机械原理重要名词术语中英文对照表

机械原理重要名词术语中英文对照表aabsolute motion绝对运动absolute velocity绝对速度acceleration加速度acceleration analysis加速度分析acceleration diagram加速度曲线addendum齿顶高addendum circle齿顶圆additional mechanism附加机构allowable amount of unbalance许用不平衡量allowable pressure angle许 用 压 力 角 amount of unbalance不平衡量amplitude of vibration振幅analytical design解析设计analysis of mechanism机构分析angle of contact包角angle of engagement啮合角angular acceleration角加速度angular velocity角速度angular velocity ratio角速比aperiodic speed fluctuation非周期性速度波动-可编辑修改 -applied force作用力arm臂部archimedes worm阿基米德蜗杆assembly condition装配条件automation自动化axial thrust load轴向分力bback angle背锥角back cone背锥back cone distance背锥距backlash侧系balance mass, quality of mass平衡质量balance of balance机 构 平 衡 balance of machinery机械平衡balance of shaking force惯性力平衡balance平衡balancing machine平衡机balancing quality平衡品质balancing speed平衡转速balance of rotor转子平衡base circle基圆base cone基圆锥base cylinder基圆柱base pitch基圆齿距belt pulley带 轮 belt pulley皮带轮belt drives带传动bevel gears圆锥齿轮机构bevel gear锥齿轮blank齿轮 轮坯block diagram框图body guidance mechanism刚体导引机构ccam with oscillating follower摆动从动件运动规律cam profile实际廓线cam凸轮cams, cam mechanism凸轮机构cam profile凸轮 (实际 )廓线cartesian coordinate manipulator直角坐标操作器centrifugal force离心力center distance中心距center distance change中心距变动central gear中心轮chain wheel链轮characteristics特性circular pitch齿距clearance顶隙clearance径向间歇closed kinematic chain闭式运动链closed chain mechanism闭式链机构coefficient of speed fluctuation机械运转不均匀系数coefficient of friction摩擦系数coefficient of speed fluctuation速度波动系数coefficient of travel speed variation, advance-to return-time ratio行程速比系数coefficient of velocity fluctuation运动不均匀系数coincident points重 合 点 combine in parallel并联式组合common normal line公法线compound hinge复合铰链compound combining复合式组合compound screw mechanism复式螺旋机构compound gear train复 合 轮 系 complex mechanism复杂机构computer aided design计算机辅助设计computer integrated manufacturing system计算机集成制造系统combined mechanism组合机构common apex of cone锥顶combine in series串连式组合conjugate profiles共轭齿廓conjugate cam共轭凸轮connecting rod, couple连杆cone angle圆 锥 角 constraint约束constraint condition约束条件constant acceleration and deceleration motion等加速等减速运动规律constant diameter cam等径凸轮constant breadth cam等宽凸轮constitution of mechanism机构组成contacting line, pressure line, line of engagement啮合线contact ratio重合度constant-velocity universal joints双万向联轴节cone distance锥 距 cone pulley锥轮coordinate frame坐标系correcting plane校正平面correcting plane平衡平面counterweight平衡重couple of forces, couples力偶couple curve连杆曲线crank曲柄crank-rocker mechanism曲柄摇杆机构crank angle between extreme positions极位夹角crank arm, planet carrier系杆critical speed临 界 转 速 circulating power load循环功率流circular gear圆形齿轮cross-belt drive交 叉 带 传 动 crossed helical gears交错轴斜齿轮curvature曲率curved-shoe follower曲面从动件curve matching曲线拼接cutter刀具cycloidal gear摆线齿轮cycloidal motion摆线运动规律cycloidal-pin wheel摆线针轮cycle of motion运动周期cylindric pair圆 柱 副 cylindrical cam圆柱凸轮cylindrical worm圆柱蜗杆cylindrical coordinate manipulator圆柱坐标操作器ddead point死点dedendum齿根高dedendum circle齿根圆degree of freedom (dof for short )自由度depth of cut切齿深度design variable设计变量detrimental resistance有害阻力diametral pitch径节diametral quotient直径系数diametral quotient蜗杆直径系数differential gear train差动轮系differential screw mechanism 差动螺旋机构differential screw mechanism 差动螺旋机构differentials 差速器direct (forward ) kinematics 正向运动学displacement位 移 displacement diagram位移曲线disk cam盘形凸轮double-slider mechanism, ellipsograph双滑块机构double crank mechanism双曲柄机构double rocker mechanism双摇杆机构driven pulley从动带轮driven link, follower从动件driven gear从 动 轮 driving force驱 动 力 driving moment驱动力矩driving link原动件driving gear主动齿轮driving pulley主动带轮dwell停歇dynamic balance动平衡dynamic balancing machine动平衡机dynamic characteristics动态特性dynamic reaction动压力dynamic load动载荷dynamic analysis of machinery机械动力分析dynamic design of machinery机械动力设计dynamics of machinery机械动力学eeccentric偏心盘effective resistance工作阻力effective resistance moment工作阻力矩end-effector末端执行器engaging-in啮入engaging-out啮出engagement, meshing engagement, meshing啮合epicyclic gear train周转轮系equivalent spur gear当量齿轮equivalent teeth number当量齿数equivalent coefficient of friction当量摩擦系数equivalent link等效构件equivalent force等效力equivalent moment等效力矩equivalent mass等效质量equilibrium力平衡equivalent mechanism替代机构equivalent moment of inertia等效惯性力extreme position极限位置external gear外齿轮external force外力fface width齿宽face width平底宽度feedback combining反馈式组合field balancing现场平衡fifth-power polynomial motion五次多项式运动规律final contact ， end of contact终止啮合点flat belt drive带传动flat-face follower平底从动件flexspline柔轮flexible rotor挠性转子flexible impulse, soft shock柔 性 冲 击 flexible manufacturing system柔性制造系统flexible automation柔性自动化flywheel飞轮follower dwell从动件停歇follower motion从动件运动规律form cutting仿形法force力force polygon力多边形force-closed cam mechanism力封闭型凸轮机构forced vibration强迫振动form-closed cam mechanism形封闭凸轮机构four-bar linkage四杆机构frequency of vibration振动频率friction 摩擦friction angle摩擦角friction force摩擦力friction moment摩擦力矩friction circle摩擦圆frame ， fixed link机架frequency频率full balance of shaking force惯性力完全平衡fundamental mechanism基础机构fixed link, frame固定构件function generator函数发生器ggear齿轮gear train轮系gear ratio齿数比gears齿轮机构generating范成法generating line发生线generating plane发生面geneva wheel槽 轮 general constraint公共约束generating line of involute渐开线发生线generating展成法，范成法geneva mechanism槽轮机构governor调速器grashoff s law格拉晓夫定理 grashoff s law 曲柄存在条件 graphical design图解设计groove cam槽凸轮hharmonic drive谐波传动helical pair螺 旋 副 helical angle螺 旋 角 helix, helical line螺旋线helical gear斜齿圆柱齿轮herringbone gear，double helical gear人字齿轮higher pair高副hob ， hobbing cutter滚刀hob,hobbing cutter齿轮滚刀hydrodynamic drive液力传动hydraulic mechanism液压机构iidler gear惰轮imaginary part虚部inertia force惯性力initial contact ,beginning of contact起始啮合点inline roller follower对心滚子从动件inline flat-faced follower对心平底从动件inline slider crank mechanism对心曲柄滑块机构input link输入构件instantaneous center of velocity速度瞬心instantaneous center瞬 心 interchangeable gears互换性齿轮interference干涉intermittent motion mechanism间歇运动机构internal gear内齿轮intermittent gearing不完全齿轮inverse cam mechanism反凸轮机构inverse (backward) kinematics反向运动学involute渐开线involute profile渐开线齿廓involute gear渐开线齿轮involute equation渐开线方程involute function渐开线函数involute worm渐开线蜗杆involute helicoid渐开线螺旋面increment or decrement work盈亏功in-line translating follower对心移动从动件jjacobi matrix雅克比矩阵jerk跃度jerk diagram跃度曲线jointed manipulator关节型操作器kkennedy s theorem ，theorem of three centers三心定理kinematic inversion机架变换kinematic design of mechanism机构运动设计kinematic diagram机构运动简图kinematic inversion运动倒置kinematic analysis运动分析kinematic pair运 动 副 kinematic diagram运动简图kinematic chain运 动 链 kinematic design运动设计kinematic synthesis运动综合kinematic inversion反转法knife-edge follower尖底从动件 llayout of cam profile凸轮廓线绘制lead导程lead angle导程角length of contacting line啮合线长度link构件linkages连 杆 机 构 line of centers连心线load载荷load balancing mechanism均衡装置lower pair低副mmachine机 器 manipulator机器人操作器machinery机械manipulator机械手mathematical model数学模型mass-radius product质径积mechanism机构mechanism机构学mechanical advantage机械利益mechanical behavior机械特性mechanical efficiency机械效率mechanisms and machine theory, theory of mechanisms and machines机械原理mechanism with flexible elements挠性机构meshing point 啮合点metric gears 公制齿轮mid-plane 中间平面minimum teeth number最少齿数minimum radius最 小 向 径 module模数modified gear变位齿轮modification coefficient变位系数moment力矩moment of couple力偶矩moment of inertia, shaking moment惯性力矩moment of flywheel 飞 轮 距motion skewness 运动失真moving link 运动构件nnonstandard gear非标准齿轮noncircular gear非圆齿轮normal plane法面normal paramenters法面参数normal circular pitch法面齿距normal module法面模数normal pressure angle法面压力角nomogram诺模图number of waves波数number of threads蜗杆头数nut, screw nut螺母oobjective function目标函数offset distance偏距offset circle偏距圆offset roller follower偏置滚子从动件 offfser knife-edge follower偏置尖底从动件offset flat-face follower偏置平底从动件offset slider-crank mechanism偏置曲柄滑块机构oldham coupling双转块机构open-belt drive开口传动open kinematic chain开式链open chain mechanism开式链机构optimal design优化设计output work输出功output link输出构件output mechanism输出机构output torque输 出 力 矩 output shaft输 出 轴 oscillating follower摆动从动件oscillating guide-bar mechanism摆动导杆机构ordinary gear train定轴轮系other mechanism most in use其它常用机构overlap contact ratio纵向重合度pparabolic motion抛物线运动partial balance of shaking force惯性力部分平衡path generator轨迹发生器passive degree of freedom局部自由度parallel helical gears平行轴斜齿轮 pawl棘爪periodic speed fluctuation周期性速度波动pinion小齿轮pinion and rack齿轮齿条机构pinion cutter齿轮插刀pitch curve理论廓线pitch point节 点 pitch line节线pitch circle节园pitch diameter节圆直径pitch cone节圆锥pitch cone angle节圆锥角pitch curve凸轮理论廓线planetary differential封闭差动轮系planetary drive with small teeth difference少齿差行星传动planet gear行 星 轮 planet gear train行星轮系planet carrier行星架planar pair, flat pair平面副planar mechanism平面机构planar kinematic pair平面运动副planar linkage平面连杆机构planar cam平面凸轮pneumatic mechanism气动机构polar coordinate manipulator球坐标操作器polynomial motion多项式运动规律pose, position and orientation位姿power功率pressure angle of base circle基圆压力角pressure angle of involute渐开线压力角pressure angle压力角prismatic joint移动关节qquick-return mechanism急回机构quick-return characteristics急回特性quick-return motion急回运动rrack齿条rack cutter齿条插刀radius of curvature曲率半径radius of base circle基圆半径radius of roller滚子半径ratchet棘轮ratchet mechanism棘轮机构real part实部reciprocating motion往复移动reciprocating follower移动从动件redundant degree of freedom冗余自由度redundant constraint虚约束relative velocity相对速度relative motion相对运动resultant force总反力return ， return-stroke回程revolute pair转动副revolute joint转动关节rigid circular spline刚轮rigid impulse (shock)刚性冲击rigid rotor刚性转子ring gear内齿圈rise升程rise推程robot机器人robotics机 器 人 学 robust design稳健设计rocker摇杆roller follower滚子从动件roller 滚子rotation guide-bar mechanism转动导杆机构rotor with several masses多质量转子rotating guide-bar mechanism转动导杆机构rotor转子round belt drive圆带传动sscale比例尺screw螺杆screw mechanism螺旋机构self-locking自锁shaft angle轴角shaking couple振动力矩simple harmonic motion (shm for short)简谐运动simple harmonic motion简 谐 运 动 simple harmonic motion余弦加速度运动sine generator, scotch yoke正弦机构singular position奇异位置six-bar linkage六杆机构slider滑块slider-crank mechanism曲柄滑块机构sliding pair, prismatic pair移动副space齿槽space width齿槽宽spatial mechanism空间机构spatial linkages空间连杆机构spatial cams空 间 凸 轮 机 构 spatial kinematic pair空间运动副spatial kinematic chain空间运动链speed fluctuation速度波动spherical pair球面副spherical involute球面渐开线spherical motion球面运动sphere-pin pair球销副spur gear直齿圆柱齿轮starting period起 动 阶 段 static balance静平衡standard pitch line分度线standard pitch cir