木材防腐术语(英文).doc

木材防腐术语（英文）一、基本术语木材防腐：wood preservation 木材防腐剂：wood preservative木材防腐处理：wood preservative treatment 木材保管：wood protection in storage原木保管：log protection in storage 锯材保管：sawntimber protection in storage木材防火：wood fire prevention 木材败坏：wood deterioration 生物败坏：biodeterioration 物理和化学损害：physical and chemical degradation 真菌：fungus 细菌：bacterium昆虫：insect 海生钻孔动物：marine borer腐朽：decay/rot 变色：stain蛀孔：bore hole 天然耐久性：natural durability 天然耐腐性：natural decay resistance 含水率：moisture content 自由水：free moisture /free water 结合水：bound moisture/bound water纤维饱和点：fibre saturation point 平衡含水率：equilibrium moisture content木材吸湿性：hydroscopicity of wood 木材吸水性：water-absorbing capacity of wood 木材透水性：water permeability of wood 细胞壁：cell wall纹孔：pit 木材密度：density of wood 木材硬度：hardness of wood 木材强度：strength of wood 生材：green wood 湿材：wet timber 气干材：air-dried timber 裂纹：check干裂：seasoning check 环裂：shake 轮裂：ring shake 弧裂：cup shake劈裂：split 生长轮：growth ring年轮：annual ring 早材：early wood 晚材：late wood 边材：sap wood心材：heart wood 熟材：ripe wood针叶树材：coniferous wood/soft wood 阔叶树材：broadleaves wood/hard wood健康材：sound wood 腐朽材：decayed wood/rotted wood变色材：stained wood 素材：untreated wood二、木材败坏菌害：attack by fungi and bacteria 木材腐朽菌：wood destroying fungi担子菌纲：basidiomycetes 子囊菌纲：ascomycetes半知菌类：fungi-imperfecti/deuteromyetes 结合菌类：Zygomycetes多孔菌目：polyprales/polyporaceae 变色菌：stain fungi霉菌：mould 菌丝：hyphae菌丝体：mycelium 子实体：fruit body 孢子：spore 酶：enzyme蓝变blue stain 边材变色：sap stain边材腐朽： sap rot 心材腐朽：heart rot干基腐朽：butt rot 白腐：white rot褐腐：brown rot 干腐：dry rot 湿腐：wet rot 软腐：soft rot 带线：zone line 虫害：attack by insects 木材钻孔虫：wood-boring insects 虫孔：insects hole 小虫眼：shothole/small insect-hole 大虫眼：grub hole针孔虫眼：pin hole 表面虫眼和虫沟：surface insect holes and galleries蛀屑：frass/bore dust 蛸翅目：Coleoptera天牛科：Cerambycidae 小蠹科：Scolytidae长小蠹科：Platypodidae 窃蠹科：Anobiidae长蠹科：Bostrychidae 粉蠹科：Lyctidae粉蠹甲虫：powder-post beetles 食菌小蠹：ambrosia beetles象鼻虫科：Curculionidae 吉丁虫科：Buprestidae等翅目：Isoptera 家白蚁：Coptotermes formosanus散白蚁：Reticulitermes spp 堆沙白蚁：Cryptotermes spp膜翅目：Hymenoptera 木蚁：carpenter ant木蜂：carpenter bee 树蜂：wood wasp 海生钻孔动物的危害：attack by Marine borers 软体钻孔动物：Molluscan borers甲壳钻孔动物：Crustacean borers 船蛆：Teredo navalis木材耐火性：fire resistance of wood 风化：weathering机械磨损：mechanical wear 化学损坏（降解）：chemical degradation三、木材防腐剂焦油类防腐剂：tar-oil type preservative 木材防腐油：coal-tar-creosote for the preservation of timber 乳化煤焦杂酚油：pigment emulsified creosote(PEC) 水煤气焦杂酚油：water-gas tar creosote防腐油石油混合液：creosote-petroleum solution石油分馏物：petroleum distillates 蒽油：anthrancene oil 有机溶剂型防腐剂：organic solvent type preservative 五氯苯酚：pentachlorphenol 环烷酸铜：copper naphthenate 8羟基喹啉酮：copper 8-hydroxyquinolate(Cu-8)有机锡化合物：organotin compounds 林丹：lindane 氯丹：chlordane 辛硫磷：phoxim 水载型防腐剂：water-borne preservative 酸性铬酸铜：acid copper chromate 氨溶砷酸铜：ammonical copper arsenite 铜铬砷防腐剂：CCA preservative专利性防腐剂：proprietary preservative 水载五氯酚制剂：water-borne penta formulations防水防腐剂：water-repellent preservative 乳化防腐浆膏：emulsion paste阻燃剂：fire retardant 阻燃防腐剂：fire-retardant preservative 多硼防腐剂：polybor 防霉剂：antimold chemicals防变色剂：antisapstain chemicals 五氯酚钠硼砂合剂：pentabor烷基胺化合物：alkyl ammonium compounds 试验方法：test methods分馏试验：fractional distillation test 琼脂木块法：agar-block test 土壤木块法：soil-block test 呼吸法：fungal respiration method毒性极限：toxic limit 流失试验：leaching test 残余毒性：residual toxicity 菌窑试验：fungus cellar test野外试验：field test 致死中量：median lethal dose 垛式支架试验：crib test 火管试验：fire-tube test极限氧指数：limiting oxygen index四、木材防腐处理处理的准备：preparation for treatment 剥皮：debarking预加工：prefabrication 刻痕：incising刻痕机：incising machine 预加热：preheating木芯：core 生长锥：increment borer调湿：conditioning 真空油煮法：boiling under vacuum常压处理：non-pressure treatments 浸渍处理：immersion treatment冷浸处理：cold soaking 长时浸渍：steeping瞬时浸渍：dipping 涂刷：brush treatment炙焦喷涂处理：charring and spraying treatment 干基处理：butt treatment套（车内胎）管法：tyre-tube process 喷射处理：spray treatment隧道式喷淋处理：tunnel spraying 树液置换处理：sap displacement扩散处理：diffusion treatment 双扩散处理：double diffusion treatment绷带处理：bandage treatment 钻孔扩散处理：bore-hole treatment钻孔处理器：bolt-hole treater 地际线处理：ground-line treatment枪注法：gun injection 热冷槽法：hot and cold bath process喷蒸和淬冷处理：steam and quench treatment 修补处理：remedial treatment 毒化土壤：soil poisoning 熏蒸：fumigation阻燃处理：fire retarding treatment 木材机械保护法：mechanical protection of wood 加压处理：pressure treatment 真空加压法：vacuum/pressure process定量浸注法：empty-cell process 半定量浸注法：lowry process完全浸注法：full-cell process 循环浸注法：cycle vacuum/pressure process复式处理：dural treatment 频压法：alternating-pressure process加压真空交替法：oscillating-pressure process 后期喷蒸处理：final steaming膨胀浴：expansion bath 真空处理法：vacuum process双真空处理法：double vacuum process 溶剂回收法：solvent recovery process干真空法：dry-vacuum process 前真空：initial vacuum后真空：final vacuum 流动木材防腐装置：mobile timber treating plant处理罐：treating cylinder 机动罐：rueping cylinder混合罐：mixing tank 计量罐：measuring tank余液槽：drain tank 跑锅：surging回出量：kick-back 拒受点：refusal point毛吸收量：gross absorption 初吸收量：inicial absorption 净吸收