站房论文汽车站站房室内空间人性化设计研究.doc

站房论文：汽车站站房室内空间人性化设计研究【中文摘要】随着我国城市建设步伐的加快,城市之间交往更加频繁。汽车站站房是城市之间相互来往、相互交流、相互联系的“窗户”,是人们出行的重要公共场所,站房建设有着重要的社会意义。站房在发展过程中,由于繁杂功能组织带来交通流线的复杂性和人流汇聚性,从而引发空间布局矛盾。这些突出矛盾主要表现为：站房人多、拥挤、嘈杂、信息不流畅,从而引起室内空间使用不便利和不安全,旅客在这样的环境中很容易烦躁和疲惫,以至心情紧张和焦虑,给人们出行生理、心理和情感带来影响。在影响出行同时也给旅客再次出行留下心理阴影。本文主要从引起人们出行生理和心理不合理设计为出点,重点从以下三个方面展开研究；一方面,分析站房各功能空间面积配比、人和设施的尺度关系以及动线规划为出发点,探析站房空间各功能区的合理规划,达到站房使用功能的协调配比,从而达到提高站房使用效率作用；另一方面：主要从人对空间感知性为出发点,研究人在站房空间中行为习惯和行为特点,分析站房空间易识别性和记忆性,做到更好的引导人们快速通行作用；第三方面主要从室内设计角度为出发点,分析此类空间特点和设计要点,从装饰手法和材质选择角度营造良好的空间氛围。站房的人性化设计已备受大家的关注,也是站房建设的现实需要。站房不再被单一视为交通建筑,它是多个学科领域的行为集合,国外已告别技术功能设计时代,并不断推广以人为本的人性化设计理念。而人性化设计并没有统一的规范和标准,本文主要尝试从人体工程学、美学、心理学、行为学等角度,分析站房空间的人性化设计。【英文摘要】With the accelerated pace of urban construction, there are more frequent exchanges among the cities. As the “window” for communication among the cities, bus station house is an important public place. Therefore, building bus station house has very significant social meanings. In the development of bus station house, complexity of traffic flow and pedestrians, which are caused by complex functions, bring some conflicts of space layout. These obvious contradictions are mainly as they follow: crowded at station house, noise and unsmoothy information, which cause the inconvenience and unsafety in the interior space. So it is easy for the passengers to feel irritated and fatigued as well as to have feelings of tension and anxiety in such an environment, which affects people in the journey physically, psychologically and emotionally. Moreover, it leaves passengers some psychological shadows when they travel out again.This paper focuses on the following three aspects from the physiology, psychology and unreasonable design. First, it analyzes space area ratio of all functions in the station house and the relationship between facilities and people. Starting with the line planning, it also analyzes the rational planning of the various functional areas so as to meet with the coordination ratio of all functions and to improve the efficiency of using the station house. Second, mainly from the humans perception of space, it does research on peoples habits and behaviors in the station house, analyzing the easy memorization and identification of the station house to play its better role of guiding people to pass on. Third, from the perspective of the interior design, it analyzes the characteristics and design features of such space. The designer can create a good atmosphere of space from the decorative techniques and materials.People are much more concerned about the human-oriented design of the station, which is also the practical need of the station houses construction. Station house is no longer regarded as a single traffic building, however, it is the behavior collection of multi-subject areas. Foreign countries have bid farewell to the era of technical functional design and continue to promote the concept of people-oriented design, but there is no norms and standards in the user-friendly design. This paper attempts to analyze the human-oriented design of bus station house from the perspective of ergonomics, aesthetics, psychology and behavior.【关键词】站房 空间 人性化【英文关键词】bus station house space humanity【目录】汽车站站房室内空间人性化设计研究摘要6-7Abstract7第一章 绪论11-171.1 研究背景11-121.2 研究目的和意义12-131.2.1 研究目的121.2.2 研究意义12-131.3 国内外研究现状13-151.3.1 国外汽车站研究现状13-141.3.2 国内汽车站研究现状14-151.4 研究方法15-171.4.1 调查法151.4.2 分析法151.4.3 归纳法15-161.4.4 论文框架16-17第二章 站房理论架构17-382.1 汽车站及站房概述17-192.1.1 汽车站基本定义172.1.2 汽车站分类17-192.1.3 站房范围192.2 人性化概述19-232.2.1 人性化概念19-202.2.2 人性化发展历程20-212.2.3 人性化空间特征21-232.3 人性化相关理论依据23-372.3.1 人体工程学23-272.3.1.1 人体工程含义23-242.3.1.2 人体尺度24-272.3.2 环境心理学与环境行为学27-302.3.2.1 概述27-282.3.2.2 场所论28-292.3.2.3 空间特征识别29-302.3.3 无障碍设计30-322.3.4 汽车站站房无障碍设计的原则32-332.3.5 汽车站站房无障碍设计的主要影响因素33-352.3.6 汽车站站房无障碍设计的主要措施35-372.4 本章小结37-38第三章 站房环境与旅客行为研究38-503.1 站房环境与旅客行为分析38-423.1.1 使用者行为特性38-403.1.2 站房使用人群分析40-413.1.3 大众效应和趋光现象41-423.2 站房环境与旅客心理活动分析42-473.2.1 心理行为表现42-433.2.2 使用者的需求层次43-443.2.3 高效性需求443.2.4 便捷性需求443.2.5 安全需求44-453.2.3 私密性需求45-463.2.4 健康需求463.2.5 交往需求46-473.3 站房的感知环境47-493.3.1 视觉环境47-483.3.2 听觉环境48-493.3.3 触觉环境493.4 本章小结49-50第四章 站房室内空间设计方法及策略50-664.1 站房空间设计50-554.1.1 空间的规模和尺度50-544.1.2 空间的布局及面积配比54-554.1.3 空间秩序与心理感受554.2 空间易识别性设计55-584.2.1 空间动态导向设计55-564.2.2 标识导向设计56-574.2.3 导视的人性化设计原则57-584.3 站房艺术空间创造58-614.3.1 结构美学58-594.3.2 构成艺术59-614.3.2.1 平面构成59-604.3.2.2 色彩构成604.3.2.3 立体构成60-614.4 主要节点界面设计61-654.4.1 站房外立面设计61-624.4.2 入口大厅效应624.4.3 站房售票厅设计62-644.4.4 站房候车厅设计64-654.5 本章小结65-66第五章 站房设计案例分析66-705.1 成都新南门汽车站站房分析66-6