定语从句教案

.定语从句（基础）适用学科英语适用年级初二/ 初三适用区域人教版课时时长（分钟）1 课时/60 分钟知识点1. 定语从句的概念；2.定语从句的先行词；3. 定语从句的关系词；4.定语从句的运用教学目标能力： 1、能够轻松判断是否是定语从句。2、能够准确选出关系词。教学重点1、定语从句的概念与宾语从句的区别；2、定语从句的关系词的选择;.教学难点1、定语从句关系词的分类；2、定语从句的关系词的运用。教学过程一、课堂导入教师读句子，让学生听并复述1. she is the girl who has blue eyes.2. i love this english teacher whose eyes are blue.3. a telephone is an invention which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.4. i like this person that has 3 story books5. this is the office where he worked.6. i dont know the reason why he came so late.二、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课所学的反意疑问句，包括反意疑问句的形式， 祈使句的反意疑问句， there be句型的反意疑问句等，（以提问、回顾的形式进行） ，针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑， 并通过对反意疑问句具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习的定语从句。三、知识讲解知识点 1：定语从句的概念和先行词1. 【考查点】在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（而在一个句子中充当整个句子的宾语的句子叫做宾语从句）如： i love this english teacher whose eyes are blue. (定语从句 )我爱眼睛是蓝色的这位英语老师i don t knohwow you can get to the park.(宾语从句 )我不知道你怎样才能到达那个公园。2. 【考查点 】被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。如： a friend is someone who says, what! you too? i thought i was the only one!”a wechat (微信) is an invention which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.知识点 2：定语的关系词关系代词关系词指代在定语从句中的作用that既指人也指物作主语、宾语which指物作主语、宾语who指人作主语whom指人作宾语whose既指人也指物作定语1.【考查点 】既能指物也能指人的关系代词that， whose。如： i like this person that has 3 story books. 先(行词是人 person) he has a math exercise book that was brought by his uncle last week先.(行词是物 book) i love this english teacher whose eyes are blue.（先行词是 teacher） my brother has little dog whose ears are so big.先( 行词是 dog)2、【考查点 】只能用来指代人的关系词who, whom.如： is he the man who wants to see you? he is the man whom/ that i saw yesterday.3、【考查点 】只能指代物的关系词which。如： a prosperity which had never been seen before appears in the countryside.4、【考查点 】关系词在句子中充当的成分。如： 1、is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that 在从句中作主语） 他就是你想见的人吗？2、he is the man whom/ that i saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。 （whom/that 在从句中作宾语）3、a prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countrysid（e.which / that 在句中作宾语）农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。4、they rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down（.(只用作定语 )那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。（注：当上题先行词指物时它还可以同of which 互换）如： please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书.知识点 3：关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词 when, where, why可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。【考查点】关系副词 when, where, why 的含义相当于 介词+ which 结构，因此常常和 介词+which 结构交替使用。如： there are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。beijing is the place where (in which) i was born.北京是我的出生地。is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？.知识点 4：关系词的选择取决于从句中的谓语动词1. 【考查点 】用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。如： this is the mountain village where i stayed last year.ill never forget the days when i worked together with you.四、例题精析【例题 1】【题干】 nearly all the streets are in straight lines, from east to west. those run from north to south are called avenues.a. running; thatb. run; whoc. running; whod. run; that【答案】 a【解析】： 主语与 run( 延伸) 是主动关系，所以用现在分词。those 指街道，所以不用who而用 that来引导定语从句。.【例题 2】【题干】 is this research center you visited the modern equipment last year?a. whereb. thatc. the one thatd. the one where【答案】：d【解析】：将疑问句改为陈述句：this research centersi显然缺少先行词，必须加上代词the one 来作先行词，又因定语从句不缺主语或宾语，所以用关系副词where。假若在 this后加 the ，就选 where， 请想想这是为什么。.【例题 3】【题 干】the treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point he can walk correctly and safely.a. whenb. wherec. whichd. whose【答案】：b【解析】因为表示“阶段、程度、地步”的the point 在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where 引导定语从句。【例题 4】【题干】how did you get in touch with the travel agent, robin? oh, that s easy. i surfed the internet and then called one the telephone number is provideda. whichb. in whichc. of whichd. whose【答案】：c【解析】：因为 of which 引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语。of which the telephone number = whose telephone numbe。r五、课堂运用【基础】1. the place interested me most was the childrens palace.a. whichb. wherec. whatd. in which【答案】 a【解析】： which 用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。.2. do you know the man ?a. whom i spokeb. to who spokec. i spoke tod. that i spoke【答案】 c.【解析】 和谁讲话 ”要说 speak to sb.本题全句应为do you know the man whom i spoke to.。whom 是关系代词，作介词to 的宾语，可以省略。3. this is the hotel last month.a. which they stayedb. at that they stayedc. where they stayed atd. where they stayed【答案】 d.【解析】 where 是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4. do you know the year the chinese communist party was founded?a. whichb. thatc. whend. on which【答案】 . c.【解析】 when 是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。【巩固】5. that is the day ill never forget.a. whichb. on whichc. in whichd. when【答案】 a.【解析】which 是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。6. the factory well visit next week is not far from here.a. whereb. to whichc. whichd. in which【答案】 c.【解析】 which 是关系代词，在从句中作visit的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。7. great changes have taken place since then in the factory we are working.a. whereb. thatc. whichd. there【答案】 a.【解析】 where 是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。【拔高】8. this is one of the best films .a. that have been shown this yearb. that have shownc. that has been shown this yeard. that you talked【答案】 a.【解析】本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词 that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态 havebeenshown。如果句中的 one 前面使用了定冠词the ，则 theone 应该视为先行词。9. can you lend me the book the other day?a. about which you talkedb. which you talkedc. about that you talkedd. that you talked【答案】 a.【解析】“谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about 是介词，其后要用which 作宾语，不能用that 。10. the pen he is writing is mine.a. with whichb. in whichc. on whichd. by which【答案】 a.【解析】with which 是 介词+关系