国际贸易key terms的中文解释.docx

Chapter OneBarter trade: 易货贸易Credit reference: 资信证明Direct transit trade: 直接过境贸易Economies of scale: 规模经济Commodity inspection: 商检Customs clearance: 清关Documentation: 文件Entrepot trade: 转口贸易Comparative advantage : 比较优势Direct trade: 直接贸易Domestic trade: 国内贸易Export license: 出口许可证Export procedures: 出口手续General trade: 一般贸易Import trade: 进口贸易International trade: 国际贸易Special trade: 特殊贸易Export trade: 出口贸易Import license: 进口许可证Indirect trade: 间接贸易Invisible trade: 无形贸易Transit trade: 过境贸易Free-liquidation trade: 自由结算贸易Import procedures: 进口手续Indirect transit trade: 间接过境贸易Payment: 支付Visible trade: 有形贸易 Chapter TwoActual delivery: 实际交货Appropriation: 划拨Arrival contract: 到达合同（或目的地契约）Customary practice: 报关实务Customs clearance: 清关Customs formalities: 报关Delivery: 交货Inspection: 商检Means of transport: 运输工具 Mode of transport: 运输方式Obligation: 义务Shipment contract: 转运合同Shipment notice: 转船通知Symbolic delivery:象征性交货Transfer of risk: 风险转移Chapter ThreeAcceptance: 受盘Commission: 佣金Counter-offer: 还盘Discount：折扣；贴现Enquiry: 询盘Export cost for foreign: exchange: 出口换汇成本Exchange: 汇兑Export profit margin:出口盈亏率Final price: 最终价格Total price: 总价Unfixed price: 非固定价Firm offer: 实盘Initial price: 最初价格Irrevocable offer: 不可撤销发盘Material price index: 原材料价格指数Money of account: 计价货币Money of payment: 支付货币Net price: 净价Non-firm offer: 虚盘Unit price: 单价Validity period: 有效期Offer: 发盘；报盘Offeree: 受盘者Offeror: 发盘者Price adjustment clause: 价格调整条款Price including commission: 含佣价Quotation: 配额Rebate: 回扣Revocation of an offer: 撤销报盘Wage index: 工资指数Withdrawal of an offer: 撤回报盘Chapter FourBar code: 条形码Conditioned weight: 公量Confirming sample: 确认样Counter sample: 回样 / 对等样Gross for net: 以毛作净Gross weight: 毛重Indicative mark: 指示性标志More or less clause: 溢短装条款Net weight: 净重Quality tolerance: 品质公差Quantity latitude: 数量机动幅度Reference sample: 参考样Regain: 回潮率Sale by actual commodity: 凭实际货物买卖Sale by actual quality: 凭实际品质买卖Sale by description or illustrations: 凭说明书或图样买卖Sale by grade: 凭等级买卖Sale by origin: 凭产地名称买卖Sale by sample: 凭样品买卖Sale by specifications: 凭规格买卖Sale by standard: 凭标准买卖 Sale by trade mark or brand name: 凭商标或品牌买卖Shipping mark: 运输标志Shipping package: 运输包装Shipping sample: 装船样Tare: 皮重Neutral packing: 中性包装Chapter FiveSea transportation:海运Air transportation: 空运Rail(way )transportation: 铁路运输Road transportation:陆路运输Measurement ton:尺码吨Freight ton:运费吨Ad valorem: 从价运费Charter(tramp):不定期货船Voyage charter:程租船Time charter:期租船Liner/gross terms:班轮条件Containerization: 集装箱运输Liners transportation: 班轮运输Charter transportation:租船运输 Freight rates:运输率Lay day:装卸天数Demurrage: 滞期费Straight B/L: 记名提单Order B/L:指示提单Stale B/L:过期提单Ante-dated B/L:倒签提单Advanced B/L:预签提单Surcharge:附加费Additional:附加费Basic freight:基本运费Weight ton:重量吨Sea waybill: 海运单Air waybill:空运单Partial shipments:分批装运Transshipment: 转船Time of delivery: 交货期Port of shipment: 转运港Port of destination:目的港Optional port: 选择港Chapter SixActual total loss: 实际全损Fortuitous accidents: 意外事故Insurance coverage: 保险险别Claimant: 索赔人Franchise: 免赔率Insurance policy: 保险单Combined certificate: 联合凭证General average: 共同海损Insurance premium: 保险费Constructive total loss: 推定全损General risks: 一般外来风险Insurance rate: 保险费率Contribution: 分摊Indemnity: 赔偿金Natural calamity: 自然灾害Exclusions: 除外责任Insurable interest: 保险标的物Open policy: 预约保单External risks: 外部风险Insurance certificate: 保险凭证Partial loss: 部分损失 Extraneous risks: 外来风险Insurance claim: 保险索赔Particular average: 单独海损Perils of the sea: 海上风险Proximate cause: 近因（原则）Special risks: 特殊外来风险Subject matter: 保险标的Subrogation: 代为求偿权Sum insured: 投保金额 The insured/insurant: 被保险人The insurer: 保险人Total loss: 全部损失Underwriter: 承保人Unexpected accidents: 意外事故Utmost good faith: 最大诚信原则Chapter SevenAcceptance: 承兑Anticipatory credit: 预支信用证Back-to-back credit: 背对背信用证Beneficiary: 受益人Bill of exchange: 汇票Check: 支票Clean bill: 光票Clean credit: 光票信用证Confirmed L/C: 保兑信用证Deferred payment: 延期付款Discount: 折扣，贴现Documentary bill： 跟单汇票Documentary letter of credit: 跟单信用证Endorsement: 背书Factoring: 保理业务Forfeiting: 包买票据Irrevocable L/C: 不可撤销信用证Paying instrument: 支付工具Payment by installments: 分期付款Payment in advance: 预付Payment term: 支付方式Presentation: 提示Promissory note: 本票Reciprocal credit: 对开信用证Red clause credit: 红条款信用证Remittance: 汇付Revocable L/C: 可撤销信用证Revolving credit: 循环信用证Sight draft: 即期汇票Sight L/C: 即期信用证Standby L/C: 备用信用证Tenor: 汇票期限Time/usance draft: 远期汇票Transferable L/C: 可转让信用证Chapter EightBill of exchange(a draft): 汇票Bill of lading:海运提单Booking note:托运单Certificates of origin:原产地证明书Cleanness: 清洁Commercial invoice: 商业发票Completeness: 完整性Conciseness:简洁性Consular invoices:领事发票Correctness: 准确性Customs declaration：报关Customs invoices: 海关发票Export license: 出口许可证Inspection certificate:检验证书Insurance policy: 保险单Letters of credit: 信用证Packing list: 装箱单Proforma invoices: 形式发票Promptness:敏捷Sales of contract: 销售合同Shipping advice: 装船通知Shipping order:装货单Chapter NineArbitration 仲裁Arbitration agreement: 仲裁协议Arbitration award: 仲裁裁决Arbitration body: 仲裁机构Arbitration tribunal: 仲裁法庭Arbitration hearing: 仲裁审理Arbitrator: 仲裁员Breach of contract: 违约Claim: 索赔Cla