EEC英语Unit10知识点讲解.doc

Unit10知识点讲解1.contest n. 比赛 have a contest 举行一场比赛have a speech contest 举行一场演讲比赛have a snowboarding contest 举行一场滑板滑雪比赛watch a contest 观看一场 比赛We watched a snowboarding contest. 我们观看了一场滑板滑雪比赛。2.exciting/excitedadj. 激动人心的（由表示“心理”或“情感”的动词，加-ing或-ed构成。以-ing形式构成的形容词，主语一般为某物或某事，“令人的”.-ed表示被动，指人的一种心理活动，“感到的”，主语一般是人。）exciting adj. 令人兴奋的/振奋的eg. This is an exciting story. 这是一个令人兴奋的故事。I did an exciting sport once. 我曾经做了一个令人兴奋的运动。This news is exciting. 那条消息让人兴奋。excited adj. 兴奋的、激昂的Eg. What are you so excited about? 什么使你这么兴奋？ Im excited about the game. 这场比赛让我很兴奋。类似的单词有：interesting/interested, boring/bored, surprising/surprised3.boring/bored adj.乏味的eg. This film is boring. 这场电影很无聊。That is a boring job. 那是一项很乏味的工作。I feel bored. 我觉得无聊。4、dangerous adj.危险的(more dangerous , most dangerous ) safe safety Its dangerous for sb. to do sth.Its dangerous for you to play with fire. 玩火对于你来说很危险。1. Its so dangerous _ me. But I enjoy watching it. A. for B. about C. to2. Its dangerous for us _ tiger. A. touch B. to touch C. touching3. Snowboarding is a _(danger) sport.4. Snowboarding _(look)dangerous _me.danger n. 危险safetySome animals are in danger. 许多动物处于危险之中。5.close adj. 亲近的，靠近的 Eg. They are close friends. 他们是亲密的朋友。v. 关闭 Eg. Please close the window. 请关上窗户。She closed her eyes and jumped from the helicopter. 她闭上眼睛从直升机上跳了下来。6.dislike v.不喜欢“dis”表示“不,非”的意思，是一个否定前缀。Eg. disappear 消失，disagree 不同意， discolor 褪色dislike doing sth. Eg. I dislike doing homework.我不喜欢做家庭作业。7、mark n.标记；分数Eg. I cant get the ink marks off your shirt. 我去不掉你身上的墨迹。a good (bad) mark 得到高（低）分 full marks 满分 get 90 marks for English 英语得到90分8、because conj.因为（后只能接从句，用来回答why 的提问，表示直接原因，语气最强。）Because of 是复合介词，后接名词或名词性词组。He is absent because he is ill. = He is absent because of his illness.他因病缺席。9、fall v. (fell fallen)v.落下，降落 -rise(反义词) eg. Leaves fall from the trees. 叶子从树上落下。v. 跌落，跌倒 eg. She slipped and fell on the ice. 他滑了一下，跌倒在冰上。v. 下降，减退，减弱 eg. The temperatures will fall during the night. 晚上气温将降低。 n. 秋天（同autumn）eg. I may be back in the fall. 我可能在秋天回去短语：fall down fall off 10.famous adj. Someday, I hope to be famous for bungee jumping! 某天，我希望因蹦极而出名。 因而闻名_=_作为而出名_=_11. He is famous _ a sportsman. A. for B. as C. in 2.Harbin is famous_ its snow and ice. A. in B. for C.of12.instead adv.1. Can you go to the meeting _ of me? A. inside B. instead 2. I would like coffee _ tea. A. instead B. instead of 3. I like reading instead of _(dance).12.unhealthy adj. 反义词_ (n.) _(adv.) _保持健康 _; _; _; _who is _(heath) Lucy or Lily?13. become v. 过去式_ 过去分词_ Doing sports is _ my hobby. A. become B. becoming C. becomes Milk helps my bones become _.10. Canada n. 复数 _ 在加拿大 _ 说德语_11.interest n.兴趣 1)show interest in sth = be interested in sth. 2)places of interest 12.同义句1. It scared me.=It made me scared.2. Do you want to try it?=Do you want to have a try?3. I hope that I can be famous for bungee jumping. I hope to be famous for bungee jumping.4. He jumped down from the platform.=He jumped off the platform.5. I am afraid of going outside alone at night.=I am scared of going outside alone at night语法（grammar）动词的过去式：1. 一般过去时的用法一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last ，year, yesterday等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。Eg.I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。注意：也可以用“used to +动词原形”表示过去经常或反复的动作。eg. We used to get up early. 我以前总是早起。（意指现在不早起了）2.一般过去时的形式： 1).动词be: 第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was, 其余的人称一律用were。2).动词have: 一律用had, 没有人称和数的变化。3).行为动词：一律用过去式，没有人称和数的变化，行为动词的过去式有两类，一类是规则动词，另一类是不规则动词。规则动词:一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。3.一般过去时动词的肯定、否定、一般疑问句和简略回答以及特殊疑问句的形式见列表：肯定、否定形式肯 定否 定动词beI was I was not You were You were not He/She/It was He/She/It was not We were We were not You You They They 动词haveI had I had not YouYouHe/She/ItHe/She/ItWe We You You They They 行为动词(study)I studied I did not study YouYouHe/She/ItHe/She/ItWe We You You They They 行为动词的过去时的否定式，要使用助动词 do 的过去式did，后面的谓语动词要还原为原形。注意：在非正式语如口语中，was not, were not, had not和did not 可以分别缩写成wasnt, werent, hadnt和didnt。一般疑问句和简略回答一般疑问句简略回答动词beWere you ?Was he ?Were they ?Yes, I was.No, I was not.Yes, he was.No, he was not.Yes, they were.No, they were not.动词haveHad you ?Had he ?Had they ?Yes, I had. No, I had not.Yes, he had. No, he had not.Yes, they had.行为动词(study)Did you study ?Did he study ?Did they study ?No, they had not.Yes, I did. No, I did not.Yes, he did. No, he did not.Yes, they did. No, they did not.特殊疑问句和简略回答特殊疑问句回答动词beWhere was she?She was at home.行为动词(study)When did you study English?I studied it last year.4.一般过去时的几种句型1.肯定句结构为：1) 主语+was / were +表语 +其他 . He was a student five years ago .2) )主语+情态动词过去式（could , would ）+动词原形+其他. She could speak at the age of two .3)主语+动词的过去式+其他。Eg. He went to the toy store yesterday.2.否定句结构为：1) 主语+was / were not +表语 +其他 . He wasnt a student five years ago .2) )主语+情态动词过去式（could , would ）+动词原形+not +其他. She couldnt speak at the age of two .3)主语+did not (didnt)+动词原形+其他。如：He didnt go to the toy store yesterday.3.一般疑问句的构成：1) Was / Were +主语+表语 +其他 ? Was he a student fine years ago ?2) 情态动词过去式（Could , Would ）+动词原形+主语+其他 ? Could she speak at the age of two ?3)Did+主语动词原形其他？如：Did he go to the toy store yesterday .4.特殊疑问句的构成：1) 疑问词was / were +主语其他？What was he five years ago /2)疑问词情态动词过去式(could / would )+主语动词原形其他？What could he do at the