英语中级阅读课文+翻译.doc

1.George Washington1. I am again called upon by the voice of my country to execute the functions of its Chief Magistrate. 我再度奉祖国人民的召唤，履行总统职责。When the occasion proper for it shall arrive, I shall endeavor to express the high sense I entertain 当今天这样一个合适的机会到来之际，我必须设法将这种激动的心情表达出来。of this distinguished honor, 这份殊荣，and of the confidence which has been reposed in me by the people of United America.以及全体美国人民寄予我的信任，使我不禁心潮澎湃。2. Previous to the execution of any official act of the President 总统在正式行使职权之前，the Constitution requires an oath of office. 根据宪法的要求，应当进行就职宣誓。This oath I am now about to take,在此，我谨立下以下誓言and in your presence: 当着各位的面： That if it shall be found during my administration of the Government在我执掌政府期间， I have in any instance violated willingly or knowingly the injunctions thereof, 倘若发现有任何企图或故意触犯法律的行为，I may (besides incurring constitutional punishment除了承受宪法的惩处之外，) be subject to the upbraidings of all who are now witnesses of the present solemn ceremony.我还甘愿接受今天所有亲临这一庄严仪式的人们的谴责。” 2.Abraham Lincoln1. At this second appearing to take the oath of the Presidential office在这第二次的宣誓就职典礼中， there is less occasion for an extended address than there was at the first. 不像第一次就职的时候那样需要发表长篇演说。Then a statement somewhat in detail of a course to be pursued seemed fitting and proper. 在那个时候，对于当时所要遵循的行动方针多少作比较详细的说明，似乎是适当的。Now, at the expiration of four years, 现在四年任期已满，during which public declarations have been constantly called forth on every point and phase of the great contest 在这段战争期间的每个重要时刻和阶段都经常发布公示which still absorbs the attention and engrosses the energies of the nation, 这个战争至今仍为举国所关注，并消耗了国人的许多精力，little that is new could be presented. 所以现在很少有什么新的发展可以奉告。The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, 我们的军事进展，是一切其它问题的关键所在，is as well known to the public as to myself, 各界人士对此情形跟我是一样熟悉的，and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and encouraging to all. 而我相信进展的情况，可以使我们全体人民有理由感到满意和鼓舞。With high hope for the future, 既然可以对将来寄予极大的希望，no prediction in regard to it is ventured.那么我们也就用不着在这一方面作什么预测了。2. On the occasion corresponding to this four years ago 在四年前同样的场合下，all thoughts were anxiously directed to an impending civil war. 所有的人都焦虑地关注着一场即将来临的内战。All dreaded it, all sought to avert it. 大家害怕它，想尽了方法去避免它。While the inaugural address was being delivered from this place, 当时我正在这里作就职演说，devoted altogether to saving the Union without war,竭尽全力想不用战争方法而能保存联邦，insurgent agents were in the city seeking to destroy it without war然而本城的反叛分子们却设法不用战争而破坏联邦seeking to dissolve the Union他们力图瓦解联邦，and divide effects by negotiation. 并以谈判的方法来分割各方势力。Both parties deprecated war, 双方都声称反对战争，but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive, 可是有一方宁愿打仗而不愿让国家生存，and the other would accept war rather than let it perish,另一方则宁可接受这场战争，而不愿国家灭亡，and the war came.于是战争就来临了。3.Theodore Roosevelt7. “I am profoundly moved and touched 我深深地感动by the signal honor shown me through your body in conferring upon me the Nobel Peace Prize. 对于贵评委会授予我诺贝尔和平奖这样一份巨大的荣誉。There is no gift I could appreciate more 没有比这更让我感怀的礼物了，and I wish it were in my power fully to express my gratitude. 为此我要尽我的所有力量表达我的感激之请。I thank you for it, and I thank you on behalf of the United States;我要感谢你们，同时也代表美国感谢你们， for what I did, 因为对于我所做的一切，I was able to accomplish 我所取得的一切，only as the representative of the nation of which, 都是只有在代表这个国家的时候，for the time being, I am president.就目前来说，作为它的总统，才能实现。8. After much thought, 我想了很多，I have concluded that the best and most fitting way to apply the amount of the prize 我现在决定使用这笔奖金的最好也是最合适的办法is by using it as a foundation to establish at Washington a permanent industrial peace committee. 就是作为设立在华盛顿的永久工业和平委员会的基金会。The object will be to strive for better and more equitable relations among my countrymen who are engaged, 他的目标是为我的同胞国人，争取一个更好，更平等的关系。whether as capitalists or as wage workers, 无论你是资本家还是工薪阶级的工人，in industrial and agricultural pursuits. 处在工业和农业生产中This will carry out the purpose of the founder of the prize,这也将实现这个奖项创立者的目标， for in modern life因为在现代生活中， it is as important to work for the cause of just and righteous peace in the industrial world as in the world of nations. 争取一个工业世界中的公正和正义的和平，与在世界范围内的和平事业，是同等重要的。9. I again express to you the assurance of my deep and lasting gratitude and appreciations.我再一次地表达我诚挚的深深的长久的感谢！4.Franklin D. Roosevelt1. Mr. Chief Justice, Mr. Vice President, my friends, 首席大法官先生、副总统先生、朋友们：you will understand and, I believe, agree with my wish 你们会理解，而且我相信也会赞同我的愿望，that the form of this inauguration be simple and its words brief. 把这次就职典礼办成一个简简单单的仪式，而我则只发表一个简短的演说。2. We Americans of today, together with our allies, 我们今天的美国人和我们的盟友一道，are passing through a period of supreme test. 正经历一个最为严峻的考验时期。It is a test of our courageof our resolveof our wisdomour essential democracy.这是一次对我们的勇气、决心和智慧的考验，也是一次对我们根本性的民主制度的考验。3. If we meet that testsuccessfully and honorably我们若能成功而光荣地经受住这次考验，we shall perform a service of historic importance那我们就可以完成具有重要历史意义的使命，which men and women and children will honor throughout all time.受到人民世世代代的纪念。4. As I stand here today, 今天，我伫立于此，having taken the solemn oath of office 进行了庄严的就职宣誓in the presence of my fellow countrymen在我国同胞的面前，in the presence of our God在我们上帝的面前，I know that it is Americas purpose that we shall not fail.当此之际，我深知美国的目标要求我们决不能失败。5. In the days and in the years that are to come 在未来的岁月里，we shall work for a just and honorable peace, 我们要致力于建设一种公正而光荣的和平，a durable peace, 建设一种持久的和平，as today we work and fight for total victory in war.像我们今天正在为战争的彻底胜利而工作和战斗一样。6. We can and we will achieve such a peace.我们能够而且必将获得这样一种和平。7. We shall strive for perfection. 我们要为完美的局面而奋斗。We shall not achieve it immediately我们不会马上达到目标，but we still shall strive.但我们仍要为之奋斗。We may make mistakes我们也许会犯下错误，-but they must never be mistakes which result from faintness of heart or abandonment of moral principle.但我们决不能因为丧失意志和抛弃道义原则而犯错误。8. I remember that我记得，my old schoolmaster, Dr. Peabody, said,我们的老校长皮博迪博士说过 in days that seemed to us then to be secure and untroubled在我们似乎感到安稳无忧的日子里，: Things in life will not always run smoothly. 生活中的事情并不总是一帆风顺的。Sometimes we will be rising toward the heights有时我们眼看就要登上顶峰，then all will seem to reverse itself 可是情况似乎很快急转直下，and start downward. 又开始走下坡路了。The great fact to remember is that 但我们要牢记一个重要事实：the trend of civilization itself is forever upward; 文明本身的趋向永远是向上的，that a line drawn through the middle of the peaks and the valleys of the centuries 如果从数个世纪的高峰和低谷之间划出的中线来看，always has an upward trend. 这条线一直都是呈上升趋势的。”9. Our Constitution of 1787 was not a perfect instrument; 我们1787年的宪法并不是一份完美无缺的文献，it is not perfect yet. 而且它至今仍未尽善尽美。But it provided a firm base 但它却提供了一个坚实的基础，upon which all manner of men, of all races and colors and creeds, could build our solid structure of democracy.供不同种族、不同肤色、不同信仰的各式各样的人们来建立一个牢固的民主大厦。 10. And so today, 因此，在今天，in this year of war, 1945, 在1945年这个战争的年头，we have learned lessonsat a fearful cost我们用可怕的代价换取了若干教训，and we shall profit by them.我们会从中获益不浅。11. We have learned that we cannot live alone, at peace; 我们懂得，单凭我们自己是无法生活在和平之中的，that our own well-being is dependent on the well-being of other nations far away.我们自己的富足有赖于相距遥远的其他国家的富足。We have learned that we must live as men, 我们懂得，我们必须像人一样生活，not as ostriches, nor as dogs in the manger.而不是作为鸵鸟，或是马槽里的狗。12. We have learned to be citizens of the world, 我们懂得了要做世界的公民，members of the human community.要成为整个人类社会的成员。13. We have learned the simple truth, 我们懂得了一个简单的真理，as Emerson said, that也就是爱默生所说的：The only way to have a friend is to be one.只有当朋友，才能交朋友。 We can gain no lasting peace if we approach it with suspicion and mistrust or with fear . 我们在谋求和平时，如果疑虑重重、互不信任和心怀畏惧，也就不能获得持久的和平。14. We can gain it 我们才能获得持久的和平。only if we proceed with the understanding, the confidence, and the courage which flow from conviction.只有满怀来自于信念的理解、信任和勇气而走向和平，15. The Almighty God has blessed our land in many ways. 全能的上帝一直以各种方式赐福于我们的国家。He has given our people stout hearts and strong arms 他赋予我们的人民坚强的意志和有力的双手，with which to strike mighty blows for freedom and truth. 用以为自由和真理而打退各种强大的进攻。He has given to our country a faith 他赋予我们的国家一种信仰，which has become the hope of all peoples in an anguished world.在一个苦难深重的世界里，这种信仰已成为各国人民的希望。16. So we pray to Him now 因此，我们现在向上帝祈祷，for the vision to see our way clearly祈求它赐给我们远见，让我们看清我们的道路to see the way that leads to a better life for ourselves and for all our fellow men一条使我们自己和全人类通向更加美好的生活的道路to the achievement of His will to peace on earth.一条通往实现上帝意愿和世界和平的道路。5.Lyndon Baines Jonhnson1. It is a great pleasure to be here today. This university has been coeducational since 1870, but I do not believe it was on the basis of your accomplishments that a Detroit high school girl said (and I quote), “In choosing a college, you first have to decide whether you want a coeducational school or educational school.” 今天很高兴来到这里。这个大学从1870年以来一直是男女合校的，但是当我引用一个来自底特律的高中女生的话说:“在选择大学的时候，你首先要确定你想要的是一个男女合校的还是注重教育的大学”时，我想她一定不是以贵校所取得的成就作为她考虑的基础的。Well, we can find both here at Michigan, although perhaps at different hours. I came out here today very anxious to meet the Michigan student whose father told a friend of mine that his sons education had been a real value. It stopped his mother from bragging about him.当然，我们在密歇根大学能同时发现男女合校和注重教育这两个特点，虽然可能是在不同的时候。我今天来也非常想要见一位密歇根大学的学生，他的父亲告诉我的一个朋友说，他儿子得到的教育是货真价实的，连孩子的母亲也不再吹嘘自己的儿子了。2. I have come today from the turmoil of your capital to the tranquility of your campus to speak about the future of your country. 我今天从喧嚣的首都来到你们宁静的校园，和你们谈谈这个国家的未来。The purpose of protecting the life of our Nation and preserving the liberty of our citizens is to pursue the happiness of our people. 保护国人的生命以及捍卫公民的自由的目的是为了让人民追求幸福。Our success in that pursuit is the test of our success as a Nation . 我们追求幸福上的成功就是对我们作为一个国家的成功的检验。3. For a century we labored to settle and to subdue a continent. 我们花了一个世纪的时间辛勤劳动，以便在这块大陆上安居立业并征服这个大陆。For half a century we called upon unbounded invention and untiring industry to create an order of plenty for all of our people. 我们继而又花了半个世纪的时间不断发明创造、勤奋不懈地工作，以便为我们全体人民创造一个富裕的社会。The challenge of the next half century is whether we have the wisdom to use that wealth to enrich and elevate our national life, and to advance the quality of our American civilization.今后半个世纪的挑战在于，我们能否利用这些财富来丰富和提高我们的国民生活并改善美国社会文明的质量。4. Your imagination and your initiative and your indignation will determine whether we build a society where progress is the servant of our needs, or a society where old values and new visions are buried under unbridled growth. 我们是建立一个以进步服务于人民需求的社会呢，还是建立一个传统价值和新知灼见被脱缰的增长所掩埋的社会，这取决于你们的想象力、你们的主创性和你们的奋发意气。For in your time we have the opportunity to move not only toward the rich society and the powerful society, but upward to the Great Society. 因为你们这一时代为你们提供了机会，使你们不仅可以向前进入一个富裕和强大社会，而且可以向上迈入一个伟大的社会。5. The Great Society rests on abundance and liberty for all. 一个伟大的社会以全体人民的富足和自由为基石。It demands an end to poverty and racial injustice, to which we are totally committed in our time. 它要求消灭贫穷和种族不公正，这是我们这一代人全力以赴的一项任务。But that is just the beginning.但这仅仅是一个开端。 6. The Great Society is a place where every child can find knowledge to enrich his mind and to enlarge his talents. 在一个伟大的社会里，每一个孩子都能获取知识以丰富头脑，增长才干。It is a place where leisure is a welcome chance to build and reflect, not a feared cause of boredom and restlessness. 在那里，闲暇时间受人欢迎，可以用来充实自己或静思反省，而不会成为无聊和烦躁的可怕诱因。It is a place where the city of man serves not only the needs of the body and the demands of commerce but the desire for beauty and the hunger for community. 在那里，城市不仅为人们的物质需求和商业要求服务，而且也为满足人们对美的渴望和对社会交往的迫切愿望服务。It is a place where man can renew contact with nature.在那样一个社会里，人可以重新接近自然。 It is a place which honors creation for its own sake and for what is adds to the understanding of the race. 这一社会崇尚创造本身及创造对了解人类所能做出的贡献。It is a place where men are more concerned with the quality of their goals than the quantity of their goods. 那里的人们更关心他们所向往的人生目标的意义而不是其拥有的物质数量。7. But most of all, the Great Society is not a safe harbor, a resting place, a final objective, a finished work.但是最主要的，伟大的社会不是一个安全的港湾，一个休息的地方，一个终极目标，一项完成了的工作。 It is a challenge constantly renewed, beckoning us toward a destiny where the meaning of our lives matches the marvelous products of our labor.它是一个不断更新的挑战，吸引着我们向着我们的命运前进，在那里，我们生命的意义和我们精彩的劳动的成果是相匹配的。8. So I want to talk to you today about three places where we begin to build the Great Society in our countryside, and in our classrooms.因此，今天我想和你们谈谈我们可以从三个地方开始建设我们伟大的社会 我们的城市，我们的农村，和我们的教室。 9. Many of you will live to see the day, perhaps 50 years from now, when there will be 400 million Americans four-fifths of them in urban areas.你们中的许多人会活着看到这一天，可能是50年以后，那时候美国将有4亿人其中五分之四在城市地区。 In the remainder of this century urban population will double, city land will double, and we will have to build homes and highways and facilities equal to all those built since this country was first settled.在这个世纪剩余的时间里，城市的人口将翻倍，城市的土地将翻倍，我们要建造的房屋、高速公路和设施，将和我们这个国家自从初次在此定居以来所造的一样多。 So in the next 40 years we must re-build the entire urban United States. 因此在未来40年里我们必需重建美国的整个城市系统。10. Aristotle said: “Men come together in cities in order to live, but they remain together in order to live the good life.”亚里士多德说：“人类一起进城是为了生存，但一起留在城里却是为了美好的生活。” It is harder and harder to live the good life in American cities today. 现在在美国的城市里越来越难过上美好的生活了。The catalog of ills is long: there is the decay of the centers and the despoiling of the suburbs. There is not enough housing for our people or transportation for our traffic.社会弊病的目录那么长：到处都看到城市的衰败和对市郊的掠夺。人民没有足够的住房，交通没有足够的运输力。 Open land is vanishing and old landmarks are violated. 开阔地带正在消失，标志性的建筑被破坏。Worst of all expansion is eroding these precious and time honored values of community with neighbors and communion with nature.最糟糕的是这样的扩张正在侵蚀这些宝贵的历史悠久的价值观。 The loss of these values breeds loneliness and boredom and indifference. 这些与邻里组成社区，与自然相交融的价值观的消失，滋生出的是孤独，无聊和冷漠。11. And our society will never be great until our cities are great.只有我们的城市伟大了我们的社会才会伟大。 Today the frontier of imagination and innovation is inside those cities and not beyond their borders. 现在，想象和发明所及仍局限于城市内，还没有跨越城界。新的试验正在展开。New experiments are already going on. It will be the task of your generation to make the American city a place where future generations will come, not only to live, but to live the good life.这是你们这代人的任务，让美国的城市成为子孙后代都会到来的地方，不仅为了生存，更是为了美好的生活。 And I understand that if I stayed here tonight I would see that Michigan students are really doing their best to live the good life. 我相信如果我今天晚上一直待在这里的话，我将会看到密歇根的学子们正在为过上美好的生活尽他们最大的努力。12. This is the place where the Peace Corps was started. 这里是和平护卫队开始的地方。13. It is inspiring to see how all of you, while you are in this country, are trying so hard to live at the level of the people. 看到你们所有人在这个国家，如此努力地和人民生活在同一个水平上，同心同德，这真是振奋人心的。14. A second place where we begin to build the Great Society is in our countryside.我们开始建设伟大社会的第二个地方是我们的农村。 We have always prided ourselves on being not only America the strong and America the free, but America the beautiful. 我们总是深感自豪，不仅因为美国的强大和自由，更是因为美国的美丽。Today that beauty is in danger. 现如今这种美丽正处在危险中。The water we drink, the food we eat, the very air that we breathe, are threatened with pollution.我们所喝的水、所吃的食物以及呼吸的空气都面临污染威胁。 Our parks are overcrowded, our seashores overburdened. Green fields and dense forests are disappearing.我们的公园过于拥挤，海滩不堪重负，绿地和密林正在消失。15. A few years ago we were greatly concerned about the “Ugly American”. Today we must act to prevent an ugly America. 几年前，我们极为担忧的是“丑陋的美国人”。今天，我们必须采取行动以防出现一个丑陋的美国。16. For once the battle is lost, once our natural splendor is destroyed, it can never be recaptured. 因为一旦我们在这场拯救战中失败，一旦我们的自然美景被毁，它就再也不能恢复。And once man can no longer walk with beauty or wonder at nature his spirit will wither and his sustenance be wasted.而且，一旦人们不再能够漫步于秀色大地，不再能惊叹于自然，那么，人们将精神枯萎，虚度时光。17. A third place to build the Great Society is in the classrooms of America.建设伟大社会的第三个地方就是美国的教室。 There your childrens lives will be shaped.那里是塑造你们孩子的人生的地方。 Our society will not be great until every young mind is set free to scan the farthest reaches of thought and imagination. 只有当每一个年轻人都能在思维和想象的王国里自由翱翔，我们的社会才能成为一个伟大的社会。We are still far from the goal. 我们离这一目标还相差甚远。Today, 8 million adult Americans, more than the entire population of Michigan, have nit finished 5 years of school. Nearly 20 million have not finished 8 years of school. 目前，全美有800万成年人，也就是比整个密歇根州人口还多的美国人未上完5年学（小学）。Nearly 54 million more than one quarter of all America have not even finished high school. 近2,000万人未完成8年学习（初中），甚至有近5,400万人即超过总人口1/4的美国人未上完高中。18. Each year more than 100,000 high school graduates, with proved ability, do not enter college because they cannot afford it. 每年有超过10万高中毕业生，即使证明是有能力的，却因为付不起学费而没能如愿进大学。And if we cannot educate todays youth, what will we do in 1970 when elementary school enrollment will be 5 million greater than 1960?如果我们不能让现在的年轻人受教育，那么到1970年我们该怎么办呢？到那时，小学的入学人数比1960年多出500万，. And high school enrollment will rise by 5 milion. And college enrollment will increase by more than 3 million. 高中的入学人数也要增长500万，而大学的入学人数则会提高超过300万。19. In many places, classrooms are overcrowded and curricula are outdated.许多地方的教室过于拥挤，课程已经过时。 Most of our qualified teachers are underpaid and many of our paid teachers are unqualified. 大多数称职教师薪水不足，而同时却有许多教师虽然拿了薪水，却不称职。So we must give every child a place to sit and a teacher to learn from. Poverty must not be a bar to learning, and learning must offer an escape from poverty. 贫困不应成为学习的障碍，而学习则应该为脱贫提供机会。20.But more classrooms and more teachers are not enough. 但是更多的教室和老师是不够的。We must seek an educational system which grows in excellence as it grows in size. 我们必须寻求一种教育体系，既有量的增长又有质的提高。This means better training for our teachers. 这意味着对教师进行更好的培训。It means preparing youth to enjoy their hours of leisure as well as their hours of lanor. 这意味着让年轻人既能够享受长期的闲暇，又能耐得住长期的辛劳。It means exploring new techniques of teaching, to find new ways to stimulate the love of learning and the capacity for creation. 这意味着要开发新的教学方法，找到新的方法激发出对学习的热爱和创造的能力。21. These are three of the central issues of the Great