专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit-8词汇及课后答案

Unit 8Literary WorksWord Bankbodega: n. a small Spanish grocer杂货店老板-grocers (shop) grocery (日杂用品) store, sometimes combined with a wineshop酒店，酒窖; spirit 精神/灵魂/烈性酒brandy: n.an alcoholic liquor distilled (分馏) from wine or fermented (发酵的) fruit juice白兰地; brand new崭新的(coffee) cafe (=cafeteria): n. (US) a place to buy drinks, simple meals, and snacks (快餐) in咖啡馆，小餐馆 client: n. a customer or patron顾客-patriot- patrioticcommit: v.to do or perform sth. illegal做，实行或犯（罪）(confident: adj. -) confidence: n. trust or faith in sb. or sth.信心，信赖despair (n./ vi. -desperate: adj.): n. complete loss of hope绝望dew: n. water droplets (小水滴) condensed (凝结) from the air, usually at night露珠; -let: adj. small/ tinydignity (n. -dignify: vt.): n. poise (n. / vt. 平衡) and self-respect尊严(drink-drank-) drunk: adj. intoxicated with alcoholic liquor喝醉的; drunk driving酒后驾车; drunkard醉鬼(dust-) dusty: adj. covered or filled with dust布满尘埃的employ (-employer employee): v. to make use of使用hombre: n. (slang俚语/ 方言) a man from Spain男人，西班牙系的人insomnia: n.chronic (慢性的/长期的) inability to fall asleep or remain asleep for an adequate (=enough) length of time失眠(症)insult: v.to treat with rudeness侮辱nasty: adj. dirty and smelly emission (散发): n.the act or an instance of emitting肮脏，邋遢的(omit-) omission省略, 删除rap: (1)n. 说唱文学作品; (2)vt. to hit sharply and swiftly敲击regard: (1) n. careful thought or attention留意，关心; (2)vt. consider认为reluctant (-reluctance): adj. be unwilling (to do sth.); (be) disinclined不愿意的be inclined to do sth.想做某事(sauce调味汁-) saucer: n. a small shallow dish having a slight circular (圆形的/ 环形的) depression (凹槽) in the center for holding a cup茶托shutter: n. a hinged cover or screen for a window, usually fitted with louvers (天窗,) 百叶窗spill: v. to cause or allow to run or fall out of a container (容器) 溢出，溅出square: n.an open, usually four-sided area广场; meter平方米/ cubic meter立方米(commit) suicide: n. the act or an instance of intentionally killing oneself自杀; pesticide杀虫剂syntax: n.the pattern of formation of sentences or phrases in a language句式，句型, 句法terrace: n. a platform extending outdoors (adv.户外) from a floor of a house or an apartment building平台, balcony阳台/ 楼厅unjust: (1) adj. unfair不公平的; (2)adv. What did you say just now?unpolished: adj.lacking in good manners, culture, or refinement粗鲁的；polish (=flatter)：vt. 阿谀奉承Phrases and Expressionsclose up: to cause to cease operation or being used打烊 in a hurry (vi./ n.): hurriedly匆忙地; Hurry up, or well be late!keep watch:to keep an careful observation盯梢; night watch守夜人; watch TV; see a film; listen to the news over the radio.put up (=lift):to construct or erect (竖立) sth.举起，抬起stay up (late) (=sit up late):not go to bed熬夜(turn on) turn off: to stop the operation or flow of sth. by means of a tap (水龙头), switch (1)n.开关; (2)vi.转换 or button关掉(bottom)；code switch转码Reading ComprehensionChoose the best for each of the following.1. Why did the two waiters of the caf keep a close watch on the old man? ( B )A. Because the old man never showed up before.B. Because the old man tended to forget to pay the bill.C. Because the old man once committed suicide in the cafeD. Because the old man was getting drunk.2. In Para. 27, . speaking with that omission of syntax stupid people employ when talking to drunken people or foreigners. Here the omission of syntax implies that ( D )A. the younger waiter had a poor knowledge of grammar and sentence structureB. the younger waiter in a hurry forgot to employ a right sentence structureC. the younger waiter saved some unnecessary sentence structureD. the younger waiter was too hurried and impatient to justify himself3. In what way were the younger waiter and the older waiter of two different kinds? ( D )A. The older waiter was sympathetic toward the old man, while the younger waiter was indifferent.B. The older waiter was seeking a clean and well lighted place, while the younger waiter enjoyed darkness because he was satisfied with the current life.C. The older waiter wanted to escape from nothingness, while the younger waiter hadnt yet lost passion for life.D. All of the above.4. Whats the real purpose of the repeated employment of nada in this story? ( A )A. To indicate that life is unending emptiness without companionship of man or God.B. To suggest that life would yield no fruit at all if we dont try hard.C. To imply that we should not believe in any religion.D. To show that the life with nothing at all is not worth living.5. According to the story, what is a clean, well-lighted place? ( B )A. It is a spacious room with clean environment and good lights.B. It is an escape from the darkness and nothingness of the life.C. It is the paradise where people can get the bliss from the Lord.D. It is a bar or caf, where people can seek the realization of their own values.II. Complete the following summary of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you.It is late at night in a caf. Two waiters of the cafe are keeping a close (1) watch on an old man. The old deaf man frequents (vt.平凡光顾) the caf regularly and tends to leave without paying his (2) bill when drunk.As they watch, the two waiters gossip (n./ vi.) about the old mans recent (3) suicide attempt. The younger one comments (评论) that the mans (4) despair could not have been over money, since he seemed to have plenty. Then he refuses in vain (徒劳) to provide the old man another drink, so he complains to the older waiter that he is tired and wishes to go home. He also complains that he would already be on his way (5) home (n./ adv.) if the old man had succeeded (in) killing himself.(Note-) Noting that the old man must be nearly 80 years of age, the younger waiter says to live that long is (6) nasty (bad). However, the older waiter points out that the old man maintains his (7) dignity despite (in spite of) the fact that he is drunk.The old man motions (waves) for another brandy but is firmly (absolutely) turned down (refused), so he pays for his drinks and leaves. Then the two waiters go their separate ways (went home respectively). Rather than returning home, the older waiter goes to a bar to look for a clean and well (8) 1ighted place, where he is taken (=regarded/ considered) as a crazy person by the barman. On the way back home, he decides (thinks) that it will be (9) insomnia that accompanies ( sb. to somewhere) him all night. For him, life is just full of (10) nothingness (uselessness/ insignificance).VocabularyI. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.1. He was (silhouette) silhouetted (侧面影象, 轮廓) _D_ the light of the stair window.A. betweenB. amongC. fromD. against2. They listened to the soft ticking and creaking as the house _A_.A. settledB. trembledC. shookD. quivered3.manual labo(u)r-manufacture-) Manufacturers (厂商) will have to_A_ (substance-) substantial funds (1)n.资金; (2)vt. 资助 to developing (开发) new engines.A. investB. commitC. anticipate (预料)D. cut4. Driven to _A_due to the (lose) loss (n. 赔钱/ 亏损) in financial crisis, he threw himself under a train.A. despairB. madnessC. disappointment D. excitement5. There are dark _C_ beneath your eyes.A. cloudsB. bagsC. shadowsD. reflections (反射)6. Members of the Royal British Legion (军团) _B_past the Cenotaph (纪念碑).A. movedB. (vi.) marched (-March三月份)C. motionedD. mashed (vt.捣碎; smash)7. Plastic (n./ adj.) bags burn with a _D_, acrid (酸) smell.A. pleasantB. (noise-) noisy (adj.)C. penetrating (穿刺)D. nasty (=terrible)8. Years of (frustrate-) frustration _A_ over into (violent-) violence.A. spilledB. splashedC. spanked (打.的屁股)D. spread (散播开来)9. He (modesty: n.) modestly (谦虚) _C_ to mention that he was British pole-vault champion (撑杆跳冠军).A. pretends (假装)B. offers (give)C. omitsD. presents (1)n.礼物; (2)adj.在场的; (3)vt.再现历史事实10. Questionnaire (调查问卷) and (ethnics种族/ 论理道德-ethnic: adj.) ethnographic (民族, 人种学的) study are the two basic instruments (仪器仪表手段) they_C_ to collect data.A. edit编辑B. exhibit展览C. employ利用D. enhance加强II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.dreaddignityconfidencereluctantunpolishedsleepsteadyhurryemployregardpleasantrapcommitdrinksquare1. There are now (stiff: adj. 僵硬的/ 严厉的-) stiffer penalties (刑罚) for (drink-drank-drunk/ drink-drank-drunken) drunken drivers.2. We can find that the employment rate (概率) of university graduates (毕业/毕业生) has declined gradually.3. She sensed (felt) his(reluctant-) reluctance to continue the relationship with her.4. He turned off (偏离) the road into a sleepy (quiet/ out of the way/ remote) little town.5. Please give your parents my warmest regards.give sb. my regards替我向某人问好6. Peter is confident of winning the post (job) as the assistant (助手) to the managing director (行政经理).7. Behind the bar the (stew: vt. 炖) steward (服务员 stewardess空姐) arepolishing (擦拭) the glasses busily.8. Ive had adreadful (terrible) day-everything seems to have gone wrong (出错go bad变质).9. Everyone sensed (felt) that something was wrong. The plane was moving unsteadily through the air.10. I tried (努力) to remember all the articles I had hurriedly packed (打包) and wrote them down (recorded) as (when) they came to me.TranslationPut the following paragraphs into Chinese.1. They sat together at a table that was close against the wall near the door of the caf and looked at the terrace where the tables were all empty except where the old man sat in the shadow of the leaves of the tree that moved slightly in the wind.2. No, thank you, said the waiter and went out. He disliked bars and bodegas. A clean, well-lighted caf was a very different thing. Now, without thinking further, he would go home to his room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep. After all, he said to himself, it was probably only insomnia. Many must have it.参考译文：1他们一起坐在紧靠着餐馆大门墙边的桌旁，眼睛望着平台，那儿的桌子全都空无一人，只有那个老人坐在随风轻轻飘拂的树叶的阴影里。2 “不，谢谢你，” 侍者说罢，走出去了。他不喜欢酒吧和酒店。一个干净明亮的餐馆又是另一回事。现在他不再想什么了，他要回家，到自己屋里去。他要去躺在床上，最后，天亮了，他就要睡觉了。到头来，他对自己说，大概又只是失眠。许多人一定都失眠。ExerciseCorrect the errors in the following sentences.1. You need most when you are going through a storm is a smile.2. If the government requires states to identify (recognize) individual laggards (落后者) and break out (扣除) scores by race and income is unknown.3. The reason I believe was because the vast majority of smokers began as (major) minors (人数不多/ 烟瘾不大) raise question (提问) about (inform sb. of sth.) informed consent (agreement).4. The player alternate between the white and black pieces and draw lots to determine what plays white in todays first game.5. I found that hard to believe that in India a shake of the head means agreement.6. We cant be sure of popular music also serves a rite (=ceremony) of passage function (n./vt. 作用/ 起作用) for young girls.7. It is a question as all materials will have been complied (编辑) in the knowledge (information) that it would be made available.8. Have you heard the statement (言论) which the family is bad shape (go down in the world家道中落) and children (are) undisciplined (缺少管教) because of Pops (deficient量不足/ 能力差-) deficiency. Pop=father9. All this was over twenty years ago. But it is if it was only yesterday.10. There is some doubt (n. 疑虑) as to if the swings (荡秋千) of economy will affect the health of a company (公司).参考答案：1. What you need most when you are going through a storm is a smile.2. Whether the government requires states to identify individual laggards and break out scores by race and income is unknown. 3. The reason I believe was that the vast majority of smokers began as minors raise question about informed consent.4. The player alternate between the white and black pieces and draw lots to determine who plays white in todays first game.5. I found it hard to believe that in India a shake of the head means agreement.6. We cant be sure that popular music also serves a “rite of passage” function for young girls. 7. It is a question whether all materials will have been complied in the knowledge (information) that it would be m