一般将来时时态用法讲解

精品资料1. 一般将来时的定义一般将来时时态一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow, soon 或短语 next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime做状语。如： what will you do this afternoon？ 你今天下午干什么？we will have a meeting tomorrow.我们明天要开会。he is going to study abroad（到国外）next year.明年他要出国学习。2. 一般将来时的结构及应用(1) shall / will +动词原形。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。特别是表示客观性的事情或在某条件下要发生的事情，只能用此结构。如：what shall we do if he doesnt come?如果他不来，我们该怎么办？will you be free this evening?今天晚上有空吗？i think he will tell us the truth（真相）。 我想他会告诉我们真实情况的。(2) be going to +动词原形。表示已经计划或安排好了的事情，也可表示有迹象表明肯定要发生的事情。如：we are going to have a meeting to discuss（讨论） the matter this evening.今天晚上开会讨论这件事情。look at the black clouds over there. i think it is going to rain soon.看一看那边的乌云， 我想天要下雨了。there is going to be an english evening this week.本周要举行一个英语晚会。(3) be + 现在分词。 表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。这个句型中动词主要是瞬间动词： come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等。如： go ahead, and im coming.走前面一点吧，我就来。the dog is dying.那条狗要死了。hurry up. the shop is closing.快点，商店就要关门了。(4) 一般现在时。表示一种严格按照计划进行的动作。比方说，上课、飞机起飞、火车离站等。如：don t hurry. the meeting starts at a quarter past eight.不要匆忙，回忆八点过一刻开始。the bus goes back at four thirty.汽车四点返回。巩固练习：一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. li lei tells me he (visit)the great wall（长城）this weekend.2. my mother (buy)me a pair of new trousers tomorrow.3. she says she (leave)soon.4. we (go) skating if it doesnt rain next sunday.5. there (be)an english evening next week.6. think over, and you (get)a good idea.7. jim (have)a picnic next monday? -no, he .8. i (miss)you after you leave here.9. who (teach)you english next year10. he (be) back in three hours.11. look at these clouds. it (rain).二、改错：每处划线中有错误，在题后改正1. he will sing anddancesfor us tomorrow.2. are you going to swim? -yes, iwill.3. he will help jim with his englishevery day.4. will her sistersings a song for me tomorrow?5. they willn t plant trees next week.6. are they going toplays basketball tomorrow?7. will we go to visit the factory tomorrow?8. paul will be going tomake dumplings for emma.9. are the boys going to the great wall next month? -yes, theywill.三、句型转换：jim is going to play footballtomorrow.mary will clean the windowsnextweek.否定句： 一般疑问句： 两回答： 特殊疑问句： 四、选择题()1. are you going to our english team? yes, i am.a. take part inb. joinc. took part ind. joined ()2. xu xia and her teammates are the usa next week.a. leaving forb. leave forc. leaved. left ()3. there an english party in our class next week.a. is going to haveb. is going to bec. will haved. have () 4. if it tomorrow, we will go to the park.a. isn t rainb. don t rainc. doesn t raind. won t rain ()5. there a football match next week. shall we go and watch it?a. will haveb. hasc. haved. will be“would you mind doing”句型透视mind 用作动词时， 习惯后接动名词 （短语） 作宾语， 而不接动词不定式，常用于 would you mind doing？句型中，具体用法是：1. “wouldyou mind doing？ ”句型常用于表示请求，意思是“请你做你是否介意？、请你做好吗？ ”，是一种比较客气的表达方式。如：would you mind turning off the light in the room？请你把房间里的灯关掉好吗？如果要表示 “请你不要做你是否介意？、 请你不要做好吗？ ”，只需要在doing前面加上not. 如：would you mind not standing in front of me？请你不要站在我的前面好吗？2. 如果同意，表示不介意时，可用如下用语来表达：certainly/of course not./not at all./no， not at all ； 如果不同意，表示介意时，常用“sorry/i m sorry. ”（对不起）及陈述某种理由来表示拒绝或反对。如： would you mind going to the movies this evening？今晚去看电影好吗？ im sorry. but i havent finished my homework yet.对不起，我的作业还没有完成。学习时还要注意：1. “would you mind doing？ ”句型中的would 也可用 do 代替， 但语气较生硬， 不如用 would 客气。2. “would you mind doing？ ”句型中的逻辑主语只能是谈话的对方you. 如果想要对方允许自己做某事，可用“would you mind my doing？ ”句型，如：would you mind my smoking here？你介意我在这里吸烟吗？ 巩固练习：一、用下面提供的短语完成句子。1. help me wash my clotheswould you mind ？2. give her a cup of teawould you mind ？3. help him mend his cardo you have ？4. walk on the roadwould you mind on the road？ 二、选择题()1. would you mind us in the game? not at all.a. joiningb. joinc. join ind. joining in ()2. would you like to climb mountains with me this sunday?id love to. but i play table tennis against class three.a. am goingb. am going toc. amd. going to ()3. would you mind here?im sorry about that. ill go somewhere else.a. no smokingb. not smokingc. no smoked. not smokehad better 用法详解1. had better的基本用法特点其意为 “最好 ”、“应该 ”，后接动词原形，与情态动词should 用法相似，其中的had通常缩略为d：you d better get some sleep你最好去睡一会儿。we had bettergo before it rains.我们最好在下雨前就去。2. had better如何构成否定式和疑问式构成否定式时， 通常将 not 置于 had better之后 (而不是 had 之后 )；而构成疑问式时， 则通常将had( 而不是 had better) 置于主语之前：id better not disturb him我最好别去打扰他。what had we better do?我们最好怎么办?练习题()1. im afraid you have a cold. youd better go to see a doctor. a. no, i have no time.b. that s a good idea.c. it s very kind of you.d. i m sorry to hear that. ()2. im fat. what should i do?you d better eat meat and fruits.a. less; moreb. less; lessc. more; lessd. more; more()3. you had better ask your brother playing computer games. its bad for him.a. to give upb. not to give upc. to give it upd. not give it up ()4. i have a stomachache. what should i do? you drink sweet water and eat sweet food.a. had better not; shouldntb. should; had betterc. had better; had better()5. i have a toothache.d. shouldn t; should you should .a. drink lots of waterb. take a restc. see a dentistd. have a good sleep情态动词的基本用法归纳情态动词有 can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), need (needed), ought to 等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。一 、 can, could1. 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。can you lift this heavy box?（ 体 力 ） mary can speak three languages.（知识） can you skate?（技能）2. 表示请求和允许。-can i go now?- yes, you can. / no, you cant.此时可与may 互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。- could i come to see you tomorrow?- yes, you can. ( no, im afraid not. )3. 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。they ve changed the t