。(4) another指三者或三者以上中的另一个。也可指在原来基础上再增加一个，后加基数词，相当于基数词加 more。【例句】There are two apples on the plate. One is green, the other is red.盘子里有两个苹果。一个是绿色的，另一个是红色的。We have 45 students. Twenty of them are girls, the others are boys.我们有45个学生。其中20个是女孩，剩余的都是男孩。The shirt is too small. Could you give me another one?这件衬衫太小。你给我拿另一件好吗？【考题链接】Some people like to rest in their free time. _ like to travel.A. Other B. The others C. Others D. Another答案：C思路分析：浏览题干可知句意为“一些人喜欢在闲暇时间休息。另一些人喜欢旅行”。“另一些人”只是部分，不是全部，故选C项。3. worry v.n. 担心；担忧【用法】(1) worry about sth./ sb. 为某事/某人担心(2) be worried about sth./ sb. 担心某事/某人(3) worry作名词“担心；担忧”讲，是不可数名词；“烦心的事”，是可数名词。Dont worry about little things. 别为琐事烦恼。Its just a mosquito bite. Theres nothing to worry about. 这只是蚊虫咬伤，没有什么可担心的。【考题链接】My sister met a lot of _. And Im _ about her very much.A. worry; worry B. worries; worry C. worry; worried D. worries; worried答案：D思路分析：句意为“我姐姐遇到了很多烦心的事。我很担心她”。名词worry应用其复数形式worries；be worried about是固定短语，故选D项。4. hear v. 听到；听见【用法】(1) hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做了某事(2) hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事(3) hear+ that从句 听说(4) hear of/ about 听说；hear from收到的来信【辨析】hear, listen, sound(1) hear意为“听到”，强调“听”的结果。(2) listen意为“听”，强调动作，是不及物动词；其后接“听”的内容时，要用listen to。(3) sound可作名词和动词。作名词时意为“声音”，作动词时是系动词，后接形容词作表语。【例句】Mary speaks fast, so I cant hear clearly. 玛丽说得很快，所以我听不清。Look! Tom is listening to the radio.看！汤姆正在听收音机。That sounds interesting. 那听起来不错。【考题链接】Im talking loudly. Can you _ me in the next room?A. sound B. hear C. listen D. listen to答案：B思路分析：sound作动词，其后接形容词作表语，题干中me是代词宾格，故排除A项；listen是不及物动词，故其后不能接宾语，排除C项；根据句意“我说话声音很大。你能在隔壁房间里听到我吗？”故选B项。listen to意为“听”，强调听的动作。5. surprise n. 惊奇；惊讶 v. 使吃惊【用法】(1) 作名词时，常用短语如下：get a surprise 吃惊；in surprise 吃惊地；to ones surprise 令人吃惊的是(2) 作动词时，主语常为物。sth. surprises sb. 某事使某人吃惊(3) surprised 形容词，指人；surprising形容词，常修饰物。【例句】The girls looked at me in surprise. 女孩们吃惊地看着我。His words surprised me. 他的话使我吃惊。I was surprised to see the surprising news. 看到那条令人惊讶的消息我很吃惊。【考题链接】He gave me some _ news and I got a _.A. surprised; surprise B. surprising; surprise C. surprised; surprised D. surprse; surprise答案：B思路分析：news表示“物”，故用surprising修饰；a后加名词surprise，故选B项。句意为“他带给我一些令人惊讶的消息，我吃了一惊”。【即学即练】1. He _ half an hour reading English in the morning. A. pays B. costs C. takes D. spends2. _! Can you _ the _?A. Hear; listen to; sound B. Listen; hear; soundC. Sound; hear; sound D. Listen; listen to; sound3. To my _, what he said _ everyone at present(在场的).A. surprised; surprised B. surprise; surprising C. surprising; surprised D. surprise; surprised4. We have _ two days to stay at home.A. other B. more C. another D. others5. You dont _ about me. But I am always _ about you.A. worry; worry B. worried; worried C. worry; worried D. worried; worry答案：1-5 DBDCC思路分析：1. 根据主语he可知排除B, C两项；再据 half an hour可知排除A项，只有D项合适。2. 浏览各选项可知listen可以单独使用，故排除A, C两项；the后接名词，故用sound表示“声音”；hear意为“听到”；listen to意为“听”，据句意可知B项正确。3. my是形容词性物主代词，故其后接名词surprise；后半句中缺少谓语动词，故用动词surprise的过去式surprised。句意为“令我感到惊讶的是，他说的话使在场的各位都吃惊了”。4. 浏览题干和选项可知 another two days意为“另外的两天”，故选C项。5. dont后接动词原形；am后接形容词形式，故选C项。二、重点短语【短语复习】1. a little 一点；少量【用法】可修饰形容词、副词及其比较级；后接不可数名词。表示肯定意义。【辨析】a little, little, a few, few(1) a little 和little修饰不可数名词。a little，有点；少量，相当于“not much”，表肯定。little，“几乎没有”，表否定。(2）a few 和 few 修饰可数名词。a few，一些；几个，相当于“not many”，表肯定。few，“几乎没有”，表否定。【例句】 Just a little water to me is enough, but there is little water in the bottle.一点点水对我而言已经足够了，可是瓶子里几乎没有水。There are a few mistakes in your exercises because you didnt do it carefully. 你的练习里有一些错误，因为你没有认真做。There are few new words in the story, so you can read it.这个故事里几乎没有几个新单词，你可以读读。【考题链接】We felt tired. He wanted to have _ orange juice, but I wanted to have _ apples.A. few, little B. a little; a few C. little; few D. a few; a little答案：B思路分析：根据“我们感到累了”可知想喝橘汁，吃苹果，故排除表示否定意义的A, C两项；orange juice是不可数名词，其前用 a little修饰；apples是可数名词，其前用a few修饰，故选B项。2. in the end 最后【用法】其同义词组为：at last, finally【拓展】(1) end作名词时，还可以构成短语：at the end of 在的末尾；在的尽头by the end of 到末为止(2) end作动词时，可构成短语：end up with / doing sth. 以(做)某事而告终【例句】You can find the post office at the end of the road. 你在路的尽头可以找到邮局。By the end of last term, they had finished Book.到上学期期末为止，他们已经学完了第二册。We ended up speaking Chinese in the end. 最后我们以说汉语而结束。【考题链接】At last they finished their work. (同义句转换)_ _ _ they finished their work.答案：In the end思路分析：in the end的同义短语是：at last。3. would like (表示意愿)愿意；喜欢【用法】would like相当于want，但语气更委婉，没有人称和数的变化。(1) would like sth. 想要某物(2) would like to do sth. 想要做某事(3) would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事【例句】Would you like some soup? 你想要一些汤吗？Yes, please. / No, thanks. 是的。/ 不，谢谢。Would you like to go swimming with me? 你想和我去游泳吗？Yes, Id like/ love to. / Id like/love to, but I have to look after my brother.是的。/ 我想去，但是我必须照看我弟弟。Id like you to help me with my housework. 我想让你帮我做家务。【考题链接】He likes _ in the morning, but Id like _.A. to read; running B. reading; run C. reading; running D. to read; to run答案：D思路分析：做此题时一定要看完整；like后可接to do或doing；d like相当于would like，其后接to do，故选D项。4. be interested in 对感兴趣【用法】相当于take/ show/ have an interest in。此处interest是名词。interest还可作动词，意为“使感兴趣”，主语是物；interested作形容词，主语是人；interesting作形容词，常修饰物。【例句】The boy was interested in/ took an interest in music when he was three.这个男孩三岁时就对音乐感兴趣。The picture interested me. 这幅画使我感兴趣。I think the movie is very interesting. 我认为这部电影很有趣。【考题链接】Basketball _ him. He is very _ in it.A. interests; interesting B. interest; interested C. interested; interesting D. interests; interested答案：D思路分析：“物使人感兴趣”用动词interest，主语是单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；后半句主语是he，故空内用interested。故选D项。5. wake up 把弄醒【用法】在此短语中，up是副词，如果接代词时，要放在wake和up之间。【例句】Every morning my mother wakes me up because I cant wake up. 每天早上，妈妈把我叫醒，因为我不能自己醒来。【拓展】与up相关的短语：get up 起床；站起 cut up 切碎 stay up 熬夜；深夜不睡put up 搭起；举起 【考题链接】We _ up last night. Dont _.A. got; wake up her B. cut; wake her upC. stayed; wake her up D. put; wake up her答案：C思路分析：根据后句可知句意为“不要把她弄醒”，her是代词，要放在wake和up中间，故排除A, D两项；cut up意为“切碎”，不符合题意。故选C项，stay up意为“熬夜”。【即学即练】选词填空，注意其正确形式。wake up, in the end, a little, be interested in, would like1. Maria _ to eat some pancakes.2. _, our class won the match and we were all very happy.3. Yesterday she _the baby _, but she didnt know how to make her stop crying.4. Hes _ tired. Let him have a rest.5. They _ playing the violin when they were young.答案：1. would like 2. In the end 3. woke; up 4. a little 5. were interested in三、重点句型【句型复习】1. Hello, Rick speaking. 喂，我是里克。Hi, Rick. Its Steve. 里克你好，我是史蒂夫。【句析】此两句是电话用语。在电话用语中常用以下句子：Hello! May / Could I speak to , please? 喂！我可以找通话吗？Is that speaking? 您是吗？Whos that (speaking)? 您是谁？This is (speaking). 我是。Its (speaking). 我是。Hold on. 请稍等。【考题链接】Hello! _Ann. Is that Lily speaking?A. I am B. This is C. That is D. She is答案：B思路分析：此句是电话用语。用this指代自己，故选B项。句意为“喂！我是安。你是莉莉吗？” 2. How can I help you? 需要我帮忙吗？(我可以帮您做些什么呢？)【句析】这是一句客套语，向他人伸出援手、主动提出帮助时所用。其中的can可改为could, may，表示语气更加委婉。【拓展】类似的句子还有：May/ Could/ Can I help you? Do you need any help?Is there anything I can help (you) with? Is there anything I can do for you?What can I do for you？【例句】How could I help you? 需要帮忙吗？Can you tell me where the post office is? 你能告诉我邮局在哪儿吗？【考题链接】_?I want a skirt for my daughter.A. What do you want to buy B. Who do you buyC. What can I do for you D. Where is the skirt答案：C思路分析：根据答语“我想给我女儿买件裙子”可知问句是售货员问顾客的客套语，选项中只有C项符合。3. Put on your glasses and you can see the mutton. 戴上你的眼镜，你会看到羊肉的。【句析】本句是祈使句+ and+含有情态动词的句子。表示一种顺承关系。【拓展】祈使句+ then +一般将来时的句子，也表示一种顺承关系。相当于if引导的肯定条件状语从句。祈使句+ or + 含有情态动词的句子/ 一般将来时的句子，表示一种转折关系。相当于if引导的否定条件状语从句。【例句】Work hard, and/ then you will get good grades. = If you work hard, you will get good grades.努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。Be quick, or you will miss the train. = If you are quick, you wont miss the train.快点，否则你会误了火车的。【考题链接】1. Go along this street, _ youll find the shop.A. but B. and C. or D. so2. Hurry up, _ youll be late for the football match.A. and B. or C. but D. so答案：1. B 2. B思路分析：1. 根据“沿着这条街”和“你会发现那家商店”，可知是表示一种顺承关系，故选B项。2. 根据“快点”和“你就会耽误那场足球比赛的”，可知是表示一种转折关系，故选B项。4. How interesting! 多么有趣啊！【句析】本句是感叹句。省略了主语和谓语。原句应是：How interesting it is!表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子叫感叹句。通常由what或how引导，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，副词。【拓展】感叹句的句型如下：(1) What + a / an + adj. + n. + 主 +谓！(名词为可数名词单数)(2) What + adj. + n. + 主 + 谓！（名词为不可数名词或可数名词复数）(3) How + adj. / adv.+ 主 + 谓！(4) How + adj. + a/ an + n. +(主)+ 谓! (名词是可数名词单数)(5) How + adj. + the + n. + (主)+ 谓! (名词是不可数名词或可数名词复数)其中，(1)、(4)两句可互换；(2)、(5)两句可互换。【例句】What a fine day it is! = How fine the day (it) is! 今天天气不错！What hot weather it is! =How hot the weather (it) is! 多么热的天气呀！What beautiful flowers they are! = How beautiful the flowers (they) are! 这些花多么漂亮呀！How fine he looks! 他看起来气色多好啊！【考题链接】1. _ beautiful your new dress is!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an2. _ fine weather it is!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an答案：1. A 2. C思路分析：1. beautiful是形容词，故用how修饰。2. fine修饰名词，weather是不可数名词，故选C项。【即学即练】根据要求完成下列各题1. Is that Mary speaking? (作肯定回答)_, _ _ Mary speaking.2. Is there anything I can do for you? (同义句转换)_ _ I _ you?3. Get up early, and you can catch the early bus. (同义句转换)_ you _ up early, you _ catch the early bus.4. How interesting the book is! (同义句转换)_ _ interesting book it is!答案：1. Yes; this is 2. How can; help 3. If; get; can 4. What an初中英语七年级下人教版（新目标）下册期末试卷分析一、预习新知期末试卷分析二、预习点拨思考问题一：你能掌握所学的单词、短语及句型掌握吗？思考问题二：你能用英语打电话吗？思考问题三：你对现在进行时、一般过去时掌握了吗？思考问题四：你对祈使句、there be 句型的印象还清晰吗？（答题时间：40分钟）. 单项选择( ) 1. New Park is a good place _.A. to enjoy yourself B. to enjoy you C. enjoys D. enjoying( ) 2. Can your father _ French?Yes, but only _.A. speaks; a little B. says; little C. speak; a little D. say; a little( ) 3. There _ a bank and two pay phones near here.A. has B. are C. is D. have( ) 4. _?He has big eyes and a small nose.A. How old is he B. What does he do C. What does he look like D. How is he( ) 5. He _ a large glass of juice.A. would like B. would likes C. like D. want( ) 6. Tony won an MP4 in the flower show. He was surprised _ the prize.A. get B. to get C. got D. getting( ) 7. We saw the children _ in the lake when we passed.A. swim B. to swim C. swam D. swimming( ) 8. I _ carefully, but I couldnt _ what he said.A. listen; hear B. listened; hear C. listen; heard D. listen to; hear( ) 9. They want to spend three months _ across Europe.A. to travel B. traveling C. traveled D. travels( ) 10. _ beautiful _ photo is!A. What; a B. What; / C. How; the D. How; /. 完形填空Many Americans like to have their vacation in 1 countries. One day an American 2 comes to China. This is her first time (次数) to China and she wants to 3 some friends there. She meets a Chinese. This Chinese wants to talk 4 with the American. When he sees her, he comes up, says “ 5 ” to her, then he begins his first talk with someone 6 an English-speaking country. “How old are you?” the Chinese 7 . “Im 8 . Please dont ask a lady about her 9 .” answers the woman. The Chinese is surprised. He doesnt know 10 . Can you help him? ( ) 1. A. an other B. the other C. other D. others( ) 2. A. man B. boy C. woman D. child ( ) 3. A. make B. making C. do D. having ( ) 4. A. with English B. with Chinese C. in English D. in Chinese ( ) 5. A. OK B. Hello C. Sorry D. Good-bye ( ) 6. A. to B. at C. of D. from( ) 7. A. says B. tells C. talks D. speaks ( ) 8. A. sure B. shy C. happy D. sorry ( ) 9. A. dinner B. age C. job D. family ( )10. A. how B. why C. what D. where. 阅读理解Jane and Helen are my twin sisters. They are in the same class. Jane studies hard. And she is good at (擅长) schoolwork. Helen doesnt study hard. She is very lazy. Every day she always plays with her dog Kitty. Our house is near their school. Every day Jane gets up early and helps our mother make breakfast, after breakfast she helps our mother do the dishes, then she walks to school. Oh, what does Helen usually do in the morning? She always gets up late, and she doesnt eat breakfast at home. She always goes to school with hamburgers. Last Monday Helen got up late again. When she got to school, the class started. Her teacher was very angry with her. He made Helen stand in the classroom. Do you know what Helen did then? When her teacher turned back, she asked Jane to stand and she sat down. ( ) 1.This passage tells us Jane is good at _. A. playing B. doing the dishes C. schoolwork D. making breakfast ( ) 2. From this passage we know that Helen always _. A. gets up late B. helps her mother make breakfast C. makes her mother happy D. goes to school by bike ( ) 3. Jane and Helen are _. A. friends B. in the same class C. lazy D. good students ( ) 4. Last Monday Helen _. A. bought a dog B. went to the park C. helped mother do the dishes D. was late for school ( )5. This passage tells us Kitty is _. A. a teacher B. lazy C. a dog D. a little heavy. 用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1. Hows your winter vacation _ (go)?2. What do you enjoy _(do) on weekends？Swimming.3. Nancy likes _(spend) time with her parents on weekends.4. The _(visit) are on a _(visit) to the Great Wall.5. They didnt see any _(interest) animals in the zoo.6. A family of _(mouse) were in the kitchen.7. Would you like _(eat) some noodles?8. Turn right at the first _(cross) and the zoo is on your left.9. The boys draw their houses _(different), but they are nice.10. Look! Jim with Bill _(play) basketball. . 根据要求改写句子，每空一词1. She often plays tennis after school. (用now改写)She _ _ tennis now.2. There are some banks on Center Street. (改为一般疑问句)Are _ _ banks on Center Street?3. Hes of medium height and has short hair. (对画线部分提问)_ _ he look like?4. They want to buy a new car. (同义句转换)They _ _ to buy a new car.5. Mike is watching TV. (用yesterday evening改写)Mike _ _ yesterday evening.6. He is a very smart boy. (改为感叹句)_ a _ boy he is!7. It took him 2 hours to get there. (同义句转换)He _ 2 hours _ there.8. If you dont run quickly, youll fall behind(落后). (同义句转换)_ quickly, _ youll fall behind . 根据对话内容，从方框中选择适当的选项补全对话（其中有两项是多余的）A. What did you do on Saturday afternoon?B. Now I want to have a good rest.C. Not very good.D. I cleaned my room.E. You were really busy.F. Did you swim in the pool?G. Yes, thank you.A: How was your weekend, Tina?B: 1 A: What did you do