英语短文改错顺口溜

英语短文改错顺口溜短文改错很简单，名词动词两主线；每句话为一单位，错误藏在句子间；名词可数不可数，形式是复还是单；动词及物不及物，有无宾语在后边；何种时态弄清楚，主动被动需判断；非谓动词何形式，作何成分是关键；形容副词互扰乱，何种级别是重点；冠词用冠不用冠，定冠还是不定冠；代词指代要一致，定宾主表认真选；从句连词要判断，做不做成分仔细看；遇到and要判断，到底并列还是选转；若为并列就不变，若转but来更换；介词副词按短语，习惯用法按习惯；前后文章要连贯，审后没错对号添。短文改错不难做，首先解题要沉着； 先看名词单复数，再看代词是否错； 动词时态是关键，过去现在须分辨； 及物动词后有宾，不及宾前定有介； 副词修饰形副动，名词前面常用形； 连词不能胡乱用，转折承接须分清； 固定搭配很重要，句意也须心中晓。 牢记上述八大条，做起题来快又好。一看一致二词类，三多四少五搭配，六句七语八非谓，九看逻辑对不对，拼写无误便全对。 1. “一致”，指一致性方面的错误，包括主谓一致、时态一致、代词一致等。如： All he said were right. (谓语动词要与主语的数保持一致，应把were改成was） 2. “词类”，指词法，包括同义词、反义词、易混词；名词的可数与不可数、单复数及所有格；代词的格；定语从句中先行词和关系代词的误用；名词性从句中连接词的误用；比较范围的错误。如： We should remember what we all learnt our own language when we were children. (what应改为that) She found a wallet laying on the ground. (laying应改为lying) 3. “多”，指多词，句中多了主语、谓语、冠词、介词、副词等。如： This river is much more longer than that one. (多了副词more) From his answer we shall know the something now. (不定代词前不加冠词，故去掉the) 4. “少”，指少词，句中少了主语、谓语、冠词、介词、副词等。如： Then I began to pay more attention my pronunciation. ( attention 后缺少介词to) 5. “搭配”，指固定搭配。如： We could learn a second language by the same way. ( 固定搭配应为in the same way) 6“句”，指句型结构。如: Long ago there had a war between the two countries. (表“存在”的句型应为there be + 主语，故把had改为was) 7. “语”，指语态。如： He broke the law and punished. (punished 前加was) 8. “非谓”， 指非谓语动词。如： Scientists like Newton and Watt were usually interesting in these facts. (interesting 改为 interested) 9. “逻辑”，指文章的逻辑意义，句与句、段与段之间使用的承接词是转折型、递增型还是因果型，以及受空间、时间限定的词语的使用。如： This is a lie, and his parents did not know. (两句之间是转折型，and改为but) 10. “拼写”，指单词拼写错误。如： The hurricane destroied the houses along the coast. (destroied 改为destroyed一、解题思路（三步解题法）：第一步、快速浏览全文，把握文章的主要时态、人称及文章的主旨大意，顺便标记自己一眼就能看出的错误。第二步、细读文章的每一句话。一般要结合文章的前后句以及出题规律来做题。第三步、代入已经修改完成的答案通读全文，看其是否通顺。注意：在修改过程当中，一定要相信自己的第一感觉。即一般来说，第一次填写的答案正确率比较高，没有十足地把握不易轻易改正！二、出题规律以及破解关键：高考短文改错出题人一般会在以下八个方面进行出题。掌握出题规律之后做题便会事半功倍！1.动词：（1）主要考察能力：时态、主谓是否一致、固定搭配。（2）出题形式：时态混用ie, Then the trouble started. We can not open the door. So we asked the policeman for help.讲解：很显然此句子主时态是一般过去式，因此应把can改为could。主谓不一致ie, There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.讲解：原句中a football game决定了谓语动词必须用单数，所以应该把were改为was。固定搭配ie, I have given up somke. The dog doesnt like the smell.讲解：give up doing sth。因此动词somke应该改为somking。2.名词：（1）主要考察能力：单复数混用。（2）出题形式：单复数混用ie, Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy.讲解：“年龄多大了”应该为复数形式，应此应该把year改为years。注意：代词单复数混用类似。ie, As for a friendship, we can readily find them in our classmates and other people around us.讲解：显然因该把them改为it，指代前面提及的friendship。此句话意思是“就友谊来说，我们可以很容易地从我们的同学和周围的人中找到。”3.形容词/副词（1）主要考察能力：两者之间是否混用。 （2）出题形式：形容词与副词混用。即该用形容词的地方原文用了副词，该用副词的地方原文用了形容词。副词代替正确形容词出现在文章当中ie, During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually.讲解：很明显“与平时相比较更忙”，因此需要把usually改为usual。形容词代替正确副词出现在文章当中ie, As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds leaft in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on-get going!”讲解：原文意思是说比赛还剩一分四十二秒时，她开始兴奋地叫道-，显然应把excited改为excitedly，用来修饰动词cheer。4.介词（1）主要考察能力：（特别是与动词的）固定搭配。（2）出题形式：介词省略ie, Im surt you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster.讲解：get rid of 是固定搭配，意思为“摆脱，除去”介词多余ie,My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking.讲解：这里显然示对because of与because用法的辨别区分。前者不能接句子，而后者充当连词可以接句子。所以应该把of去掉。介词用错(一般为固定搭配)ie, I pick out her false hair and said, “Dont be sad, Miss.”讲解：pick out应该为pick up。pick out挑选的意思；pick up捡起的意思。5.连词（1）主要考察能力：前后两句话之间的衔接关系。常考三种关系：but转折and并列because原因 ie, One day, my wife and I went shopping at a store. We drove the car but we had a lot of things to buy.讲解：显然原文中所要表达的意思是“我们开车去的原因是因为我们要买好多东西”，所以应该把but改为because/as/for。ie,Chatting on line, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, but improve their English if they are talking with native speakers.讲解：原文表达的意思是“通过网上聊天，学生能够更加轻松自由地表达自己的想法和观点，并且如果他们同外国人交谈，能够提高他们的英语水平。”所以前后句之间是并列关系，因该把but改为and6.句式 （1）主要考察能力：常考that与what或which/how与what之间的转换。（2）出题形式：ie, She never has enough time for that she wants to do.讲解：原文意思是“她没有足够多的时间来做自己想做的事情”，很明显应该把that改为what。注意：这一形式是改错常考点。ie, We Chinese people have always been concerned about which has happened in your area.讲解：原文中需要一个连接词承接前后连个句子，这个连接词充当be concerned about引导宾语从句中的主语，所以应该把which改为what。7. 冠词（1）主要考察能力：句中冠词是否多余（2）出题形式：冠词多余ie, I sat in the front of the TV at 7 oclock, when the game just began.讲解：区分in front of sth和in the front of sth。解决这个问题记住一句顺口溜就可以了“有the是内无the是外”，即in the front of sth显然是指在事物(sth)内部空间的前面，比如说I prefer to travel in the front of the car.(我愿意坐在汽车的前面)；而in front of sth是指事物(sth)外部空间的前面，比如说the car stops in front of the house(汽车停在房前)。因此原文中应该把the去掉。冠词遗漏ie, As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life.讲解：at an - age固定搭配词组，表示“出于-年龄”，比如说at an early/tender age，可以翻译为“很小/年幼的时候”8.代词（1）主要考察能力：代词是否多余，以及与反身代词之间的混用。（2）出题形式：代词多余ie, Dont lose your heart. With the help of the people all over the world, Im sure you will get rid of the sorrow and unhappiness.讲解：lose heart：become discouraged泄气；丧失勇气；而lose ones heart（to sb/st）：fall in love爱上；钟情于。原文意思很明显是“别泄气”。所以应该把your去掉。一字之差，离题千里。代词混用ie, We were living in a big family. We treate each other as brothers and sisters. If any one of them had any difficulty, the othe