美英报刊阅读教程考点总结

一、 新闻杂志篇。英国报纸：英国杂志：The Times 泰晤士报The Daily Telegraph 每日电讯报The Sun 太阳报The Guardian 卫报The Observer观察家报 The Economist 经济学家 Nature 自然 The Spectator 旁观者美国报纸：美国期刊：USA Today（发行最大）The Christian Science MonitorThe New York Times（National edition o f the New York Times ）Washington PostThe Los Angeles TimesThe Wall Street JournalTime(发行量最大，最受欢迎)Newsweek U.S. News and World ReportReaders Digest 读者文摘Business Week 商业周刊The National Geographic Magazine纽约时报、华盛顿邮报、洛杉矶时报是当今美国最有影响的3大报纸二、填空。1、报刊内容（1）新闻英语特色a.新闻刊物,方式分：newspaper，newsmagazine，electronic newspaper, electronic magazine.时间分：day newspaper, morning newspaper, evening newspaper, semiweekly, weekly, biweekly,.区域分：metropolitan newspaper, suburban newspaper, rural newspaper.内容分：quality newspaper, tabloid.类型分：straight news report, interpretative report, investigative report, precision report, feature, editorial, letters to the editor, advertisement.b.制约新闻刊物的五大因素：pubicness, economy, interest, timeliness, objectivity. （2）标题句式Omission/ Ellipsis: articles, Personal pronouns, link words, auxiliary verbs with passive voice, progressive tense.a. the articles in Noun Attribute b. comma represents link word -andc. colon represents words expressing what you say.d. colon represents link words and other verbs.（3）新闻标题结构 按所占栏数分：one-column headline, two-column headline; 按标题的内容层次分：one-deck headline, two-deck headline, four-deck headline. （4）解释性报导结构 不仅仅提供新闻事实，还剖析原因，讨论影响，揭示本质，展望趋势。（5）标题常用符号Comma, semicolon, question mark, Exclamation mark, quotes, colon.（6）新闻报道引语借助说意动词/名词，说话态度的形容词，介词短语，上下文，与间接引语结构混合使用，Inexplicit Quotation (含糊引语)。（7）外刊与文化2. 著名报刊知识英国-发行量第一的报纸，太阳报 最古老的报纸，泰晤士报美国销量最大的报纸，今日美国美国的三大新闻周刊，时代（发行量最大的杂志），新闻周刊，美国新闻与世界报道。3、a. 修辞手法借代、 b. shortenings首字母缩略分首字母缩写词和首字母缩拼词c. clippings d. compounds e. loan words三、 短语/术语翻译2. international equities 国际股票mutual fund 共有基金，共同基金 bull market & bear market 牛市与熊市booming stock market 繁荣的证券市场 financial literacy 理财能力financial well-being 经济利益 be shape by =be molded into 被塑造be classified as 被归类为 self-sacrificing and frugal自我牺牲和节约side effect 副效应 formative years （性格）形成时期be molded into 形成，铸成 in the wake of 紧跟着的savings-and-loan debacle 存贷危机 recession of 的衰退depression 大萧条 child of divorce 单亲儿童so-called 所谓的 catchkey kids 挂着钥匙的小孩Lean Cuisines 低脂餐National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation (NASDAQ) 科技股booming stock market 繁荣的股票市场securities 证券 share 股票 bond公债 fund 基金 broker 经纪人take risks on 在方面上冒险 stick with 紧随；继续从事commission 佣金 cyberinvestor 网络投资者Instanttext message 短信 Surf the Internet 冲浪，上网figure out 想出，理解， dismiss sb/sth（as sth） 对.不予理会或不屑一提slacker 懒虫 be branded as 被称为 be written off 注销，报废，被当作 move to 移至pragmatism 实用主义 fiscal habit 理财习惯buying power 购买力 focus on 聚焦于bottom line 底线 survival instinct 生存本能fend for 维护，挡开，避开 financial well-being 经济利益social security system 社会保障体系 fall victim to 成为.的牺牲品kick in向里面踢进去，踢坏，（非正式）缴付. coming of age 成熟；发达；成年，满法定年龄carry debt 负债 federal grants 联邦资金，联邦拨款20-somethings 20多岁的人 saving for a rainy retirement 攒钱防老saving for a rainy day 未雨绸缪 brace for 稳固.bear little resemblance to 与.有很少的相似baby boomer 婴儿潮时期 Missionary Generation 传教士一代Lost Generation 迷惘的一代 G.I.Generation 大兵的一代Silent Generation 沉默的一代 Thirtheenth Generation 第十三代Millennial Generation 千年代fresh out of /from 刚从.来，刚有过（某一经历）bachelors degree 学士学位growth funds 增长基金 bond funds 债券基金beat-up adj. 在坏的条件下 blue chip n. 蓝筹股（稳而值钱的股票）generation X/GenX/Xer 指20世纪60年代到70年代出生的美国人，而这批人身上有着不同程度的不负责任，冷漠和物资主义等特点。mestic-violence 家庭暴力 selling out 背叛思想drop out 放弃 cash in 公共兑现to introduce somebody to something=to bring somebody to the knowledge ofhigh-end product 高端产品 rush headlong toward 朝奔去do it yourself 自己动手做 health insurance 健康保险，医疗保险much less 更不用说，何况 shifting economy 转型经济put down 记下，放下，平息 sell out 售完(某种货物)，脱销；出卖sky high 天价，比天高 to find oneself doing something 不知不觉.money-filled dream 金钱梦 freelance writer 自由作家savings-and-loans 借贷市场 Amex.3burn into 烙在.脑中 befoul with 染有,沾有hold back 阻碍,妨碍 square with 与一致well off 富有 single out 挑出pick on 找茬子,刁难 identity crisis 身份危机identify with认同 sweatshop 血汗工厂inure to 逼迫.习惯 fit in 适应take over 接管 strike out 创业glass ceiling 看不见的阻碍 street gangs 街帮团伙model-minority 少数模范主义 get off 免收惩罚a slap on 打一巴掌 shrug off 耸肩不在乎descend from 的后代 certificate deposit 定期存款submerge in 浸没在.中 in a pitch 挤脚in terms of 在.方面 the Population Reference Bureau.人口资料局5.compaign-finace reform 选金改革 stifle at birth 扼杀在摇篮First Amendment 第一修正案 be amended to 修订为.ACLU 美国公民自由联盟 caculated risk 成败参半的风险To this end 以此为目的 answer to 对.负责 End up in 导致9.Be keen for 渴望 bubble burst 好景破灭Economic resurgence 经济复苏 measure of domestic progress 国家发展进步值Cease to do 停止做 reference anxiety 攀比心理Textbook case 典型范例 in lockstep with与.一致Insulate against from 防护/保护. be stuck at 被困在.Big leap 大发展 in the grand scheme 从大局看At the expense of 以.为代价 the U.S. National Opinion Research CenterThe New Economics Foundation 新经济基金会10.Seven-year itch 七年之痒 scared obligation神圣的义务be preoccupied with 被占用 slip a lot 大错误no-fault divorce 非过失离婚 covenant marriage 契约婚姻11.Blast off 爆炸 be bulging with 充满着Twin peak 两个高峰期 chock-a-block：fillShelf life 货架期 go off 高升Sprout up 发芽14.NORC National Opinion Research Center Get hit with : be a victim of marginal rates 边缘税率On this score 以此为标准 defense spending 国防支出High-transfer 高福利 make for 导致Census Bureau 人口调查局 trail behind 落后sold a record 创纪录 conjure up 想变戏法一样闪过boot out 提出 bent on 致力于federal deficit 参政赤字 dichotomy 两分法OECD 经济合作与发展组织fiscal drag 经济活力衰退 bump up 迅速增长GDP11、1. The market situation of the sales in the United States is much better than ever before. Many bookstores report increases of over 30%.2. Americas bookstores offer a rich diversity of Bibles to suit peoples different needs and comprehension levels. The 270 stores in the Family Christian Stores chain might carry 200 different titles. Customers now have more choices in format, bindings, boxing and pricing. All new Bibles claim improved scholarship, better readability and more relevance.3. The advance of technology has made it possible to publish more quickly and less expensively. Therefore, it has helped to speeden new Bible production and shorten the shelf life of Bibles.4. In order to meet readers different needs, publishers produce specialty Bibles and Bibles with notes and comments.5. The initialism NIV stands for the New International Version.6. The notes and comments in the new Bible would produce the adverse effects of leading the reader off the right page theologically and remaking God in the writers own image.141. Americans transfer less money among themselves for such things as social security and welfare.2. It is the measure of “fiscal drag”the burde