中国海洋大学大一期中考试试题.doc

Part 1 Short conversations(每小题：1 分)Directions: In this section you will hear some short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear. 1.A. She didnt fulfill her promise.B. Her mother would be very angry.C. She cant finish the job ahead of schedule.D. She would be the last to finish the job.2.A. At a restaurant.B. In the office.C. At the cinema.D. At a department store.3.A. His girlfriend complained of his going to the club without her.B. He was with his girlfriend last night.C. He has been busy dating his girlfriend these days.D. He brought his girlfriend to the club.4.A. She regretted having bought the second-hand car.B. It is unnecessary to rent another house.C. They should sell their second-hand car and buy a new one.D. They can afford a second-hand car.5.A. The class thought the demonstration was too complex.B. Too many students showed up.C. The professor didnt show up.D. Most students didnt come to the class.6.A. Because nine is an odd number.B. Because the elevator is too old.C. Because the elevator got stuck.D. Because there are too many people in the elevator.7.A. A student.B. A salesman.C. A manager.D. A teacher.8.A. A library.B. A restaurant.C. A bookstore.D. A coffee shop.Part 1 Short conversations (每小题: 1 分; 满分：8 分) (In the case of True/False type of questions, A stands for True and B for False, or A for Y, B for N and C for NG.) 小题得分对错学生答案Correct1.1A (To be shown in 1 day.) 2.1D (To be shown in 1 day.) 3.0C (To be shown in 1 day.) 4.1A (To be shown in 1 day.) 5.1D (To be shown in 1 day.) 6.0C (To be shown in 1 day.) 7.1D (To be shown in 1 day.) 8.1C (To be shown in 1 day.) Part 2 Long conversations(每小题：1 分)Directions: In this section you will hear a long conversation or conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the same conversation.1.A. Thanksgiving dinner.B. Thanksgiving traditions.C. New life in New York.D. The turkey and fixings.2.A. The last Tuesday in December.B. The last Tuesday in November.C. The last Thursday in December.D. The last Thursday in November.3.A. Sweet potatoes.B. Cranberry sauce.C. Turnips.D. Cheese.Part 2 Long conversations (每小题: 1 分; 满分：3 分) (In the case of True/False type of questions, A stands for True and B for False, or A for Y, B for N and C for NG.) 小题得分对错学生答案Correct1.1B (To be shown in 1 day.) 2.1D (To be shown in 1 day.) 3.1D (To be shown in 1 day.) Part 3 Understanding Passages(每小题：1 分)Directions: In this section you will hear a passage or passages. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the same passage.1.A. About 17.B. About 15.C. About 50.D. About 10.2.A. Germany.B. China.C. The USA.D. The UK.3.A. Mr. Tony Buzan is the founder of the World Memory Championship.B. The company INTELNACOM is the founder of the World Memory Championship.C. The World Memory Champion in 2007 was a German.D. The Bronze Medal Winner in 2008 was a German.Part 3 Understanding Passages (每小题: 1 分; 满分：3 分) (In the case of True/False type of questions, A stands for True and B for False, or A for Y, B for N and C for NG.) 小题得分对错学生答案Correct1.1C (To be shown in 1 day.) 2.0C (To be shown in 1 day.) 3.1B Part 4 Compound Dictation(每小题：1 分)Directions: In this section you will hear a passage or passages three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the information you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Questions 1 to 11 are based on the same passage.Eye contact binds together speakers and their audiences. When you speak, your eyes involve your listeners in your (1). The proverb The eyes are the mirror of the soul underlines the need for you to (2) people with your eyes, as well as your words. Only by looking at your listeners as individuals can you convince them that you are (3) and are interested in them, and that you care whether they accept your message. How to use your eyes (4)? First, establish a personal bond with listeners. You do this by selecting one person and talking to him or her personally. (5) eye contact with that person long enough to establish a visual bond (about 5 to 10 seconds). Then (6) your gaze to another person. In a small group, this is relatively easy to do. But, if youre (7) hundreds or thousands of people, its impossible. What you can do is to pick out one or two individuals in each section of the room and establish personal bonds with them. Then each listener will get the (8) youre talking directly to him or her.Second, monitor visual feedback. (9). Use your eyes to actively seek out this valuable feedback. (10). Their reasons may include one or more of these factors: They may not be able to hear you; they may be bored; they may be puzzled; maybe you have food on your clothes. You can act according to the situation. (11). Youre doing a great job!Part 4 Compound Dictation (每小题: 1 分; 满分：11 分) 小题得分对错学生答案Correct1.1presentation (To be shown in 1 day.) 2.1convince (To be shown in 1 day.) 3.1sincere (To be shown in 1 day.) 4.1effectively (To be shown in 1 day.) 5.1Maintain (To be shown in 1 day.) 6.1shift (To be shown in 1 day.) 7.1addressing (To be shown in 1 day.) 8.1impression (To be shown in 1 day.) 9.1While you are talking, your listeners are responding with their own non-verbal messages (To be shown in 1 day.) 10.1If individuals arent looking at you, they may not be listening either (To be shown in 1 day.) 11.1On the other hand, if your listeners faces indicate pleasure, interest and close attention, dont change a thing Part 5 Fast reading(每小题：1 分)Directions: Read the following passage or passages and then answer the questions. There may be two types of questions for Questions 1-7 in each passage. 1) choose Y (YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage, choose N (NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage, choose NG (NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage; or 2) choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Questions 1 to 10 are based on the same passage. How Vegetarians WorkVegetarianism (素食主义) seems more popular than ever. About 8 million Americans consider themselves vegetarians, and an increasing number of them are young people. There are many reasons why people choose a vegetarian lifestyle, including health concerns and love for animals. Whatever the reason, their numbers are surprisingly high, especially for girls. The American Dietetic Association estimates that an amazing 11 percent of girls, aged 13 to 17, have given up meat and meat products. Children and teenagers declare themselves vegetarian to claim dietary independence from their parents. But although vegetarianism is popular, sometimes rebellious and decidedly modern, its actually one of the earliest diets. Some cultures have survived without meat for millennia. Socrates, Plato, Leonardo da Vinci, Charles Darwin and Thomas Edison were all vegetarians. The vegetarian dietThe vegetarian diet is straightforward enough: Vegetarians do not eat meat. Some people who avoid beef and pork but still eat chicken or fish mistakenly consider themselves vegetarians. Although vegetarianism has different degrees, the diets core principle is keeping away from all meat. Most vegetarians are lacto-ovo-vegetariansthey do not eat meat but they allow dairy products and eggs. Vegans take basic vegetarianism several steps further. Instead of avoiding fish and meat, vegans dont eat, wear or use any animal products. This means no eggs or dairy, no honey, no leather, fur, wool or silk, and no cosmetics or chemicals tested on animals.The Vegan Society recommends healthy servings of vegetables, fruits, grains, legumes, oils and fortified nondairy products like soy milk. Some vegans also eat tempeh, tofu or seitan. Vegans also take supplements of vitamin B12, vitamin D and calcium to make up for any dietary deficiencies. Ethnic cookings growing popularity has also opened up a world of new vegetarian foods to vegetarians and meat-eaters alike. Middle Eastern, North African, Indian and Asian foods are often vegetarian or easily can be made so.Reasons for vegetarianismVegetarianism has become a popular health diet. Vegetarian favorites like fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes are low in fat and cholesterol (胆固醇) and rich in fiber, vitamins C and E. The American Dietetic Association even reports that vegetarians have lower blood pressure, cholesterol and body mass indexes than non-vegetarians. Of course, no diet is automatically healthy. Vegetarians must make sure they take in enough protein, calcium and vitamin B12 without overindulging in fatty, high-calorie foods like cheese.People usually try not to think about where their meat comes from. It can be unpleasant to imagine your hamburger as a wide-eyed cow in the pasture, let alone as an unhealthy animal in a cramped factory farm. But for many vegetarians, they often feel morally unable to eat animals killed for their meat. Vegans take their ethical objections a step further and refuse to eat dairy or eggs from animals that they believe have led unnaturally short and unhappy lives. Some of vegetarianisms ethical concerns have spread to the mainstream. Even steadfast meat-eaters often like the idea of free-range chicken or cage-free eggsanimal husbandry techniques that promise a more compassionate alternative to traditional factory farming.Vegetarians have long chosen the diet for ethical reasons. The first regular vegetarians began the diet after philosophical awakenings in the Eastern Mediterranean region and India.The philosopher Pythagoras of Samos (530 BC) taught vegetarianism to his followers. Pythagoras believed that because we are related to animals, we should treat them with kindness. Many other famous philosophers agreedPlato, Epicurus and Plutarch condemned animal sacrifice and avoided eating meat. In India, the Buddhist religions teach that humans should not kill living creatures for food. Although Buddhism later declined in India, vegetarianism remained and spread among people. Many upper classes and some lower classes adopted the virtue of harmlessness, which forbade hurting living things. The modern vegetarian movementToday vegetarianism is trendy25 percent of adolescents even think its cool. The success of vegetarian cosmetics and vegetarian foods like veggie dogs and tofurkey is a testament to the diets popularity. Groups that promote vegetarianism and animal rights, like the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) and People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), have tremendous lobbying (游说) power with major companies. But vegetarianism hasnt always been so generally accepted, nor has it always been linked with the animal-rights movement. In 17th- and 18th-century Europe, some Protestant groups embraced vegetarianism as a way to be sinless. By the 19th century, European and North American vegetarianism had become a fringe (外围的) health movement. Modern organized vegetarianism began with the formation of the Vegetarian Society in 1847 by the Bible Christian Sect of England. Within a year, the Society had 478 members. It wasnt until the mid-20th century that vegetarianism partnered with animal rights movement. Americas most notorious animal rights organization, PETA, vigorously protests against all meat, animal products and animal testing. It is best-known for its bold ad campaigns. The HSUS takes a less strict approach. It accepts that people will eat meat and focuses instead on reducing meat consumption, replacing animal products and improving farming techniques. Both PETA and the HSUS, however, are powerful political machines: They hold stock in companies like Tyson, Wal-Mart, McDonalds and Smithfields. The modern vegetarian movement is getting ever more powerful. 1.Who are most enthusiastic about becoming a vegetarian in America now?A. Males falling ill always.B. Females aging 13 to 17.C. People owning pets at home.D. Males in their early twenties.2.It turns out that vegetarianism can date back as far as _.A. thousands of years agoB. a thousand years agoC. centuries agoD. one century ago3.Which of the following group can be counted as vegetarians?A. People who dont eat any kinds of meat.B. People who dislike pork and milk.C. People who eat beef only.D. People who eat fish instead of red meat.4.Unlike lacto-ovo-vegetarians, vegans avoid consuming _.A. vitamins and calciumB. tofu and grainsC. milk products and eggsD. soy milk and fruits5.What advantages does vegetarianism have over non-vegetarians according to the American Dietetic Association?A. Lower pressure and cholesterol.B. Higher level of vitamin absorption.C. Less demand of calcium.D. Healthier state of mind.6.Vegetarians influence meat-eaters by claiming that _.A. chickens have the right to live freelyB. animals should be better taken care ofC. traditional factory farming should spreadD. ethical concerns should be neglected7.According to Pythagoras, human beings _.A. should forbid animal sacrificeB. become crueler when killing animalsC. should be kind to each otherD. have a certain relationship with other animals8.In India, people from different classes regard hurting the lives of creatures as against .9.The founding of the Vegetarian Society symbolized the start of .10.PETA was extremely strict in that it forbade .Part 5 Fast reading (每小题: 1 分; 满分：10 分) (In the case of True/False type of questions, A stands for True and B for False, or A for Y, B for N and C for NG.) 小题得分对错学生答案Correct1.1B (To be shown in 1 day.) 2.0C (To be shown in 1 day.) 3.1A (To be shown in 1 day.) 4.1C (To be shown in 1 day.) 5.1A (To be shown in 1 day.) 6.0D (To be shown in 1 day.) 7.1D (To be shown in 1 day.) 8.0forbiding hurting living things (To be shown in 1 day.) 9.0Modern organized vegetarianism (To be shown in 1 day.) 10.0all meat, animal products and animal testing (To be shown in 1 day.) Part 6 Multiple choices(每小题：1 分)Directions: Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the same passage.Irish food is generally highly meat-orientated, and you dont have to be a vegetarian to find this. For carnivores (食肉者), meat in Ireland is generally of a good standard steaks, in particular are excellentbut after a while you begin to long for some variety in your diet and for something which hasnt been fried.If youre staying in B&Bs, its almost impossible to avoid the traditional Irish breakfast of sausages, bacon and eggs, which usually comes accompanied by generous quantities of delicious soda bread. Lunch staples are usually meat and two vegetables, with plenty of gravy (酱汁), although you can usually get freshly made sandwiches; home-made soups can be very good too. Most larger towns have good simple coffee shops (open daytimes only) where you can get soup, sandwiches, cakes and the omnipresent apple pie as well as slightly more ambitious and filling dishes. In the North, in particular, expect enormous portions of meat and thoroughly overcooked vegetables that will ground you for the rest of the afternoon. Its worth remembering that hotels are obliged to offer food to all comers so you can always find a sandwich and a cup of coffee, at any reasonable hour; you can generally order a plate of sandwiches and a pot of tea in pubs, too. Many traditional Irish dishes are based on potato and you certainly do get an awful lot of them. Produce available in Ireland is usually fresh and excellent, but aside from in the cities and some tourist towns on the west coast it is limited in range (you wont find exotic fruits and vegetables, for instance). Irish potatoes, cabbages and carrots are delicious, though surprisingly hard to buy in rural areas, where the population may be too small to support even a grocers shop. Meat is very good, bread and scones are wonderful, and if youre travelling around the coast, you can often buy seafood cheaply direct from the fishermen. Sometimes youll come across more unusual things in this way spider crabs and monkfish, for example that you would never find in local fish shops; its all exported. In many places you can gather your own mussels from the rocks but be sure to check locally in case theres a sewage outlet nearby.Dairy products, especially cheese, can also be excellent. The past decade has seen an upturn in the Irish cheese business, which now produces