中西方文化差异(英文版) (2).ppt

CulturaldifferencesinpolitenessbetweenwesternandChinese 1 1 GreetingandParting InChina Whenpeoplemeetacquaintancesorfriends wealwayssay Haveyoueatenyet Whatareyougoingtodo InEnglish peopleoftenemploythefollowingexpressionstogreeteachother Goodmorning evening afternoon Fineday isn tit Howiseverythinggoing etc 2 WesternandChinesecultureshavediversewaystodealwithleave takings Westernpeoplealwaystrytomaketheirleavingsoundreluctantbyfindingsomereasonsandapologizeforittomaketheleavingacceptableforbothparties Theyoftensignalseveraltimesbeforeleaving Suchas 1 IamafraidImustbeoff Ihaveto 2 Well it sbeennicetoseeyouagain Idoenjoyourtalkandthelovelydinner butImustbegoingsoon 3 Thankyouverymuchforaskingmeover Ihopewe llbeabletogettogetheragainbeforelong 3 2 Addressing InChina thesurnamecomesfirstandthenthegivenname Whilewesternersnamesarewrittenandspokenwiththegivennamefirstandthefamilynamelast 4 Inaformalsetting westernersaddressmenas Mister Mr marriedwomenas Misses Mrs andunmarriedwomenas Miss Ms Thesedaysmanywomenprefertobeaddressedusingtheabbreviations Ms pronounced miz Inaninformalsituation westernerswillintroduceeachotherbyfirstname withouttitles andoccasionallybyjustthelastname 5 East West Chineseuse title surname toaddresstheirsuperiororeldersratherthancallthemsurnames whilethesuperiororelderscalltheaddresserstheirnames otherwise theaddressermaybeconsideredasillmannered illeducatedorrude Inwest Althoughtheyaredifferentinageandstatus theycancalltheotherdirectly namely theirnames evenfirstnames Theydemonstratethesenseofintimacyandtheconceptionof Everyoneiscreatedequal 6 3 ComplimentsandResponse Forexample ifahostessiscomplimentedforhercookingskill howshewillresponseinwestandchina 7 East West AChinesehostesswillapologizeforgivingyou Nothing Shewillsay Ijustmadesomedishescasuallyandtheyarenotverytasty Anwesternhostessislikelytosay Oh Iamsogladthatyoulikedit Icookitespeciallyforyou 8 Whatwecanseefromit TheAmericansare straightforwardness theChinesetakepridein modesty Intheresponsetocompliments Chinesearetendtoeffacethemselvesinwordsorrefuseit althoughtheydofeelcomfortableaboutthecompliments 9 4 ThanksandResponses InChina Thankyou isnotfrequentlyusedbetweenintimatefriendsandfamilymembersbecauseitmayimplyacertaindistancebetweentheaddresserandtheaddressee Thankyou iswidelyusedinEnglishtoshowgratitudeinsuchcasesasbeinginvited helped givenagift etc 10 5 AskingPersonalAffairs PeoplefromChinadonotregarditasaskingpersonalaffairswhentheyaskothersname age maritalstatus wages personallife beliefandpoliticalpoints Itisregardasconcerns Whilethewesternswillthinkyouviolatetheirrightofprivacy 11 East West whenwetalktothewesterns wemustavoidaskingsomequestionslikethis Howoldareyou Areyoumarried Howmanychildrendoyouhave Howmuchdoyoumake Doyougotothechurch 12 InthecultureofBritishandAmerica itisveryimportanttoconsultatimebeforeyouinvitesomebodytoattendabanquetortakepartinsocialactivities Esp inAmerica invitesomebodymeansyouareborrowtimesofothers Sotheyrespecttimeverymuch WhileinChina peopleareprefertoanuninvitedguest 6 Invitation 13 Differentculturalfactorsmayresultinculturaldifferences 1 CulturalBackground2 Differentvalues3 IndividualismandCollectivism4 Family5 Nationalism 14 Somethingaboutwesternfamilies Westernfamiliesadvocateequalityindailylife Thehusbandandthewifeusuallyhaveanequalityvoiceindecision making andoncertainmatters thechildren too haveavote Inthewestern mostoldpeopledonotlivewiththeirchildrenorrelatives Iftheyhaveenoughmoneytheywillbuyhouseorapartmentsinplaceswhereotheroldpeoplelive Iftheydonothealthyandstrongenoughtolivealone theywouldratherliveinnursinghousesforold