小学英语语法讲解

小学英语 名词所有格1 单数名词所有格 s 有生命的 如 grandma shouse2 复数名词所有格 如 teachers office3 两者共有的物品 后者 s如 JennyandJean sbedroom 4 两者分别拥有的物品 分别 s如 Tim sandJack stoy5 Of 名词 无生命的 如 themapofChina 请归类可数名词和不可数名词 A bookB milkC riceD busE soupF waterG teaH hamburgerI breadJ moneyK paperL deskM toyN babyO seasonP eggQ coffeeR computerS treeT meatU porkV toothW roomX penY beefZ chair1 可数名词 2 不可数名词 twoglassesofwater 1 一杯茶2 两杯牛奶3 三袋米4 两碗水5 一片面包6 六张纸 用正确的所有格填空1 bedroomisdirty Ben 2 bagisnice Mysister 3 Isthatthe bike postman 4 Heis brother MikeandTom 5 thosearemy cars friends 6 一幅中国地图 月份 January February March April May June July August September October November December星期 周一 Monday 周二 Tuesday 周三 Wednesday 周四 Thursday 周五 Friday 周六 Saturday 周日 Sunday时间计量单词 second秒 minute分 quarter一刻钟hour小时day天week周month月 1 人称代词主格和宾格的区别 主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前 有时候位于than之后 宾格一般位于动词或介词之后 2 物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别 形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词 名词性则单独使用 后面不带名词 名词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词 名词 故其后不必加名词 Isthisyourbook No itisn t it shers herbook Thispenismine 口诀 形容词性物主代词能力差 自己不能来当家 后面需把名词加 名词性物主代词能力强 自己独来又独往 用所给代词的正确形式填空 1 Theseare he brothers 2 Thatis she sister 3 Lilyis Lucy sister 4 Tom thisis me cousin Mary 5 Now herparent areinAmerica 6 Those children child are I father sstudents 7 Doyouknow it name 8 MikeandTom be friends 改错 1 Myamhisclassmate 2 TheyalllikeI 3 Thisisnotshepen 4 Ourarethetwins 5 Thsesaretheydesks 6 lisen herissingingapopsong 7 Whoishe Hismycousin 选择正确的答案 1 Is newhouselargerthan A you themB your theirsC your them2 classroomishere isoverthere A Ours TheirsB Our TheirC Our Theirs3 Let begin class A us usB us ourC we our4 Pleasegive and friendsometea A me myB I myC mine mine5 Herearetwobags is A Who s yoursB What yourC which yours 时间名词前所用介词的速记歌年月周前要用in 日子前面却不行 In1998 inMay inthisweek遇到某天要用on 上午下午又是in OnSaturday Onmybirthday 要说某日上下午 用on换in才能行 inthemorning intheafternoon intheevening午夜黄昏须用at 黎明用它也不错 Atnight atmidnight atdawn atnoon at用在具体时间点前 说 差 可要用上to at6 00 tentotwelve说 过 只可使用past 多说多练牢牢记 fivepastten莫让岁月空蹉跎 其他介词口诀 和 同 随谁一起withIgototheparkwithmyfather 固定搭配help withCanyouhelpmewithmybackpack 因为 由于forThankyouforyourhelp 给forIboughtpresentsformyfriend 小处at 大处inatthedoor athome atschool intheworld inBeijing inChina 步行 骑马 左右ononfoot onahorse ontheleft ontherightFrom to从 到 FromhometoschoolFarfrom离 远GuangzhouisfarfromBeijing 交通工具要用bybybike byplane 1 Iamsureyoucancatchup theothers A atB fromC withD to2 Isthereariver thehouse A toB ofC inD behind3 MrWebbcomes Britain A atB fromC inD to4 Mygrandfatherisstanding thedogandthedesk A betweenB nexttoC overD for5 It scoldoutside Please yourwarmclothes A putinB takeoffC putonD putup 下册复习 多个形容词修饰名词时 形容词排列顺序的原则 口诀 县官行令杀国材 县 即 限 指限定词 如 the a an this that your my his 官 即 观 指观点或评价性形容词 如 lovely interesting beautiful moving instructive 行 即 形 指形状大小 如 large big small little round square 令 即 龄 指年龄及新旧 如 new old ancient two year old 杀 即 色 指颜色 如 red green orange brown 国 指国家或出处 如 Chinese Japanese home made 材 指材料 也就是用什么做的 如 earth brick glass stone concrete 日记的格式英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成 日记常以第一人称记下当天生活中的所见 所闻 所做或所想的事情 英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日期 星期和天气的 左上角是日期 年 月 日 星期 右上角写上当天的天气情况 如 Sunny Fine Rainy Windy Snowy Cloudy等 由于记载的内容通常已经发生 谓语动词多用一般过去时 但也可根据具体情况 用其它时态 短语 Startfor begintodosth Put into fill with keepadiary bytheroad crashedinto trytodosth moveinto digaholein dig out cutdownthetree savethetree leaf leaves Allovertheworld onland inwater seewithoureyes needtodosth 表示表情的词 happy sad angry surprised excited aboutafamoushistoricalperson 有关于一位著名的历史人物 bebornin on thefatherofmodernChina goon tryto 动词的原形 startedto 动原 beginto 动原 makeaspeech intheforest takefrom giveto find found hold held pay paid 支付 intheend becomepoorandpoor writer painter inventor musician scientist filmstar composer politician coach dancer singer architect 主要句型 1 DrSunYatsenwasborninGuangdong 地点前用in Hewasbornin1866 年和月前用in IwasbornonAugust17th 1998 有具体的日期时 用on 2 Whatdoyoumean 你指的是什么意思 3 Hewasagainsttheemperor 4 HetriedtochangeXhinaandfreethepeople 5 In1976 theChinesepeoplelosttheirPremierZhouEnlai PremierZhouEnlaidiedin1976 6 Itdoesn tmatter 没关系 7 Canyoutellmemoreabouthim 注意more的位置 8 Whenwashebornandwhendidhedie Hewasbornin1881anddiedin1936 主要语法 1 Ithinkhelovedthepeopleandthepeoplelovedhim 宾语从句 Hediedin1791whenhewas35yearsold 时间状语从句 2 Inthe14thcentury在14世纪 指从1300年 1399年 3 the 形容词是指某一类的人 thepoor指穷人 4 be动词 行为动词的过去分词构成了被动语态 被动语态中的动词时态仍旧要考虑 The2008OlympicGameswereheldinBeijing 已经举行了 所以用被动语态的过去时态 The2010AsianGameswillbeheldinGuangzhou 还未举行 用被动语态的将来时 借书用语 Doyouhave Letmesee Hereitis Here smylibrarycard HowlongmayIkeepit 保留多长时间 Fortwoweeks CanIkeepitalittlelonger Butyoumustcomeandrenewit 编写故事的句子Oneday afarmerwasworkinginthefields LongLongago therewasatigerintheforest Onceuponatime therelivedatigerintheforest Topickupahareiscertainlyeasierthantoworkinthefields 主要句型Not anymore 不再 Waitforaharetoappear Whatkindsofbooksdoyouliketoread 什么种类的书 Youaretoosmallforameal Letmego That sverygoodofyou Don tmove 故事的寓意Don twaitforanotherhare Goforit Thesmallcanhelpthegreat 情态动词的用法MayI Yes youmay No youcan t CanI Yes youcan No youcan t MustI Yes youmust No youneedn t 练习来了 写出下列动词的过去式is am fly plant are drink play go make does dance worry ask taste eat draw put throw kick pass do 选择填空 1Myparentsbedroomismuch thanmine AbigBbiggerCbiggest 2Thisbedroomisthe ofthethree AbrightBbrighterCbrightest 3Theoldapartmenthad roomsthanthenewone AmanyBmoreCmost 4Ithinkthekitchenis thanthebathroom AdarkBdarkerCdarkest 5Janetis photosofheroldhousetoherfriends AshowingBshowCshowed 6Youarenearertotheschoolnow you AareBwereCaren t 7Yourbedisprettierthanbefore it AisBwasCisn t 8Theoldbedroom smallerthanthenewone Thenewbedroom biggerthantheoldone AwasisBwaswasCisis 9There astudyinmyoldapartment AisBwasCwere 10Myoldhouse faraway ourschool AisfromBwasfromCwasform 用动词的正确形式填空1Mymother is bornin1960 2Thelion bite thenettwodaysago 3He make abigholelastweek 4Thecat catch amouseyesterday 5Whatdidhedo He try tochangeChina 6She sit underabigtreeand read booksyesterdaymorning 7He become adoctorin1995 8Didyou learn Englishatschool It s6 30intheafternoon MrCheniscominghomefromworkHeisopeningthedoor Heisshocked Whenhelefthomeinthemorning heclosedallthewindows Butnowthewindowofthelivingroomisopen Thebookswereontheshelves butnowtheyareallonthefloor ThephotoofMrChenandhiswifewereonthewall butnowitisonthesofaanditisbroken MrChenisrushingintothebedroom Thedoorofthewardrobeiswideopen Asmallboxisonthebed MrChenopensthebox Thereweretwowatchesand7 000yuaninthebox butitisemptynow MrChenisangry Hedoesn tknowwhattodo Nowheisrushingbacktotheliving room Heiscallingthepolice 1 WhatistheroomlikewhenMrChencomeshome A Itistidy B Itisclean C Itismessy D Itiscrowded 2 Wherewerethebooksintheliving room Theywereonthewall Theywereonthesofa Theywereonthedesk Theywereonthebookshelves 3 WhereisthephotoofMrChenandhiswife Itisonthesofa Itisonthewall Itisonthebookshelves Itisonthefloor 4 Whereisthewardrobe It sinthelivingroom It sinthebedroom It sinthestudy It sinthekitchen 5 Whatwasinthesmallbox Onewatchandsomebooks Twowatchesandsomemoney Onewatchandonephoto Twowatchesandsomebooks YaoMingwasbornin1980 Bothhisparentswerebasketballplayers YaoMingwasnotmuchtallerthantheotherboysinhisclassbeforegrade4 Butlater hewasmuchtaller tallerthananyotherboysinhisschool Attheageof10 hestartedtoplaybasketball Helovesthisgameandbecameverygoodatit Buthehadotherhobbies Helikedswimmingtoo butnotverygoodatit Heonceplayedtabletennis Helikedmakingmodelplanestoo Hewasnotthebeststudentinschool Helikedsomesubjectsbutdislikedothers Forexample helikedscienceandhistory butnotmaths Whenhewasyoung hewantedtobecomeanarchaeologist DidhelearnEnglishinprimaryschool Well yes hedid HestartedlearningEnglishatgradefive WeallknowthatYaoMingisverytall Butwhenpeopleaskedhim Doyouprefertobecleverortobetall guesswhathesaid Clever hesaid 插图 姚明小时候和现在的图片各一张1 WhatdidYaoMing sparentsdo 2 WasYaoMingmuchtallerthantheotherboyswhenhewasingrade1 3 AtwhatagedidYaoMingbegintoplaybasketball 4 WhatotherhobbiesdidYaoMinghave 5 WasYaoMingthebeststudentinhisschool 选择答案 1 Letme youmynewroom A tellB lookC watchD show 2 Theroomhastwobigwindows soitisvery A brightB newC farD old 3 Iwalktoschool Mynewhomeis myschool A closetoB comfortableC farawayfromD like 4 Mybrotherwasa whenhewasababy Butnowheisugly A good lookingB naughtyC handsomeD healthy 5 Shewas tolookat A niceB good lookingC goodD naughty 6 Thenaughtyboy smotherwasangrythathersonwas again A fitB introubleC illD difficult 用括号内所给的单词 名词 代词 形容词或动词 的适当形式填空 在每条横线上不一定只写一个单词 10分 1 Lookatthose child They swim intheswimmingpool 2 Whatlanguage yoursister learn nextyear 3 Foshan have a long history 历史 thanZhongshan 4 They notplay badmintonlastSaturdaymorningTheyjust stay athome 5 CanI take amessagefor he PoorMan Lookatthisman Whatishedoing He scarryingaverybigbox Theboxisfullof 充满 bigapples Hewantstoputitonthebackofhisbikeandtakeithome Canhedothat No Idon tthinkso Whynot Because 因为 theboxistoofull 满 andtooheavy 重 Look What swrong Hedropsthebox Poorman Exercises A Readcarefullyandwrite T forTrueand F forFalsebesidethestatements 1 Theboxisnotverybig 2 Theboxisfullofapples 3 Heputstheapplesinthebag 4 Hecancarrytheboxhome AnewstudentKateisanewstudent Sheistwelve SheisfromAmerica ShecanspeakEnglishverywellandshecanspeakalittleChinese SheisinNanjing Herparentsaredoctors Kateisstudyinginaschoolnearherhome ShehasclassesfromMondaytoFriday OnSaturdaysandSundays sheoftenplaysgameswithherChinesefriends ShelovesChinaandherChinesefriends Exercises A Readcarefullyandwrite T forTrueand F forFalsebesidethestatements 1 Kate shometownisinEngland 2 Herfatherisnotadoctor 3 Herschoolisnotfarfromherhome 4 Therearen tanylessonsfromMondaytoFriday CanYouFindBob Hello Betty PleasemeetBobatthestationatnineo clocktomorrowmorning Gotothebigclock Carryagreenbagandwearawhitehat He snotverytallbutquitefat Hehasshortblackhairandbrowneyes Healsohasglasses Helikeswearing 穿 bluetrousersandaredsweater Canyoufindh