非谓语与定从状从并列句转换

非谓语 分词短语 与定从 状从 并列句转换 英语中 一句话只能有一个主谓结构 2 一句话只能有一个谓语动词 如果出现更多动词 加连词 and but so 放入从句 that which if when 变为非谓语动词 todo doing done 1 谓语动词 overview 概述 概观 2 非谓语动词 在句子中担任谓语的动词形式 是动词的特殊形式 在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 1 Theteacherssittingtherearefromotherschools 表语 2 Wesawsometeacherssittingthere 宾语补足语 3 Weneedtobeactiveinclass 宾语 谓语 宾语 主语 定语 连系动词 划分句子成分 非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语 宾语 宾语补足语 表语 定语 状语等 非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中 已经存在一个主句 谓语动词 又没有连词的情况下 还有别的动词出现时 1 Shegotoffthebus herhandbagonherseat 2 Shegotoffthebus leftherhandbagonherseat 3 Shegotoffthebus shewasreadingabook leaving but when 非谓语与定从 状从 并列句转换 一 定语从句转为非谓语 分词 删去关系代词和be 其它成分不变 1 若关系词之后有be动词 则 Examples 1 Watchthemenwhoarecomingthisway Watchtheman comingthisway 2 Lessonswhicharelearnedeasilyaresoonforgotten Lessons aresoonforgotten learnedeasily 3 Thedogwhichwasbeatenyesterdayisdead Thedog yesterdayisdead beaten ThemanwhoisinwhiteisJack Theman isJack Thestudentwhoiswearingajacketisfrommyclass Thestudent isfrommyclass inwhite wearing Thisisabookthatisworthreading Thisisabook Whatisthenameofthebookwrittenbyyou Didyounoticethehousewhichwasburning worthreading 2 若关系词之后没有be动词 而是一般的动词 则 Anyone maydoso wishingtoleaveearly 1 Anyonewhowishestoleaveearlymaydoso 删去关系词 再将动词改为 ing形式 其它不变 2 Theboywhosatnearthewindowwasgoodatplayingfootball Theboy wasgoodatplayingfootball sittingnearthewindow 3 Weseethestreamwhichrisesfromthehole Weseethestream risingfromthehole 二 状语从句转为非谓语 分词 1 先将引导状语从句的连接词去掉 2 如果状语从句的主语与主句主语相同 则去掉从句主语 不相同 则保留从句主语 亦称独立主格结构 可不掌握 3 若状语从句的谓语动词有be 则 去掉be 把谓语动词变成V ing形式 若状语从句的谓语动词无be 则 若主句动词为现在时 而状语从句的动词为过去时 那么为了表示状语从句的动作时间早于主句的动词 则变分词短语是应改为完成式 Attention 转换练习 1 状语从句主语与主句主语相同 逆向法 即分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语 1 AfterIhadheardfrommybrother Ifeltmuchhappy Ifeltmuchhappy Havingheardfrommybrother 2 Asheisill hecan tattendthemeeting hecan tattendthemeeting Beingill 3 Whenhewasbuyingthebooks hemetanoldfriend hemetanoldfriend Buyingthebook 4 Becausehehasbeenpraisedtoomuch hebecomestooproud hebecomestooproud Havingbeenpraisedtoomuch 2 前后主语不相同 逆向法 即分词的逻辑主语就是原状语从句的主语 不需掌握 1 Afterthesunhadset wearrivedatthestation Thesun wearrivedatthestation havingset 2 Whenschoolwasover theboyswenthome theboyswenthome Schoolbeingover 3 Ashishomeworkhasbeendone theboyswenthome theboyswenthome Hishomeworkhavingbeendone 4 Iftheweatherpermits we llgototheGreatWall Theweather we llgototheGreatWall permitting 3 Attention 不需掌握 1 Becausehislovelydogwasdead littleboyisveryupset littleboyisveryupset Hislovelydoghavingbeendead 2 Ashewasidleinhisyouth hehastoworkhardinhisoldage hehastoworkhardinhisoldage Havingbeenidleinhisyouth 3 Afternewteachingbuildingwasfinished studentsstudyinthenewclassroomnow studentsstudyinthenewclassroomnow Newteachingbuildinghavingbeenfinished 三 并列句转为非谓语 分词 看主语是否相同 1 把并列句中的连接词 and but 去掉 2 把其中一个谓语动词变为V ing形式 两句若是用句号隔开 变化后将句号改为逗号 Condiiton 条件 并列句主语相同时 保留一个主语 并列句主语不相同时 两个主语都保留 此处也要注意到方法 二 中的 一个补充 和 一个注意 转换练习 1 并列句主语相同时 保留一个主语 1 Mytrainstartsat12andwillarrivedinWuhanat3 Mytrainstartsat12 三 并列句改为非谓语 分词 arrivinginWuhanat3 2 Shealonestayedathomeanddidherhomework Shealonestayedathome doingherhomework 2 并列句主语不相同时 两个主语都保留 Examples 1 Hewasreadingabook andhiswifewasdoinghousework Hewasreadingabook hiswifedoinghousework 2 TheylistenedtothemovedstoryaboutRenChangxiaandtearsrandowntheircheeks TheylistenedtothemovedstoryaboutRenChangxia tearsrunningdowntheircheeks 状从转为非谓语 分词 的延伸 连接词 分词 when while unlessdoing 此类句型实际上是将从属连词when while though unless等引导的从句省略了相同的主语及be动词变化而来的 状语从句的省略 转换练习 1 WhilehewasfightinginKorea hewastakenprisoner While inKorea hewastakenprisoner fighting 2 Whenthedrugistakenaccordingtoitsintroductions thedrughasnoneglecteffect When accordingtoitsintroductions thedrughasnoneglecteffect taken 四 小结 从上面的句子转换中可以得出一个小结 一回头 找该非谓语的逻辑主语 两确定 确定该非谓语动词的动作与主句谓语的动作先后 确定该非谓语动词与逻辑主语的主谓或动宾关系 五 巩固练习 1 将下列复合句或并列句改为含分词短语的句子1 Whenhelefttheclassroom hedidn tsaygoodbyetome hedidn tsaygoodbyetome Whenleavingtheclassroom 2 Becauseheisill hecan tattendthemeeting hecan tattendthemeeting Beingill 3 Theteacheristeachingintheclassroom JimandTomareplayinggames JimandTomareplayinggames Theteacherteachingintheclassroom 4 Theboyswhoswamintheriverwereindanger Theboys wereindanger swimmingintheriver 5 Becausehehadseenthefilmbefore hewentoutofthecinema hewentoutofthecinema Havingseenthefilmbefore 6 Whenourschoolisseenfromthemountain Ourschoolisbeautiful ourschoolisbeautiful Seenfromthemountain 7 Themanrosefromthegroundandbeatthedustoffhisclothes Themanrosefromtheground beatingthedustoffhisclothes 2 将下列含分词短语的句子改为复合句或并列句 1 Seeingfromthemountain Ifindourschoolisbeautiful when Ifindourschoolisbeautiful WhenIseefromthemountain 2 Hetoldmehewouldstandbytheroadside watchingtheparade and Hetoldmehewouldstandbytheroadside andwatchtheparade 3 Judgedfromwhathesaid heisateacher heisateacher Ifheisjudgedfromwhathesaid 4 Thechildrenwenthomeafterclass singingandlaughing Thechildrenwenthomeafterclass andsangandlaughed 5 Havingbrushedhisteeth Mr Brownc