商业银行经营评价(68).ppt

第二章商业银行经营评价 BalanceSheetIncomeStatementRelationshipbetweenBalanceSheetandIncomeStatementReturnonEquityModel股份制商业银行风险评级体系 04年2月22日 PerformanceCharacteristicsofDifferent sizedBanks BalanceSheet Itisastatementoffinancialpositionlistingassetsowned liabilitiesowed andowner sequityasofaspecificdate Assets Liabilities Equity Balancesheetfiguresarecalculatedataparticularpointintimeandthusrepresentstockvalues ChinaBigFourBanks 12 31 2002 v s AllUSBanks 12 31 2002 PNCBank 12 31 2000 TA 63bn v s CommunityNationalBank 12 31 00 TA 0 1bn BankAssets Loans Loansarethemajorassetinmostbanks portfoliosandgeneratethegreatestamountofincomebeforeexpensesandtaxes Theyalsoexhibitthehighestdefaultriskandarerelativelyilliquid Loans Categories RealestateloansCommercialloansLoanstoindividualsAgriculturalloansOtherloansindomesticofficesLoansandleasesinforeignofficesThreeadjustmentsLeases Unearnedincome Lossallowance PNCandCNB Loanportfolio 2000 BankAssets Investmentsecurities Investmentsecuritiesareheldtoearninterest helpmeetliquidityneedsspeculateoninterestratemovementsserveaspartofabank sdealerfunctions Theadministrationandtransactioncostsareextremelylow BankAssets Investmentsecurities Short terminvestmentsInterest bearingbankbalances depositsduefromotherbanks federalfundssoldsecuritiespurchasedunderagreementtoresell RPs TreasurybillsmunicipaltaxwarrantsLong terminvestment notesandbondsTreasurysecuritiesObligationsoffederalagenciesMortgage backed foreign andcorporate BankAssets Noninterestcashandduefrombanks Itconsistsofvaultcash depositsheldatFederalReserveBanksdepositsheldatotherfinancialinstitutionscashitemsintheprocessofcollectionTheseassetsareheldtomeetcustomerwithdrawalneedsmeetlegalreserverequirementsassistincheckclearingandwiretransferseffectthepurchaseandsaleofTreasurysecurities BankAssets Otherassets Otherassetsareresidualassetsofrelativelysmallmagnitudessuchasbankersacceptancespremisesandequipmentotherrealestateownedandothersmalleramounts BankLiabilities Thecharacteristicsofvariousdebtinstrumentsdifferintermsofcheck writingcapabilitiesinterestpaidmaturitywhethertheycarryFDICinsurancewhethertheycanbetradedinthesecondarymarket Bankliabilities Deposits DemanddepositstransactionsaccountsthatpaynointerestNegotiableordersofwithdrawal NOWs andautomatictransfersfromsavings ATS accountspayinterestsetbyeachbankwithoutfederalrestrictionsMoneymarketdepositaccounts MMDAs paymarketrates butacustomerislimitedtonomorethansixchecksorautomatictransferseachmonth 精品资料网 Bankliabilities Deposits Twogeneraltimedepositscategoriesexist Timedepositsinexcessof 100 000 labeledjumbocertificatesofdeposit CDs SmallCDs consideredcoredepositswhichtendtobestabledepositsthataretypicallynotwithdrawnovershortperiodsoftime DepositsheldinforeignofficesbalancesissuedbyabanksubsidiarylocatedoutsidetheU S Coredoposits Coredepositsarestabledepositsthatarenothighlyinterestrate sensitive Coredepositsaremoresensitivetothefeescharged servicesrendered andlocationofthebank Coredepositsinclude demanddeposits NOWaccounts MMDAs andsmalltimedeposits Borrowings volatilefunds Large orvolatile borrowingsareliabilitiesthatarehighlyrate sensitive Normallyissuedinuninsureddenominations Theirabilitytoborrowissensitivetothemarketsperceptionoftheirassetquality Volatileliabilitiesornetnon coreliabilitiesinclude largeCDs over100 000 depositsinforeignofficesfederalfundspurchasedrepurchaseagreementsotherborrowingswithmaturitieslessthanoneyear Capital Subordinatednotesanddebentures Notesandbondswithmaturitiesinexcessofoneyear Long termuninsureddebt Mostmeetrequirementsasbankcapitalforregulatorypurposes Unlikedeposits thedebtisnotfederallyinsuredandclaimsofbondholdersaresubordinatedtoclaimsofdepositors Capital Stockholders equity Ownershipinterestinthebank CommonandpreferredstockarelistedatparSurplusaccountrepresentstheamountofproceedsreceivedbythebankinexcessofparwhenitissuedthestock 精品资料网 IncomeStatement Itisafinancialstatementshowingasummaryofafirm sfinancialoperationsforaspecificperiod includingnetprofitorlossfortheperiodinquestion Abank sincomestatementreflectsthefinancialnatureofbanking asinterestonloansandinvestmentscomprisesthebulkofrevenue Netinterestincomemadeupapproximately77percentofnetrevenueatabankin1981 butonlyabout58percentoftotalnetrevenueattheendof2001 TheIncomestatement Interestincome II Interestexpense IE NetinterestIncome NII Noninterestincome OI Noninterestexpense OE Loan lossprovisions PLL Operatingincomebeforesecuritiestransactionsandtaxes Realizedgainsorlosses Pretaxnetoperatingincome Taxes Netincome burden Interestincome thesumofinterestandfeesearnedonallofabank sassets Interestincomeincludesinterestfrom LoansDepositsheldatotherinstitutionsMunicipalandtaxablesecuritiesInvestmentandtradingaccountsecurities Interestexpense thesumofinterestpaidonallinterest bearingliabilities Itincludesinterestpaidtotransactionsaccounts NOW ATS andMMDA timeandsavingsdepositsshort termnon coreliabilitieslong termdebtInterestincomelessinterestexpenseisnetinterestincome NII Noninterestincome TrustorfiduciaryincomereflectswhatabankearnsfromoperatingatrustdepartmentFeesanddepositservicechargesreflectchargesoncheckingaccountactivity safe depositboxes andmanyothertransactions TradingrevenuesreflectcommissionsandprofitsorgainsfromoperatingatradingaccountOtherforeigntransactionsOthernoninterestincome Noninterestexpense Personnelexpense SalariesandfringebenefitspaidtobankemployeesOccupancyexpense RentanddepreciationonequipmentandpremisesOtheroperatingexpenses UtilitiesandDepositinsurancepremiums 精品资料网 Loan lossprovisions PLL Representmanagement sestimateofpotentiallostrevenuefrombadloans Itissubtractedfromnetinterestincomeinrecognitionthatsomeofthereportedinterestincomeoverstateswhatwillactuallybereceivedwhensomeoftheloansgointodefault Charge offsindicateloansthatabankformallyrecognizesasuncollectableandcharges offagainstthelossreserve Incomestatement PNC CNB 2000 Interestincome II 72 92 Interestexpense IE 38 27 NetinterestIncome NII Noninterestincome OI 27 8 Noninterestexpense OE 35 46 Loan lossprovisions PLL 2 1 1 7 Operatingincomebeforesecuritiestransactionsandtaxes Realizedgainsorlosses0 3 0 Pretaxnetoperatingincome Taxes8 5 8 6 Netincome16 3 16 0 Realizedsecuritiesgains orlosses Theyarisewhenabanksellssecuritiesfromitsinvestmentportfolioatpricesabove orbelow theinitialoramortizedcosttothebank Generally securitieschangeinvalueasinterestrateschange butthegainsorlossesareunrealized meaningthatthebankhasnotsoldthesecuritiestocapturethechangeinvalue Relationshipbetweenbalancesheetandincomestatement Thecompositionofassetsandliabilitiesandtherelationshipsbetweendifferentinterestratesdeterminenetinterestincome Themixofdepositsbetweenconsumerandcommercialcustomersaffectstheservicesprovidedandthusthemagnitudeofnoninterestincomeandnoninterestexpense Theownershipofnonbanksubsidiariesincreasesfeeincomebutoftenraisesnoninterestexpense 精品资料网 Relationshipbetweenbalancesheetandincomestatement Expensesandloanlossesdirectlyeffectthebalancesheet Thegreaterthesizeofloanportfolio thegreaterisoperatingoverheadandPLL Consumerloansareusuallysmallerandhencemoreexpensive non interest perdollarofloans Returnonequity ROE NI TE thebasicmeasureofstockholders returns ROEiscomposedoftwoparts ReturnonAssets ROA NI TA representsthereturnstotheassetsthebankhasinvestedin EquityMultiplier EM TA TE thedegreeoffinancialleverageemployedbythebank Returnonassets ROA NI TA canbedecomposedintotwoparts Assetutilization AU incomegeneration Expenseratio ER expensecontrol ROA AU ER TR TA TE TA TR totalrevenueortotaloperatingincome Int inc non int inc SG L TE totalexpenses Int exp non int exp PLL Taxes Assetutilization AU TR TA theabilitytogenerateincome InterestIncome TAAssetyields rate Interestincomeasset i amountofasset i Compositionofassets mix amountasset i TAVolumeofEarningAssetsEarningassets TANoninterestincome TAFeesandServiceChargesSecuritiesGains Losses Otherincome Expenseratio ER Exp TA theabilitytocontrolexpenses Interestexpense TACostperliability rate Int exp liab j amt liab j Compositionofliab