初中英语八种时态ppt课件.ppt

初中英语八种时态 1 一 一般现在时 simplepresenttense 1 形式一般现在时通常用动词原形来表示 be动词用am is are 主语是第三人称单数时动词的变化规律 一般动词后加 s 以s x ch sh结尾 加 es 以辅音字母加o结尾 一般加 es 辅音字母加y结尾 变y为i加 es 2 2 用法a 表示经常发生的动作或现阶段的习惯性行为 常与时间状语often usually always everyday sometimes seldom never等连用 Ineverdomyhomeworkintheevening Sometimesweplayfootballontheplayground Heseldomlistenstomusic b 表示现在的事实或状态 Chinaisadevelopingcountry IlikeEnglishverymuch c 表示格言 科学事实和客观真理 Pridegoesbeforeafall 骄者必败 Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy 凡事总是由难而易 ShanghailiesintheeastofChina 上海位于中国东部 TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25isChristmasDay 3 3 句式肯定否定疑问回答Helikeseggs Hedoesn tlikeeggs Doeshelikeeggs Yes hedoes No hedoesn t Iwantanapple Idon twantanapple Doyouwantanapple Yes Ido No Idon t 4 4 做题时常见错误如下 一 be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中例 Weareplant plant thetreesinspring 二 单三人称形式易出错例 1 Heplays play footballverywell 2 Dannygoes go toschoolat7 10 三 在句式变换时易出错例 1 DoesJennyhas has agoodfriend 2 Briandoesn tlives notlive inChina 四 对do的理解易出错例 Wedon t notdo ourhomeworkintheafternoon 五 对主语的数判断有误例 LiMingwithmeare be inBeijing 另外 宾语从句中 从句部分若是表示客观真理 不管主句是何时态 从句都要用一般现在时 在时间和条件状语从句中 主句表将来 从句要用一般现在时 5 5 中考真题及模拟 2009东城区一模 Mary thepianowell Sheisoftenaskedtoplayattheconcert A playB playsC playingD played 2009海淀区一模 Mymotherwilltakemetothemovieifshe freethisweekend A isB willbeC wasD wouldbe 2009崇文区一模 Thegirlswillhaveatripifit fine A isB wasC willbeD hasbeen 2008北京 He llsendusamessageassoonashe inSichuan A isarrivingB willarriveC arrivedD arrives 2007武汉 Whatdoyoudo I manengineer I inacompanyinWuhan Ilikemyjobverymuch A workB hadworkedC willworkD worked 2006武汉 Isyourfatheradoctor Yes heis He inTownHospital A hasworkedB hadworkedC worksD worked 2006陕西 Everyyearmanyforeigners toChinatolearnChinese A havecomeB comesC cameD come 6 二 现在进行时 presentcontinuoustense 1 构成be am is are 动词的现在分词 7 2 用法a 表示现在正在进行或发生的动作 Heiseatinganicecream 他正在吃冰激凌 Let swait Thechildrenarecrossingthestreet b 表示当前一段时期内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作 说话时不一定正在进行 Weareworkingonafarmthesedays 这些天我们在一个农场干活 c 表示位置移动或趋向的词 如go come start leave arrive move等常用进行时表将来 HeisleavingforShanghaitomorrow I mcoming What sthescorenow 我就来 现在比分是多少 Wearemovingtoabighousenextmonth 下个月我们将搬到一所大房子里 d 与always constantly forever等词连用 表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态 往往带有说话人的主观色彩 Youarealwayschangingyourmind 8 3 现在分词的构成规则1 一般情况 在动词后加ing 例词work working study studying go going2 以不发音的e结尾 去e再加 ing 例词have having live living take taking3 重读闭音节 只有一个辅音字母结尾 双写该辅音字母 再加 ing 例词cut cuttingstop stopping forget forgetting begin beginning4 以ie结尾 变ie为y再加 ing 例词die dying lie lying tie tying 9 4 形式肯定句否定句疑问句简要回答Iamstudying Iamnotstudying AmIstudying Yes Iam No Iamnot 10 5 一般现在时和现在进行时的区别 1 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作 现在进行时表示正在发生的行为 a Heiscleaninghisroomnow 他在打扫房间 Hecleanshisroomeveryday 他每天都要打扫房间 b TheyarevisitingChina 他们正在中国观光 TheyoftencometoChinaforavisit 他们经常来中国观光 2 一般现在时表示现在的状态 Helikesjiaozi Theyhavealotoffriends 11 考例 Mr Smith shortstories buthe aTVplaythesedays A iswriting iswritingB iswriting writesC writes iswritingD writes writes6 中考真题及模拟 2009崇文区二模 Don tturnofftheradio I tothenews A listenB havelistenedC listenedD amlistening 2009朝阳区一模 HaveyouseenMr Smith Yes Look he hisbikeoverthere A cleansB cleanedC iscleaningD hascleaned 2009海淀区一模 Where sSusan Mike She inthekitchen A cooksB cookedC iscookingD hascooked 2009西城区一模 Haveyougotajoboffer Notyet I A waitedB amwaitingC waitD waswaiting 2009宣武区一模 DoyouthinkJohnwillhelpmemovethepiano You dbetternotaskhim He acomposition A writeB writesC iswritingD wrote 2009崇文区一模 Where sthechildren MrBlack Oh they theirPElessonontheplayground A haveB hadC arehavingD havehad 2008北京 Don tturnontheTV Grandma now A issleepingB willsleepC sleptD sleeps 12 2007北京 Whatareyoudoing Cathy I m mycat Ican tfindit A lookingforB lookingatC lookingupD lookingafter 2006北京 What syourbrotherdoinginhisroomnow He akite A makesB madeC ismakingD willmake 2005北京 WhereisFranknow He hisbikeintheyard A fixesupB fixingupC isfixingupD fixed 2008辽宁 Mary couldyouhelpme Waitamoment I A readabookB didmyhomeworkC waswatchingTVD amcookingdinner 2007浙江 Listen who intheroom Let sgoandsee A iscryingB cryingC cryD criesThey about SupperVoiceGirl let sjointhem A talkB aretalkingC havetalkedD talked 2006山东威海 Areyouababy sisterhere No I afterthebabyinsteadofMsGreen Sheisawayforshopping A lookB amlookingC havelookedD looked 13 三 一般过去时 simplepasttense 1 概念一般过去时表示过去某一时刻 某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示 14 2 构成一般过去时用动词的过去式表示 be的过去式有was were两种 have的过去式是had 规则动词的过去式在动词词尾加 ed 具体构成规则如下 1 一般情况 动词后加ed 例词work worked clean cleaned play played wash washed2 以不发音的e结尾 d 例词live lived move moved hope hoped arrive arrived3 以辅音字母 y结尾 变y为i再加 ed 例词study studied carry carried cry cried identify identified4 以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节 双写最后一个辅音字母加 ed 例词plan plannedstop stopped beg begged grab grabbed 15 3 用法 1 表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态 如 Hewentshoppingwithhisfriendslastweek Theyarrivedtenminutesago Hebecameahotelmanagertenyearsago Didyougototheconcertlastnight 2 表示在过去经常发生的动作或习惯动作 如 Hevisitedhisgrandparentsonceamonthlastyear Sheusuallywenttoworkbycarlastyear WhenIwasatschool Ialwayswenttoschoolbybus 16 4 如何识别一般过去时常见的标志词有 1 yesterday thedaybeforeyesterday 2 lastweek year month term 简称last系列 3 twohoursago threeyearsago amomentago 简称ago系列 4 in on 过去的年 月 日 如in1999 onApril 20055 justnow onceuponatime oneday 17 5 易错点例析 1 Yourphonenumberagain I quitecatchit It s4331577A didn tB couldn tC don tD can t 2 Mr Smithisn tcomingtonight Buthe A promisesB promisedC willpromiseD hadpromised 3 Hey lookwhereyouaregoing Oh I mterriblysorry A I mnotnoticingB Iwasn tnoticingC Ihaven tnoticedD Idon tnotice 4 Ohit syou I you I vehadmyhaircut A didn trealizeB haven trealizedC didn trecognizeD don trecognized 5 Sinceyou veagreedtogo whyaren tyougettingready ButI thatyouwouldhavemestartatonce A don trealizeB didn trealizeC hadn trealizedD haven trealized 6 It stwelveo clock IthinkImustbeoffnow Oh really I itatall A don trealizeB haven trealizedC didn trealizeD hadn trealizedKey ABBCBC 18 6 中考真题及模拟 2009朝阳区一模 Hewentintohisroom thelightandbegantowork A hasturnedonB willturnonC turnsonD turnedon 2009海淀一模 What sthebestfoodhaveyouhadinBeijing Alex Roastduck I toafamousrestauranttohaveitlastweek A havegoneB goC willgoD went 2009宣武区一模 Doyouknowhowmanygoldmedalsthe23 year oldMichaelPhelps atthe2008SummerOlympicGames Eight A winB winsC wonD haswon 2008北京 WewereinQingdaolastweekand greatfunthere A willhaveB havehadC hadD have 2007北京 Whatdidyoudoafterschoolyesterday I basketballwithmyfriends A playB playedC willplayD amplaying 2005北京 Hi Kate Youlooktired What sthematter I welllastnight A didn tsleepB don tsleepC haven tsleptD won tsleep 2008四川泸州 Yesterday Tony sfamily agoodtime A hasB haveC had 2007湖南湘潭 I msorryyou vemissedthetrain It 10minutesago A leftB hasleftC hadleft 19 2007福州 MrGreen you ThreeLanesandAlleys 三坊七巷 lastSunday No butI llvisitthemnextweek A will gotoB have beentoC did gotoD have goneto 2007浙江 Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow He usnottoplaycomputergamesallday A tellsB toldC hastoldD istold 2007江西 Inventorshavechangedthewaywelive Sotheyarefamousforthegreatthingsthey A doB didC aredoingD haddone 06江西 Where sthecakeImadethismorning We it mum Canyoumakeanotheroneforus A ateB eatC willitD wereeating 2006天津 Haveyoumendedyourshoes Bob Yes I themtwentyminutesagoA havemendedB mendC hadmendedD mended 2006威海 Theofficewasbrokenintolastnight Someonethinksyoudidit ButI thewholenightwithmybestfriend John A spendB amspendingC spentD hadspent 20 四 一般将来时 thefuturetense 用法 表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态 也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作 Iamgoingto willwatchafootballmatchthisevening 21 形式 1 begoingto 助动词will beto 动词原形 主语是I we时 助动词也可用shall begoingtodo表示根据计划或安排将要做某事 也可表示根据目前情况判断很有可能但不是注定会发生某事 will shalldo表示根据计划或安排将要做某事 也可以表示不以人的意志为转移的客观规律 betodo表示根据计划或安排将要做某事 也可以表示征求对方意见 还可以表示必要性或可能性 Eg Hewillgotohishometownnextweek Theyaregoingtomeetoutsidetheschoolgate 2 come go start move sail leave等非延续性动词常用进行时表示按计划将要发生的事 Eg Thewholefamilyisgoingfortwoweeks 全家要去两个星期 Mysisteriscomingtoseeme She llbeheresoon 3 在时间或条件状语从句中 常用一般现在时代替一般将来时 Eg I llgotoseeyouifitdoesn traintomorrow 22 常用的时间状语 tomorrow thedayaftertomorrow nexttime in 一般时间 fromnowon later on soon等 23 中考真题及模拟 2009朝阳区一模 I tothebookshopassoonasschoolisoverthisafternoon A willgoB havegoneC goD went 2009西城区一模 When forHongKong doyouknow I mnotsure Whenhe I llletyouknow A heleaves leavesB willheleave willleaveC heleaves willleaveD willheleave leaves 2009崇文区一模 WherewilltheygonextSunday They totheGreatWall A willgoB goC hasgoneD went 2007北京 I theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow A willreturnB returnedC havereturnedD return 2005北京 Frank afilmifhe sfreenextSaturday A seeB sawC hasseenD willseeIwanttoknow thedayaftertomorrow A whathewilldoB whatwillhedoC whathedidD whatdidhedo 24 2008襄樊 Hashereturnedthelibrarybookyet Notyet Don tworry He itsoon A returnedB hasreturnedC willreturnD returns 2007河南 Lookatthenoisykids Haven tyouheardthesaying Whenthecatisaway themice A playB playedC areplayingD willplay 2006厦门 Hedoesn ttellmewhenhe I llcallyouupassoonashe A willcome arrivesB comes arrivesC willcome willarrive 2006常德 Ifit tomorrow we traveloutside A willrain willB rains won tC willrain won t 2006江西 Jim canyouhelpmetowashthedishes Sorry Dad I totheshop A goB wentC amgoingD havebeen 2008广东 Ihearthathewillbeback twoweeks time A atB inC afterD for 25 现在完成时 PresentPerfectTense 现在完成时是初中英语中最重要也最难掌握的一个时态 同时也是中考英语中一个最重要的时态考点 26 基本构成 have has 过去分词 其中have has为助动词 构成疑问句时 可将其提前 构成否定句时 可直接在其后加not 助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围 它和主语的人称 数要保持一致 过去分词是主要的谓语动词 说明句子的意义 27 2 主要用法现在完成时主要有两种用法 一种是已完成用法 也叫影响性用法 另一种是未完成用法 也叫持续性用法 两种用法的特点是 1 已完成用法 影响性用法 表示动作发生在过去某个不太确定的时间 但对现在留下了某种影响和结果 同时说话者强调或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果 还可表示刚刚 已经做完某事 曾经或未曾做某事 常与already just yet ever never thepastfewyears before等连用 如 Hasshefoundhercarkey 她找到她的车钥匙了吗 对现在的影响或结果 她能开她的车了吗 Haveyouhadlunchyet Yes Ihave I vejusthadit 你 已经 吃午饭了吗 我刚刚吃过 现在我不饿了 Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon 宇航员已经去过月球了 Ihaven treadyournovelyet 我还没有读你的小说 Hehasneverdrivenacarbefore 他过去从未开过车 Haveyoueverbeenateacher 你当过教师吗 Ourhometownhaschangedalotinthepastfewyears 我们家乡在过去的几年里变化很大 28 2 未完成用法 持续性用法 该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成 而是一直持续到现在 并且有可能继续下去 也可能到此结束 常有下列标志 for 时间段 tenyears alongtime等 since 时间点 twoo clock August2003 等 recently sofar uptonow等 如 Howhaveyoubeen 你近来怎样 Shehasbeenateacherfor20years 她已当了20年的老师 HowlonghaveyoubeeninShanghai 你在上海已经多久了 Ihaven tseenhersincelastweek 自上周以来我一直未见过她 Imethimin1975andhaven tseenhimsincethen 1975年我见过他 但