高一英语下册知识点归纳：语法和词汇知识.docx

高一英语下册知识点归纳：语法和词汇知识本资料为woRD文档，请点击下载地址下载全文下载地址课堂45分钟练习.语法和词汇知识1Tompretended_it;butinfact，heknewitverywell.A.nottolistentoB.nottohearaboutc.nottohaveheardaboutD.nottobelisteningto解析：pretendnottohavedone假装没做过某事;pretendtobedoingsth.假装正在做某事;pretendtodosth.假装做某事。由heknewitverywell可知，应选c项。答案：c2manypeopleinchinahaveneverdreamedof_achanceforthemtolearntodriveaftertheirretirement.A.beingB.therec.theretobeD.therebeing解析：介词后用名词、代词或者动名词，所以therebe句型要用therebeing的形式。答案：D3Icantgivemysontheleadingposition._，heistooyoung;secondly，Iwantmr.Smithtohavethejob.A.AfterallB.Forexamplec.IntheendD.Tobeginwith解析：afterall毕竟，终究;forexample例如;intheend最后;tobeginwith首先。根据句意知应选D项。答案：D4wewereverytiredandwalkedwithdifficulty，butwegothome_.A.atallB.afterallc.aboveallD.inall解析：“我们已疲惫不堪，行走艰难，但我们毕竟到家了。”afterall此处表示“毕竟”之意。答案：B5Hemakesabout$1000everyweek，much_isspentonbooks.A.ofwhichB.inthatc.amongwhichD.ofit解析：定语从句补充完整为：muchofthemoneyisspentonbooks，所以用ofwhich来引导这个定语从句。答案：A6Someadvertisements，liketheenvironmentalprotectionadvertisement_toourconscienceorourdesiretobeworthycitizens.A.adaptB.attachc.appealD.adjust解析：adapt“适应;改编”;attach“缚，系”;appeal“恳求;呼吁;有感染力;吸引”;adjust“调节，适应”。句意：一些广告，比如环保广告，唤起我们成为受尊敬市民的良知或欲望。由句意可知答案为c项。答案：c7wepaid_cashinthehopethatwecanget15%_.A.with;accountB.in;chargec.by;countD.in;discount解析：incash用现金;bycheck用支票;account账户;charge费用，收费;count数，计数;discount打折，折扣。句意：我们用现金支付，希望能得到15%的折扣。答案：D8countlesspeopleindevelopingcountriesnolongersuffermalnutrition._，povertyremainsaproblemworldwide.A.whileB.Neverthelessc.BesidesD.Inaddition解析：while“而，却”，表示两者之间的对比;nevertheless“然而，不过”;besides“此外”;inaddition“另外”。句意：无数的发展中国家的人们不再营养不良。然而，贫穷仍是一个存在于全球范围内的问题。由句意可知，只有B项符合题意。答案：B9Ahealthcareprojectcanprovidetreatment_halfthecostorless，_theneedsofthepatient.A.at;reliedonB.with;relyingonc.at;relyingonD.by;relieson解析：atcost“以成本价”;athalfthecost“以半价”;relyon后接了宾语“theneedsofthepatient”，而句中已有了谓语canprovide，所以relyon必须用非谓语动词的形式;treatment和relyon之间是主动关系，应用现在分词的形式。答案：c10BigcompaniesinGermanygenerally_theeuro，whilesmallmanufacturersarenervous;bigbanksareinfavor;smallonesareagainst.A.consistofB.complainofc.approveofD.dreamof解析：consistof组成，构成;complainof抱怨;approveof赞成;dreamof梦想。句意：在德国大公司普遍赞同欧元，而小手工业者则很不安;大银行支持，而小银行则反对。根据句意知选c项。答案：c.句子翻译1咱们得把好苹果拣出来，同坏的分开。_答案：wemustsortoutthegoodapplesfromthebadones.2他的各科成绩均佳，尤以英语为好。_答案：Hedoeswellinallhissubjectsbut，aboveall，inEnglish.3你可以指望我帮助你。_答案：youcanrelyonmetohelpyou.4你们要按照他们的方法去做试验。_答案：youshallperformtheexperimentthewaytheydo.5科研工作要有耐心和奉献精神。_答案：Patienceanddevotionareessentialtoscientificresearchwork.完形填空EvelynGlenniewasthefirstladyofsolopercussioninScotland.Inaninterview，sherecalledhowshebecameapercussionsoloistinspiteofherdisability.“EarlyonIdecidednottoallowthe_1_ofotherstostopmefrombecomingamusician.IgrewuponafarminnortheastScotlandandbegan_2_pianolessonswhenIwaseight.TheolderIgot，themoremypassionformusicgrew.ButIalsobegantograduallylosemy_3_.Doctorsconcludedthatthenervedamagewasthe_4_andbyagetwelve，Iwascompletelydeaf.Butmyloveformusicnever_5_me.”“my_6_wastobecomeapercussionsoloist，eventhoughtherewerenoneatthattime.Toperform，I_7_tohearmusicdifferentlyfromothers.Iplayinmystockingfeetandcan_8_thepitchofanotebythevibrationsIfeelthroughmybodyandthroughmy_9_.myentiresoundworldexistsbymakinguseofalmostevery_10_thatIhave.”“Iwas_11_tobeassessedasamusician，notasadeafmusician，andIappliedtothefamousRoyalAcademyofmusicinLondon.Nootherdeafstudenthad_12_thisbeforeandsometeachers_13_myadmission.Basedonmyperformance，Iwas_14_admittedandwentonto_15_withtheacademyshighesthonors.”“Afterthat，Iestablishedmyselfasthefirstfull­timesolopercussionist.I_16_andarrangedalotofmusicalcompositionssince_17_hadbeenwrittenspeciallyforsolopercussionists.”“Ihavebeenasoloistforovertenyears._18_thedoctorthoughtIwastotallydeaf，itdidnt_19_thatmypassioncouldntberealized.Iwouldencouragepeoplenottoallowthemselvestobe_20_byothers.Followyourpassion;followyourheart.Theywillleadyoutotheplaceyouwanttogo.”1A.conditionsB.opinionsc.actionsD.recommendations解析：早些时候，她不允许别人有阻止她学习音乐的想法。condition“条件，状况”;opinion“观点，想法”;action“举止，举动”;recommendation“推荐，介绍”。故B项正确。答案：B2A.enjoyingB.choosingc.takingD.giving解析：EvelynGlennie介绍自己在苏格兰东北部长大，八岁时开始修习钢琴。takelessons为固定短语，意为“修习课程”。enjoy“喜欢”;choose“选择”;give“给予”。故c项正确。答案：c3A.sightB.hearingc.touchD.taste解析：根据下文“byagetwelve，Iwascompletelydeaf”可知，EvelynGlennie的听觉逐渐下降。sight“视力”;touch“触觉”;taste“味觉”。故B项正确。答案：B4A.evidenceB.resultc.excuseD.cause解析：EvelynGlennie的听觉逐渐下降，医生认为她的听觉逐渐丧失的原因是神经损伤。evidence“证据，证明”;result“结果”;excuse“借口”;cause“原因，起因”。故D项正确。答案：D5A.leftB.excitedc.accompaniedD.disappointed解析：虽然EvelynGlennie成了聋人，但是对音乐的热爱却保留下来。left“保留的”;excited“兴奋的”;accompanied“伴随的”;disappointed“失望的”。故A项正确。答案：A6A.purposeB.miseD.goal解析：EvelynGlennie的目标就是成为一个打击乐器独奏演员。purpose“目的，意图”;decision“决定”;promise“许诺，承诺”;goal“目标，终点”。故D项正确。答案：D7A.turnedB.learnedc.usedD.ought解析：虽然残疾了，但是EvelynGlennie学会了与别人不同的“听”音乐的方法。turn“转变”;learn“学会”;use“使用”;ought“应该，大概”。故B项正确。答案：B8A.tellB.seec.hearD.smell解析：EvelynGlennie穿着袜子演奏，可以根据震动来辨别声音的高低。tell“分辨”;see“看”;hear“听”;smell“闻”。故A项正确。答案：A9A.carefulnessB.movementc.imaginationD.experience解析：EvelynGlennie通过躯体和想象来感受音乐。carefulness“细心”;movement“运动”;imagination“想象”;experience“经历，经验”。故c项正确。答案：c10A.senseB.effortc.feelingD.idea解析：EvelynGlennie整个的声音世界因为充分利用几乎所有的感官而存在。sense“感官，感觉”;effort“努力，努力的成果”;feeling“感觉，感情”;idea“主意，想法”。故A项正确。答案：A11A.dissatisfiedB.astonishedc.determinedD.discouraged解析：EvelynGlennie决心被评定为音乐家，而不是盲人音乐家。dissatisfied“不满意的”;astonished“吃惊的”;determined“决心，决定”;discouraged“泄气的，沮丧的”。故c项正确。答案：c12A.doneB.acceptedc.advisedD.admitted解析：EvelynGlennie申请进入设在伦敦的皇家音乐学院学习。以前，从来没有聋哑学生做这样的事情。do“做”;accept“接受”;advise“建议”;admit“承认”。故A项正确。答案：A13A.supportedB.followedc.requiredD.opposed解析：根据下文可以看出，刚开始时有些老师反对我的入学。support“支持”;follow“遵循，遵从”;require“要求，需求”;oppose“反对”。故D项正确。答案：D14A.usuallyB.finallyc.possiblyD.hopefully解析：基于她的表现，最终被录取了。usually“通常”;finally“最后”;possibly“可能”;hopefully“充满希望地”。故B项正确。答案：B15A.studyB.researchc.graduateD.progress解析：后来以学校最高荣誉毕业。study“学习”;research“研究”;graduate“毕业”;progress“进步”。故c项正确。答案：c16A.wroteB.translatedc.copiedD.read解析：后来，EvelynGlennie成为一位打击乐器独奏演员，写下和整理了许多乐曲。由上下文可知，A项符合文意。答案：A17A.enoughB.somec.manyD.few解析：EvelynGlennie写作整理乐曲，是因为很少有专为打击乐器独奏演员写作的乐曲。答案：D18A.HoweverB.Althoughc.whenD.Since解析：EvelynGlennie谈到自己成为打击乐独奏演员已经十多年了。尽管医生认为我已经全聋了，但是这并不意味着我的热情会消失。状语从句与主句为让步关系，故B项正确。答案：B19A.meanB.seemc.concludeD.say解析：mean“意味着”;seem“好像”;conclude“包括”;say“说”。由上下文可知，A项符合文意。答案：A20A.directedB.guidedc.taughtD.limited解析：EvelynGlennie鼓励人们不要受到别人的限制。direct“指导，指点”;guide“引导，向导”;teach“教授”;limit“限制”。故A项正确。答案：D.阅读理解manystudentshavetoeattheirbreakfastsonthewaytoschoolorhavedinnerinthecafeteria.Butsomeofthemdontreallyknowhowtoeatwellwheneatingout.Thereareseveralimportanttips.Thefirstistotrynottoeatfastfoodasmuchasyoucan.Themostobviousharmofeatingtoomuchfastfoodisweightgaining.Teensaswellasadultsareatriskofdiseasesrelatedtoweight.Toomuchfastfoodcandragyourbodydowninotherways.Frenchfries，forexample，wererecentlyfoundtocontainmuchmoreacrylamidethanotherfood.Thismaycausecancer.IntheUSninefast­foodcompanieswereaccusedofnottellingthepublicthattheirpotatochipscontainedthisunhealthychemical.Actually，deepfriedfoodallcontainsacrylamide.Sodonteatittoooften.Sodaisanotherthingyoumaywanttowatchoutfor.cokesandothersodascontainalotofsugarandslowdownapersonscalciumabsorption.Evendietcokecancausethisproblem，soitsbesttodrinkaslittlesodaaspossible.Foodinthecafeteriaatschoolmaynotbeastastyasfastfood，butitsactuallyeasiertomakehealthychoices.Humanbodiesneedvariety.youcanarrangeadinnerthatbalancesproteins，vitaminsandcomplexcarbohydrates.Inotherwords，amealwithfishormeat，vegetablesandsomesteamedbreadorricewillprovideyouwithmostnutrientsthatthebodyneeds.Somesnacks，ontheotherhand，willhelpkeepyougoinguntilyournextbigmeal.Itisnaturalforteenagers，especiallyboys，tofeelhungryalotduringschooltime.Dontbeembarrassed;takesomefoods，likewhole­grainbiscuitsorlow­fatyogurtinyourschoolbag.1Ea