同等学力英语练习第一周.docx

1、a/an art.一(个)；每一(个)；（同类事物中的）任何一个【语境】 A triangle has three sides.三角形有三条边We met once a week.我们每周见面一次。A child needs love. 儿童需要爱。 2、abandon vt. 放弃，抛弃，离弃【巧记】派生词：abandoned （a.被抛弃的，被遗弃的）abandonment （n.放弃，放任）【语境】We decided wed have to abandon ship. 我们决定弃船。The old man abandoned himself to grief. 那老人悲痛欲绝。【考点】abandon oneself to沉溺于 with abandon放任地，放纵地，纵情地 3、ability n. 能力，本领；才能，才识【巧记】反义词：inability （n.无能，无力） disability （n. 无能力，残疾）【语境】The visual ability of cats is much better than that of dogs at night. 晚上猫的视觉比狗的要好得多。Education develops potential abilities. 教育能开发人的潜能。【考点】to the best of ones ability 竭尽全力 4、able a.有能力的；有本事的，能干的【巧记】派生词：ability （n.能力）enable （v.使能够） 反义词：unable【语境】The President had to quit his job for he wasnt able to deal with the crisis. 总统因为不能处理这起危机，只好辞职。I consider him to be a very able student. 我认为他是个很能干的学生。【考点】be able to do sth.能做，会做 5、abound vi. 富于,充满【巧记】派生词：abounding （a.丰富的, 大量的） aboundingly ad. 反义词：lack【语境】In addition, Chinas offshore areas abound in seawater resources and regenerable marine energy resources.中国海域还有丰富的海水资源和海洋可再生能源。【考点】abound in/with 盛产，富于，充满 6、about prep.在周围；关于，对于ad.附近，周围，到处；大约【语境】My mother often spoke to me about you.家母常和我谈起你。She likes to walk about.她喜爱四处走走。【考点】be about to 即将(做) 7、above prep. 在之上，高于 ad. 在上面 a. 上述的【巧记】同义词：on，up，upon 反义词：below【语境】The moon is now above the trees.月亮正位于树梢上。There are snowy peaks above.上面是白雪皑皑的群峰。 8、abroad ad. 到国外，在国外；在传播，在流传【巧记】同义词：overseas反义词：home【语境】The man went abroad, leaving his wife and children to shift for themselves.那男人去了海外,留下妻子儿女自谋生计。 9、absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席，不在；缺席的时间【巧记】反义词：presence（n. 出席，到场）【语境】Please look after my house during my absence.我不在时，请帮我看房子。We must invent an excuse for our absence.我们必须为缺席编造一个借口。【考点】in the absence of 缺乏.时; 当.不在时 10、absent a. 缺席的；缺乏的，不存在的；心不在焉的【巧记】派生词：absentation（n.缺席） absently （ad.心不在焉地,茫然地）【语境】He was absent from class and he gave an incredible excuse. 他没来上课, 提出的借口令人难以置信。To preserve a friend three things are required: to honor him present, praise him absent, and assist him in his necessities.维持友谊需要三点当面尊重他，背后赞扬他，需要时帮助他。 11、absolute a. 绝对的，完全的；确实的，肯定的【巧记】派生词：absoluteness （n. 绝对, 完全, 专制）【语境】If I were president I must be given absolute power. 如果我是总统，我必须拥有绝对的权力。I have told them with absolute certainty therell be no change. 我明白无误地告诉他们不会有什么变化。【考点】by absolute necessity 万不得已 12、absorbvt. 吸收；使全神贯注，吸引的注意【巧记】派生词：absorbable （a.易被吸收的）absorbability （n.吸收，可吸收性）【语境】Plants absorb minerals and other nutrients from the soil.植物从泥土中吸收矿物质和其他养料。Plants can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.植物可以吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。【考点】be absorbed in 专心于，一心从事, 热衷于absorb sb.s attention 吸引某人注意 13、abstract a. 抽象的n. 摘要，梗概vt. 提取；摘录要点【巧记】abs-离开+tract拉从拉出抽象。 派生词：abstractly （ad.抽象地）【语境】Modern art is often rather abstract.现代艺术往往相当抽象。In the end she abstracted the most important points from her long speech.最后她从自己的长篇演说中提取出最重要的几点。 14、accelerate vt. 使加速，使增速，促进vi. 加快，增加【巧记】派生词：accelerated （a.加速的）反义词：decelerate （v.减速）【语境】The bad weather accelerated our departure.糟糕的天气促使我们早日离开。The car suddenly accelerated.汽车突然加快了速度。 15、acceptvt. 同意，认可；接受，领受【巧记】派生词：acceptable（a.可接受的）acceptability（n.可接受性） acceptance（n.接受, 认可）【语境】It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful to our health.吸烟有害健康，这是大家公认的。The police are not allowed to accept rewards.警察是不允许接受酬金的。【考点】receive , accept , take 辨析：receive只表示被动地接受；accept总表示主动而且高兴地接受；take所表示的接受包含着有人赠给之意。 16、acceptable a. 值得接受的, 可接受的【巧记】反义词：unacceptable（a.不能接受的; 不受欢迎的）【语境】Compliments are always acceptable.恭维话总是受欢迎的。We must make it clear from the very beginning that competitive quotations are acceptable. 必须一开始就讲清的是，有竞争力的报价可以接受。 17、accessn. 接近，获得（机会等）；入口通道v. 存取【语境】I cant access the file on your company because Ive forgotten the code.我无法取出贵公司的文件，因为我把代码忘了。As her private secretary he has access to all her correspondence.他是她的私人秘书，能接触到她所有的信件。【考点】have gain, get, obtain access to 接近（会见;进入;使用） 18、accommodate vt. 向提供住处；对予以照顾性考虑【巧记】派生词：accommodable （a.可适合的,可适应的）【语境】The hotel can accommodate 1,000 tourists.这家旅馆可容纳一千名游客。The bank will accommodate him with a loan.银行将向他提供一笔贷款。【考点】accommodate oneself to 使自己适应于 accommodate (sb.) with向(某人)供应提供 19、accompanyvt. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏【巧记】ac表示to + company伴随 = 陪伴，伴奏【语境】The singer was accompanied at the piano by his pupil.演唱者由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏。He was accompanied on the expedition by his wife.他那次远行有妻子陪同。【考点】accompany ，attend，escort辨析：accompany 指“与人结伴, 做伴”, 常含有彼此之间关系平等之意； attend 意为“随侍”、“随从” 等解； escort意为“以警卫等身份陪伴”, 还指礼节上的”尊重或献殷勤”。 20、accomplishvt. 完成，实现，成就【巧记】派生词： accomplished （a.完成的，熟练的）accomplishment （n.功绩，成就，成绩）【语境】We should not try to accomplish two tasks at once.我们不能指望同时完成两件工作。I have accomplished a great deal in the last few months.在过去几个月里，我完成了相当多的工作。【考点】accomplish，attain，achieve辨析： accomplish 指经过努力而完成或达成工作目标；attain 指在努力后完成很难达成的目标；achieve 指凭技术、能力、努力达成某个目标。 21、accord vt. 给予（欢迎、称颂等）vi./n. 符合，一致【巧记】派生词：accordable （a.可一致的）accordance（n.一致, 和谐, 符合）【语境】He was accorded a warm welcome at the airport.他在机场受到热烈欢迎。Your behavior does not accord with your principle.你的行为与你的原则不符。【考点】accord with 与.一致, 与.相符合 of ones own accord 自愿地, 主动地 22、according to prep. 据/照（所说、所写）；按，视【语境】History books are usually written in narrative style, describing political and social changes according to time order. 历史书通常以叙述体来写，根据时间顺序叙述政治和社会的变迁。 23、accountn.账户；说明，叙述 vi.（for）解释【巧记】派生词：accountability （n.有责任, 有义务）【语境】He has been asked to account for his conduct.他被要求解释他的行为。His illness accounts for his absence.他因为生病，所以才缺席。【考点】account for说明原因, 解释 by ones own account 据某人自己说 24、accountable a.负有责任的, 应对自己的行为做出说明的【巧记】派生词：accountably （ad.可辩解地,可说明地）【语境】Every person is accountable for his own work.每个人都要对自己的工作负责。 25、accumulate vt. 堆积，积累，积聚vi. 累积，聚积【巧记】派生词：accumulation （n.积聚,堆积物）【语境】Work hard, and you will accumulate a fortune someday. 如果你努力工作，总有一天会积累起一笔财富的。Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not clean regularly.房屋不经常打扫，尘土很快就越积越多。 26、accurate a. 准确的，精确的【巧记】派生词：accurately （ad.正确地）；accuracy（n.精确，精准）反义词：inaccurate【语境】My aim was accurate.我瞄得很准。The new salesgirl is accurate at figures.新来的女售货员计算正确无误。【考点】 accurate， correct，exact 辨析：accurate 表示“准确的”,精确的”，指“通过努力, 使事情达到正确”；correct 为一般用语， 指“正确的”； exact 表示“确切的”,“精确无误的”，指“与事实完全相符”。 27、accusevt.（of）谴责；指控，告发【巧记】派生词：accused（n. 被告） accuser（n.原告，控告者）【语境】He was accused of incompetence.他被指责为不称职。Why couldnt he even accuse her？他为什么连责骂她都不能呢？【考点】accuse sb. of . 指控某人. 28、achieve vt. 实现，完成；达到，得到vi. 达到预期目的【巧记】派生词：achievement （n.成就，成绩）achievable（a.可完成的,可有成就的）【语境】We should do our best to achieve our goal in life. 我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。Try to achieve a better balance between work and play. 要努力使工作和娱乐更好地平衡。 29、acid n. 酸，酸性物质a. 酸的，酸味的；尖刻的【语境】Lemons have an acid taste.柠檬有酸味。The acid burnt a hole in the carpet. 酸把地毯烧了个洞。 30、acknowledge vt. 承认；接受；告知（信件等的）收到；答谢【巧记】派生词：acknowledgment（承认,感谢） 同义词：accept，admit，answer，concede【语境】She is acknowledged as the best tennis-player in the world.她被公认为是世界最佳网球选手。 31、acquaintvt. （with）使认识，使了解，使熟悉【巧记】派生词：acquainted（a.有知识的，知晓的）【语境】You must acquaint yourself with your new duties.你必须熟悉自己的新职务。【考点】acquaint oneself with 熟悉, 通晓, 摸清 32、acquirevt. 取得，获得，学到【巧记】派生词：acquirement（取得, 获得）【语境】We admired his intellectual providence to acquire vast stores of dry information.我们钦佩他收集大量原始资料的远见卓识。How did he acquire his wealth？他的财富是怎样得来的？【考点】acquire，learn辨析：acquire指（经由努力而）获得，学得知识、学问等；learn 指养成，学会习惯等。 33、across prep. 横过，越过；在的对面ad. 横过，穿过【语境】Anyone travelling across the bridge has to pay a toll.过这座桥的人都要付通行费。They canoed across the river.他们划着小舟过河。 34、act v. 表演；举动；起作用n. 行为，法令；一幕【语境】He acted Othello at the Royal Theater that evening.那天晚上他在皇家剧院扮演奥赛罗。Would you tell us something about the new Education Act?请你给我们讲讲新的教育法好吗?【考点】act against 违反act as 担任, 充当; 起.作用act for 代理, 代表act on对起作用；奉行， 按照而行动 35、action n. 行动，动作；作用；运转；行为；战斗【巧记】派生词：actionless（a.不采取行动的,静止不动的） actionist（n.行动主义者）【语境】The quick action of the firemen saved the building from being burned down.消防队员行动及时,该建筑物方免遭焚毁。【考点】out of action 失去作用 put into action 实行, 实施 36、active a. 活跃的，敏捷的，积极的；在活动中的【巧记】同义词：dynamic，energetic反义词：inactive【语境】Mount Vesuvius is an active volcano.维苏威是一座活火山。He became an active social reformer.他成了一位积极的社会改革家。 37、activity n. 活动；活力；能动性【巧记】act活动+-ivity状态(名词后缀)活动状态【语境】The school offers many recreational activities for the students.该校为学生提供了很多娱乐活动。 38、actual a. 实际的；现实的，真实的，目前的【巧记】派生词：actually（ad. 实际上） actuality（n. 现实, 现实性）【语境】His designs, for the most part, corresponded with the actual needs.他的设计绝大多数情况下都符合实际需要。 39、adaptvt.（to）使适应；改编【语境】You must adapt to the norms of the society you live in.在社会中生活就要遵循社会行为准则。This machine has been specially adapted for underwater use.这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。【考点】adapt oneself to适应；adapt.for修改 40、add vt. 加；增加（进）；进一步说/写vi. （to）增添【巧记】同义词：increase, join, attach 反义词：subtract【语境】Add some wine to the gravy.请在肉汁里加点酒。The snowstorm added to our difficulties.暴风雪增加了我们的困难。【考点】add on 加到上; 附加; 包括add to 增加, 加到add up to 总计共达; (总起来看)等于说; 意味着 41、addicted a.上瘾的【巧记】派生词：addictive （a.使成瘾的，上瘾的）【语境】Shes become addicted to love stories. 她迷上了爱情小说。 42、additionn. 加，加法；附加部分，增加（物）【巧记】派生词：additional （a. 附加的）additive （n.添加物）【语境】In addition to giving a general introduction to computer，the course also provides practical experience.课程除了一般介绍电脑知识外，还提供实际操作的机会。The little girl is not very clever at addition.这个小女孩不太善于做加法。【考点】in addition加上，又，另外 in addition to 除了以外 43、adequate a. 充足的，足够的；适当的，胜任的【巧记】派生词：adequately （ad.充分地）adequacy （n.适当,足够）【语境】Right now theres a drought of adequate leadership.眼下缺少能胜任的领导人。【考点】adequate for 适合; 足够 44、adjustvt. 调节，调整；校对 vi.（to）适应于【巧记】ad-表示to + just刚好，正确弄正确调整【语境】He cant adjust himself to the whirl of modern life in this big city.他无法适应这个大都市的现代生活的忙碌。Could you teach me how to adjust the iris of the camera？你能教我怎么调照相机的光圈吗？【考点】adjust oneself to使自己适应；adjust to sth.适应于某事 45、admire vt. 钦佩，赞赏，羡慕；称赞，夸奖【巧记】反义词：despise （vt.轻视, 鄙视）【语境】We all admire their dogged efforts.我们都很钦佩他们坚持不懈的努力。 46、admit vt. 承认，供认；准许进入，准许加入【巧记】派生词：admittable（a.具有进入的资格的）admission （n.准许进入）admissible（a.可容许的,可接纳的）【语境】She freely admits that what she said was wrong.她坦率地承认她说错了。No one but ticket-holders was admitted.只有持票者方可入内。【考点】admit , acknowledge , confess 辨析：admit 通常指因外界压力、良心或判断而承认某事的存在或真实性, 含“不情愿”之意; acknowledge 指“公开承认”, 常用于过去隐瞒或否认之事；confess 着重承认自己的过错或罪恶, 因此有“忏悔”、“坦白”的含意。 47、adoptvt. 采用，采纳；收养【巧记】派生词：adopted（a.被收养的,被采用的）adoptable（a.可采用的,可收养的）adoptability （n.采纳性）【语境】Most countries adopt metric system.大多数国家采用米制。We should adopt the consumers suggestion.我们应该接受用户的建议。 48、advancevt. 推进，促进；提升，提高 vi. 前进，进展 n. 前进，进展；预付【语境】The report advances the suggestion that safety standards should be improved.该报告建议安全标准应该改进。It is a popular show，so advance booking is essential.这是个很受欢迎的演出，所以一定要提前订票。【考点】in advance预先，事先 in advance of在前面，比进步 49、advanced a. 超前的，先进的；高级的；开明的；前进的【语境】Ancient Greece was an advanced civilization.古希腊是个先进的文明国家。My younger brother studied advanced math.我弟弟学过高等数学。 50、advantagen. 优点，有利条件；利益，好处【巧记】反义词：disadvantage（n. 不利，劣势，短处）【语境】Earthenware has an advantage over wood in being more easily kept clean.陶器的优点在于比木器更容易保持清洁。Rich has an advantage over you since he can speak German.理奇比你占优势，因为他会讲德语。【考点】advantage over sb/sth 和人或物相比有优势 take advantage of 利用别人的弱点占便宜; 欺骗 to sb.s advantage对.有利51、advent n. （重要事件等的）到来，来临【巧记】派生词：adventism（n.耶稣再生论）同义词：coming【语境】The advent of the computer changed peoples life greatly.计算机的出现极大地改变了人们的生活。 52、adventure n. 冒险，冒险活动，奇遇vt. 大胆进行【巧记】派生词：adventurer （n.探险家）adventurism（n. 冒险主义）【语境】Reading adventure stories quickened my imagination.阅读冒险故事激发了我的想像力。 53、adverse a. 逆的，相反的；敌对的；不利的；有害的【巧记】同义词：contrary，harmful，hostile，opposite 反义词：favorable【语境】Adverse winds hinder ships.逆风使船只受阻。The expedition encountered adverse weather conditions.探险队遇到了不利的气候条件。【考点】be adverse to 跟.相反, 不利于, 反对 54、advertise vt. 公告，公布；为做广告vi. 登广告【巧记】派生词：advertisement（n.广告）advertising（n. 广告业）【语境】If you want to sell your product you must advertise it.如果你要推销自己的产品,你就必须做广告。【考点】advertise for 登招请待聘等广告 55、advice n. 劝告，忠告，（医生等的）意见【巧记】同义词：counsel，suggestion，recommendation【语境】His advice has been invaluable to the success of the project.他的建议对这一工程的成功起了无法估量的作用。He disregarded my advice.他无视我的忠告【考点】ask advice of 向.征求意见, 请教 follow sb.s advice 接受某人意见 56、advise vt. 忠告，劝告，建议；通知，告知【语境】The doctor advised him specifically not to eat fatty food.医生特别劝他不要吃多脂肪的食物。【考点】advise sb. of 把.报告通知某人 57、advocate n. 辩护者，拥护者，鼓吹者vt. 拥护，提倡【语境】They are advocates of free trade.他们是自由贸易的倡导者。He advocates plain living.他提倡过简朴的生活。 58、affair n. pl.事务；事情（件）；（个人的）事【巧记】af(=to)+fair(集市):反复不断地去集市事务多【语境】The premier deals with important affairs of state.总理处理国家重要事务。 59、affectvt. 影响；感动；（疾病）侵袭【巧记】派生词：affection（n. 喜爱，爱） affected （a. 受影响的，受侵袭的）affecting（a. 令人感动的）【语境】He was much affected by the sad news.这个悲惨的消息使他非常难过。The climate affected his health.气候影响了他的健康。 60、afflict vt.使受痛苦, 折磨【巧记】同义词：agitate,bother, disturb ,trouble 反义词：comfort, console, relieve【语境】The poor old man was afflicted with diabetes.那可怜的老人受到糖尿病的折磨。 61、affordvt. 提供，给予；供应得起，负担得起【巧记】affordable（a.负担得起的）【语境】I cant afford a holiday this summer.今年夏天我无法度假。These trees afford a pleasant shade.这些树提供了阴凉。【考点】afford通常和can / could / be able to连用，表示省出或找到足够的时间或金钱。 62、afraid a. 害怕的，恐惧的；犯愁的，不乐意的【巧记】同义词: cowardly, fearful, frightened,scared反义词: bold,brave【语境】She was afraid that she might lose her job.她担心会丢掉工作。Im afraid what youre saying now is off the point.恐怕你现在所说的有些离题。【考点】be afraid of害怕 be afraid to do sth.不敢做某事 63、after prep. 在以后；在后面ad. 以后，后来【语境】After a fierce battle the enemy was forced to retreat.激战之后,敌人被迫撤退了。They arrived shortly after.不久以后他们抵达了。【考点】After you! 口您先请! 64、afterwards ad. 以后，后来【巧记】同义词: after afterward later later on subsequently【语境】Soon afterwards he made his first public statement about the affair.过后不久他发表了关于此事的第一个公开声明。 65、again ad. 再次，另一次；重新；除此，再，更，还【语境】I have explained again and again, but even now they dont understand.我已解释了一遍又一遍,尽管如此,他们还是不明白。【考点】again and again 一次又一次地, 反复地, 再三地ever and again 不时地; 时时地now and again 间或, 不时地once again 再次over and (over) again 一再地, 翻来覆去time and (time) again 多次, 一再地 66、against prep. 对着，逆；反对；违反；紧靠着；对比【巧记】同义词: in opposition to , versus反义词: for【语境】The people rose against their leaders.人民起来反抗他们的首领。Against all expectations, the play was greatly welcomed.出乎意料的是那出戏大受欢迎。【考点】over against 在.对面；与.成鲜明的对比 67、age n. 年龄；时代；老年；长时间v. （使）变老【语境】People of the Stone Age used rude tools.石器时代的人使用粗糙简陋的工具。The whisky has aged for twenty-five years.这种威士忌酒已存放了二十五年了。【考点】at the age of 在.岁时 for ages 很长的时间, 很久 68、agenda n. 议事日程，记事册【巧记】联想记忆：代理处(agent)每天都要有日程(agenda)。【语境】Whats on your agenda today?你今天有哪些工作要做? 69、aggravate vt. 加重（剧），使恶化；激怒，使恼火【巧记】派生词：aggravating （a.使恶化的,加重的 ） aggravation （n.加重; 增剧; 恶化）【语境】Ice water aggravated my toothache.冰水使我的牙痛加重了。【考点】be aggravated at sth. 因某事而发怒 70、ago ad. （常和一般过去时的动词连用）以前，前【语境】The dinosaurs disappeared long ago.恐龙很久以前就绝种了。【考点】long ago 很久以前, 从前some time ago 不久前 71、agree vi. 答应，赞同；适合，一致；商定，约定【语境】They agreed to give the matter top priority.他们同意优先考虑这件事The two sides agreed on a cease-fire.双方达成了停火协议。【考点】agree on / upon对.达成协议; 对.取得一致意见agree to sth. 同意某事agree with 同意.的意见; 与.一致 72、agreement n. 协定；协议；契约；达成协议；同意，一致【巧记】agree（同意，赞同）+后缀-ment（表示行为,行为的过程或结果）【语境】We clinched the agreement with a handshake.我们握手达成协议。【考点】make an agreement with 与.达成协议 73、ahead ad. 在前面（头）；向（朝）前；提前【语境】We must look ahead before we make a decision.我们作出决定之前必须想得远一点。【考点】ahead of 在.前头; 早于; 超过 74、aid n. 援助，救护；助手，辅助物vi. 援助，救援【语境】They offer financial aid with no strings attached.他们无条件提供财务援助。【考点】aid,assist,help 辨析：aid 是正式用词，指帮助他人脱离危险或战胜困难，着重强者对急需帮助的弱者的帮助。assist强调在提供帮助时，以受助者为主，所给的帮助起第二位或从属的作用。help是最普通用词，含义广泛。指一般性的或迫切需要的帮助，侧重积极地为他人提供物质、精神或其他方面的帮助。 75、aim n. 目的；瞄准vi. （at）目的在于vt. 把瞄准【语境】The aim of a university should be the advancement of learning.大学的目标应是促进学术。Well aim for quality.我们将力求提高质量。【考点】aim at 向.瞄准; 旨在, 针对; 志在 76、air n. 空气；（复数）神气vt. （使）通风；晾干【语境】Air is a medium for sound.空气是声音的传播媒介。The sheets were aired on the line.床单都晾在绳上。【考点】by air 乘飞机up in the air 悬而未决，慌乱 77、alert a. 机警的，警觉的；机灵的vt. 使警觉【巧记】派生词：alertly（ad. 提高警觉地） alertness（n.警戒,机敏）【语境】She is alert to every sound and movement.她对每一个声音和动作都很警觉。The doctor alerted me to the danger of a heart attack.医生提醒我注意心脏病发作的危险。 78、alikea. 相同的，相似的【语境】The sisters are as alike as two peas.两姐妹长得一模一样。No two people think alike.没有两个人的想法是一样的.【考点】alike只能作表语，不能用在名词前。还可以用作ad.表示同样地, 相似地。 79、alive a. 活着的；存在的；活跃的；（to）敏感的【语境】The injured man is unconscious but still alive.受伤的人不省人事但仍活着。Although he is eighty, he is still very much alive.他虽有八十岁了,但仍然充满了活力。【考点】alive,live,living辨析：均有“活着的，活的”之意。alive其反义词为dead，指生命从奄奄一息到精力旺盛的各种状态。live 通常作定语，指活生生的，生气勃勃的，还可表示现场直播的。living其反义词为dead，指包括人和动植物的生命没有消失、仍然存在的状态。 80、all a. 全部的；非常的ad.