大学英语创意阅读第一册答案.doc

经管院第六届团支书联席会期末复习宝典大学英语创意阅读第一册答案UNIT ONE: CustomsWords to noteFind the words in column A below in the text and try to work out their meanings from the contexts in which they are used. Then match each word with the correct definition in column B. Column AColumn BClientsPeople with whom one has a business relationshipFuneralA ceremony that takes place after someone diesGreedy Wanting more money, things, or power than you needIndicateTo express an intention, opinion, or wish in an indirect wayInsultingOffensiveIntimateRelating to very private or personal thingsModestyThe tendency not to talk about yourself, your achievements, or your abilities even if you are successfulOffensiveUnpleasant or insulting, and likely to make people upset or embarrassedProhibitTo officially stop something from being done, especially by making it illegalRelationshipThe way in which two or more people or groups behave towards each other and are involved with each other RomanticMaking you have feelings of love and excitementSuperstitionA belief that things such as magic or luck have the power to affect your lifeSymbolSomeone or something that represents a particular idea or qualityUpsetTo make someone feel sad, worried, or angryVaryTo be different in different situationsWrapTo cover something by putting something such as paper or cloth round itUnderstanding the textPart A: Answer the following questions as fully as possible.1. What was the mistake that John Rogers company made? They gave clocks to Chinese and the phrase give a clock sounds like make a funeral arrangement.2. Why are knives considered bad presents in some countries? They symbolize the cutting (i.e. the end) of a relationship.3. What sort of gifts would be appropriate, according to Rogers? Things from your own place that are difficult to get locally in the place where you are visiting.4. How should gifts be offered to people? With both hands.5. Why do people in Asia sometimes refuse gifts at first? To show modesty; they do not want to appear greedy.Part B: Completing a tableGiftDo not giveUnsuitable gifts becauseClocksChineseSounds like making funeral arrangementsWineMuslimsAlcohol is against the religionGift showing 4AsiansUnlucky numberScissorsLatins and AsiansSign of cutting/ending the relationshipFlowers AsiansSeen as inappropriately romantic LeatherIndiansCows revered by HindusHandkerchiefsJapaneseSign of sadnessClothingWomenSeen as inappropriately intimate Part C: Complete these sentences1. Gifts are important because they can strengthen business relationships.2. Offering flowers as gifts may not be suitable because they may be seen as inappropriately romantic.3. All gifts should be wrapped and presented correctly.4. Asian people tend to open gifts in private because they dont want the donor to lose face if the gift is not appropriate.5. John Rogers advises you to remember the countrys religion, avoid giving things that are not appropriate, and choose the wrapping paper carefully.Developing your skillsPart A: Relating Information in a Text to Ones Own ExperienceThe students may come up with other plausible answers for the choices below. The key point here is to encourage students to express their conceived/perceived notions about the objects as gifts rather than to make them give a definite right or wrong answer.GiftsAppropriateInappropriateReasons1)a white lanternThey are used in funerals.2)a green hatIf a man is said to be wearing a green hat it means that his wife has had sex with another man since her marriage.3)a gold ringUsually a gold ring is given to someone who is very familiar to you like a lover or family member.4)a bunch of flowersBecause of impact from western culture, Chinese people may consider this too intimate or symbolizes romance.5)a box of chocolates6)a pair of chopsticks7)a combIn the past combs were sometimes given by women to their fiancs as engagement gifts.8)a red packet(Hong Bao)What gifts would be suitable for each of the following people? Write your choices in the table below, and then, in pairs, compare your choices and explain to each other why you consider your gifts appropriate.Gift-ReceiversGifts1)your teacherPen2)your partnersClothing3)a friendKey-chain4)a workmateDiary5)a foreign guestLocal handicraft6)someone who is getting marriedHousehold goods7)someone who has just retiredWatchPart B: Using Knowledge of the World to Make Sense of a TextThe topic of the text in this unit is “The Art of Gift-Giving”. There is a lot of information about the practices of people from different cultures. Use your knowledge of the world to supplement the information about the questions below. Write your answers in the space provided.1) Why do the Chinese feel red is lucky? Because the colour of blood is red and blood represents life; therefore red is considered lucky as it shows something is alive.2) Why are gifts showing the number 4 or a gift of 4 items of something considered unlucky in Japanese, Korean and Chinese cultures? Because the pronunciation of the number 4 is similar to the word death in these cultures.3) Why is giving anything with the left hand considered insulting in Arabic countries?Because the left hand is associated with evil or the wrong path, whereas the right hand is associated with good or the right path (refer to Further information on the text)4) Why do Westerners often open the gift immediately? So that they can show their appreciation of the gift to the gift-giver right away.5) Why is it considered polite in Asia to refuse the gift at the beginning and for the gift-giver to have to insist that the other person accepts it? This allows the gift-receiver to show that he is not greedy and this gives the gift- giver the chance to show that he genuinely wants the gift-receiver to have the gift.Extending Your VocabularyPart A: SynonymsColumn ANot suitableBusiness associate Unpleasant or insultingRepresent something important To value something and be grateful for itPersonal or private thingsNot to talk about yourself or show offBelief that magic or luck can affect your lifeColumn BInappropriateClientsOffensiveSymbolizeAppreciateIntimateModestySuperstition Part B: Use mainly the words in Part A of Extending your vocabulary to complete this paragraphIt is very important to avoid giving gifts to clients that will upset them or be seen as offensive. People usually appreciate receiving small gifts but the giver should take care to ensure these are neither inappropriate for the customs of the country nor too intimate for the person to whom the present is intended. Gift givers need to bear in mind different things have different meaning in other countries a number may symbolize bad luck for example and some cultures have a belief in superstition so care should be taken to avoid certain objects. People should also be aware of natural modesty amongst recipients and not be surprised if their gifts are rejected at first. Expanding your creativityDo Crystal ornaments Decorative items, e.g. sculptures, handicraft Watches Books Bottled delicacy or food, e.g. jams, honey Potted plantsDont Cash Exotic food, e.g. snakes, dried lizards Chinese herbal medicine Intimate clothing, e.g. lingerie, underwearGuidelines for giving gifts to a western personHere are some tips for you when you are trying to decide what gifts to buy for your western colleagues or friends when you visit them overseas. The questions below will help you to do the right thing:1. How well do you know the person that you are buying the gift for?2. Do you know if there is anything that is offensive to the person either because of his religion or his personal taste?Firstly, if you do not know the person well, then you should stay with neutral gifts for his house or office that are not considered intimate. For example, you can get him a painting or a penholder. If you are quite familiar with the person, then you can try to find something that matches his personality or taste. However, you must still stay away from items that are considered too intimate like underwear.Secondly, you should find out if there are any taboos or superstitions that the person believes in. Then make sure you do not buy him anything that is in any way connected with or anything that resembles his taboos or superstitions. Dont forget that it is not just the appearance of the gift that you have to be careful of, but also the way the item is pronounced in his language!Lastly, do not forget that it is considered impolite not to wrap up your gift before presenting it to your western friend. And you must also be careful in choosing wrapping paper. It should be in either plain colours or have neutral designs.If you remember the above advice, you should not go wrong. In fact, you should be quite popular with your western friends!UNIT TWO: HoroscopesWords to noteFind the words in column A below in the text and try to work out their meanings from the contexts in which they are used. Then match each word with the correct definition in column B. Column AColumn BAmbitionSomething that you really want very much to do, usually something that is difficult to achieveArouse To cause an emotion or attitude AspectParticular part, feature, or quality of somethingAstrologerSomeone who studies astrology (i.e. the study of the movements of the stars and planets and how they might influence peoples characters and lives)CharacteristicA particular quality or feature that is typical of someone or somethingCompatibleLikely to have a good relationship because of being similar ConstellationA group of stars in the sky named after the pattern they formDominateTo control something or someone, often in a negative way, because you have more power or influenceDynamicVery lively and enthusiastic, with a lot of energy and determinationFateA power that some people believes controls everything that happens in their livesInfluenceTo affect the way someone thinks or behaves or affect the way something happensPassionA powerful emotion such as love or angerRebelliousOpposing the accepted rules of societyVagueNot clearly or fully explained Winter solsticeThe day of the year when the sun is above the horizon for the shortest timeZodiac An imaginary area of the sky containing the twelve groups of stars that some people believe affect your characterUnderstanding the TextPart A: Answer these questions as fully as you can.1. Into how many signs is the Western horoscope divided? 122. Name 4 of the Western star signs. Varied answers Refer to chart in Before you read section for all twelve possible answers)3. What other items are often found on the same page of the newspaper as the Western horoscope? Cartoons and crosswords4. What should a Leo avoid doing? Travelling overseas5. Which is the seventh animal in the Chinese horoscope? Horse6. What does the tiger symbolize? Power, passion and daring7. When does Chinese New Year start?The second New Moon day after the winter solstice8. Why are some animal signs best avoided when thinking of marriage? Because some signs are believed to be incompatible and therefore a bad marriage will resultPart B: True or False?Put a tick () or cross (X) against these statements to indicate whether they are correct or incorrect according to the information in the text. For the ones that are incorrect, write the correct information.1. Most British people read their star signs everyday. X2. The advice for Pisces includes staying at home more. 3. If you are a Libra you should jump at the chance to start a new love affair. X4. Horoscopes in the newspaper give important and serious advice about how to behave. X5. The Chinese tiger is strong but quiet. X6. Chinese parents traditionally planned to have children during favourable years. 7. Chinese horoscopes tell you what to do every day. X8. Western and Chinese horoscopes are essentially the same. XCorrections1. About 30% of British people read their star signs everyday.3. If you are a Libra you should look before you leap into a new love affair.4. Horoscopes in the newspaper give light-hearted and harmless fun to entertain people in their daily lives.5. The Chinese tiger is strong and dynamic.7. Chinese horoscopes describe your fate.8. Western and Chinese horoscopes are essentially not the same.Developing your skills Identifying various types of supplementary detailsSupplementary DetailsTypes1)Almost 30% of British people read the star sign section of the newspaper every day. (A/Paragraph 1)Example: figure2) in other words it can mean what you want it to mean! (A/Paragraph 5)paraphrases3)Western horoscope is supposed to tell you what to do and how to behave on a day-to-day basis. (B/Paragraph 6)definitions/explanations4)Anyone born between these times needs to know exactly when the New Year fell in the year they were born in order to work out their true animal sign. (B/Paragraph 4)effects and consequences5)Traditionally parents tried to plan when to have children (B/Paragraph 5)reasons and purposes6)We can all agree that it would be good to spend more time with ones family or think about the future and we do not need the stars to tell us that! (A/Paragraph 5)writers own opinions7)Being born a horse, for example, determines your character, but then it is up to you to maximize the positive aspects of this animal and minimize its negative features. You can become a very good horse, but you can never stop being a horse! (B/Paragraph 6)examples8)This is the animal that hides in your heart. (B/Paragraph 2)quotationsExtending Your Vocabulary Part A: Cloze passagePeople born in the year of the Sheep do not have great passion. They rarely dominate other people and are unlikely to have a dynamic nature. They are gentle and kind people who work hard and are lucky but they do not seem to have great energy and are seldom rebellious. Sheep are followers, not leaders, and they cannot arouse any great love or devotion in their colleagues. Part B: ExpressionsThe following expressions are used in the text. What do you think they mean? Do they have approximate Chinese equivalents? Meanings: Look before you leap = think carefully before you take any action Not looking rosy = not doing well Light-hearted = not serious Ice-breaker = something/ some actions to make people feel more at ease with one another Fall into place = everything becomes alrightNow use each of the expression in sentences of your own. Your sentences should all be connected to the topic of Horoscopes.1. Today is not a good day for all Leos, so look before you leap in everything you do.2. Gemini, your love prospects are not looking rosy this month. Put your energy in other areas. 3. My mother believes in the stars, but my father treats the whole thing in a light-hearted manner.4. Aries, remember to use icebreakers today especially if you have to talk to a large crowd. 5. Dont worry about your career path as everything will fall into place by the end of this year.UNIT THREE: AstronomyWords to noteFind the words in column A below in the text and try to work out their meanings from the contexts in which they are used. Then match each word with the correct definition in column B. Column AColumn BAsteroidMass of rock like a very small planet that goes around the Sun AstronomerSomeone who studies the stars and planets using scientific equipment including telescopes AtmosphereThe air around the earth or another planetCivilizationThe state of having developed an advanced culture and institutionsContaminatedMade dirty, polluted or poisonous by adding a chemical, waste, or infection EquatorialNear the equator (= the imaginary line that goes around a planet and divides it into northern and southern halves)InfluentialAble to influence the way other people think or behaveInhabit To live in a particular place MeteoriteA piece of rock that has fallen from space and landed on the groundObservation The process of watching someone or something carefully, in order to find something outOrbitThe path taken by an object moving around a larger object in space OrganismA living thing such as a person, animal, or plant, especially an extremely small living thingPlanetA very large round object that moves around the Sun or other starPrimitiveAt a very simple stage of developmentTelescopeA piece of equipment shaped like a tube that you look through to make distant objects look closer and largerUnderstanding the textPart A: SequencingThe correct order of the sentences is:1. Herschel sees waves of darkness on Mars and concludes it is vegetation.2. Schiaparelli sees canals on the surface of Mars.3. Lowell suggests that a Martian civilisation built canals to transport water from the polar ice caps to the equatorial regions.4. The Mariner photographs old ri