最新大学英语四级(选词填空)专项训练

2011 年 6 月大学英语四级真题questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.the popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday.while elderly people 47 to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) 48 effect on their brains performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research.sean drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生 ) at the university of california,san diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping 49 straight through the night.more sleep in old age, however, is 50 with better health, and most older peoplewould feel better and more 51 if they slept for longer periods, he said.“ the ability to sleep in ocnheunk(整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to 52 welldoes not change, ”dr drummond told the american association for the advancement of science conference in san diego.“ its53 a myth that older people need less sleep. the more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were 54 . our data suggests that older adults would benefit from 55 to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. thats 56 from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75.”注意：此部分试题请在 答题卡 2 上作答。a) alerti) formallyb) associatedj) functionc) attractingk) mixedd) clingl) negativee) continuingm) sufficientf) definitelyn) tendg) differento) younger答案 part iv reading comprehension (reading in depth)47 n tend48 l negative 49 h efficiently50 b associated51 a alert52 j function/ 53 f definitely54 o younger 55 e continuing56 g different文章大意： 本文主要讲述的是关于老年人睡眠的问题：是否老年人与年轻人相比只需要较少的睡眠时间？2010 年 12 月英语四级考试真题questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.what determines the kind of person you are? what factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? all of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . the study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biologyinfluences mind, brain and behavior.any research that suggests that50to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can51based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? it is easy to accept that genescontrol physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. but can genes also determine whether people willget divorced, how52 they are, orwhat career they are likelyto choose? aconcern of psychological scientists is the53to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. increasingly, science54that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. from this perspective,people are born55likeundeveloped photographs: theimage isalready captured, but the way it56appears can vary based on the development process. however, the basic picture is there from the beginning.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。a abilitiesi extentb achievej indicatesc appealk proceedsd complaints l psychologicale contributionsm raisedf displayedn smartg essentiallyo standardh eventually答案 part iv reading comprehension (reading in depth)47. m) raised48. l) psychological49. e) contributions50. a) abilities51. b) achieve52. n) smart53. i) extent54. j) indicates55. g) essentially56. h) eventually2010 年 6 月英语四级考试真题part iv reading comprehension (reading in depth) (25 minutes) section adirections: in this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. you are required toselect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. please mark the corresponding letter for each item on answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. you may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.when we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new onesthe kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. but the u.s. has more than 100 millionexisting homes, and itwould be 47 wasteful to tear them all down and 48 them with greener versions. an enormous amount of energy and resourceswent into the construction of those houses.and it would take an average of 65 years for the 49 carbon emissions from a newenergy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. so in the broadest 50 , the greenest home is the one that has already been built. but at the same time, nearly half of u. s. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and 51 our homes, offices and other buildings. you cant deal withclimate change without dealing with existing buildings, says richard moe, the president of the national trust.with some 52 , the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. housesbuilt before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that 53 over time and let in more outside air.fortunately, there are a 54 number of relatively simple changes that cangreen older homes, from 55 ones like lincolns cottage to your own postwar home. and efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help 56 property owners from rising power costs.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。a) accommodationsb) clumsyc) doubtfuld) exceptionse) expandf) historicg) incrediblyh) poweringi) protectj) reducedk) replacel) sensem) shiftedn) supplyingo) vast答案 part iv reading comprehension (reading in depth)47. g incredibly48. k replace49. j reduced50. l sense51. h powering52. d exceptions53. e expand54. o vast55. f historic56. i protect2009 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题及答案questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.in families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a childs language development than mothers, a new study suggests.researchers 47 92 families form 11 child care centers before their children werea year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements.overall, it was a group of well-class families, with married parents both living in the home.when the children were 2, researchersvideotaped them at home in free-playsessions with both parents, 48 all of their speech. the study will appear in the november issue of the journal of applied developmental psychology.the scientists measuredthe 49 number of utterance (话语) of the parents, thenumber of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 50 of their speech.on average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.finally, the researchers 51 the childrens speech at age 3, using a standardizedlanguage test. the only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother s level of education, the 52 of child care and the number of different words the father used.the researchers are 53 why the father effect.s speech, and not the mothers, had an“its well 54 that the mother s language does have an impac”t,said nadyapancsofar, the lead author of the study. it could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had 55 had a strong influence on their children s speech development,ms. pancsofar said,“ or it may be that mothers are 56 in a way we didn t measure the study.”注意：此部分试题在答题卡1 上。a) alreadyb) analyzedc) aspectsd) characterse) contributingf) describingg) establishedh) qualityi) quotedj) recordingk) recruitedl) totalm) unconsciousn) unsureo) yet答案 part iv reading comprehension (reading in depth) 47.【快速解题】动词辨义题。k【火眼金睛】本句缺少谓语，根据句中before 引导的时间状语从句中的过去时态， 可以断定谓语动词应使用过去时。根据句意， 备选动词中 recruited 符合题意。此外备选词中analyzed是强干扰项，但其实并不合适，因为“研究者们分 析了 92 个家庭，并且逐一询问了他们的收入、受教育状况、孩子的照顾情况。”其中“分析”与“逐一询问”在逻辑意义上不符。48. 【快速解题】动词辨义题。j【火眼金睛】空格处在with 短语中，且应该作宾语parents 的补足语。根据句意可知此处应为“研究人员将他们与父母双方在家自由玩耍的情景录制下来，并记录他们所有的谈话。 ”可以看出此处需填一个动名词，并含有“记录” 的意思，备选动词中recording 符合题意。49. 【快速解题】动词辨义题。l【火眼金睛】空格位于the 与 number 之间，可知此处需填入一个形容词作定语。备选形容词中total 符合题意，意为“父母亲话语总的数量”。50. 【快速解题】名词辨义题。c【火眼金睛】空格位于other 之后，可知此处需填入名词，备选名词只有aspects 符合题意，意为“科学家们测量了父母亲话语总的数量，使用不同词汇的数量，他们的语句的复杂程度以及他们语言的其他方面。”51. 【快速解题】动词辨义题。b【火眼金睛】空格在主语the researchers之后，可知此处应填入谓语动词的过去时态。剩余的备选动词中analyzed 符合题意，意为“最后，当孩子们三岁时，研究者们对孩子进行了标准化的语言测试，并对他们的语言进行了分析。 ”52. 【快速解题】名词辨义题。h【火眼金睛】空格处前后分别为the 与 of ，可知此处需填入名词，根据上下文可知该句意为 “测试中， 预测高分的指标包括母亲受教育的程度，养育孩子的质量，父亲使用不同词汇的数量。 ”备选名词中 quality符合题意。53. 【快速解题】形容词辨义题。n【火眼金睛】空格位于be 动词与 why从句之间，可知需填入形容词或过去分词，以构成系表结构。动词中的剩余词汇，均不能使句意通顺。备选形容词 中 unsure 可使句意通顺，意为“令研究者们疑惑的是为什么父亲而非母亲的语言对孩子有影响。”54. 【快速解题】动词辨义题。g【火眼金睛】空格处在is well 和 that 从句之间，此处需要填入过去分词。备选动词中 established 符合题意 , 其中 it is well established that，意为“大家公认”。55. 【快速解题】副词辨义题。a【火眼金睛】本句结构完整，空格处需填入一个副词。空格前后的 had 并不相同，前面的 had 是构成过去完成时态的助动词，后面的 had 是短语 have a strong influence on ，结合句意，备选副词中 already 符合题意。56. 【快速解题】动词辨义题。e【火眼金睛】纵观全句，空格处应填入现在分词，与are 构成现在进行时态。根据句意“最终对于整个学校的文化氛围都会产生有益的影响”。备选动词中 contributing 符合题意 , 意为“可能母亲起作用的方式在研究中我们没有测量。”2009 年 6 月英语四级考试真题与答案questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.every year in the first week of my english class, some students inform me that writhing is too hard. they never write, unless assignments 47 it . they fine the writing process 48 and difficult.how awfulto be able to speak ina language but not to writeinit-49 english , with its rich vocabulary . being able to speak but not write is like living inan50mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . wheni meet studentswho think they can t write, i know as a teacher my51is to show them the rest of the rooms . my task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to52the moral and emotional development of my students . one great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.writing ability is like strength training. writing needs to be done 53 , just like exercise ; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. i often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after only a few weeks of journal writing .expressing oneself in writingis one of the most important skills i teach to strengthen the whole student. when my students practice journal writing,they are practicing for their future academic, political,and55lives . they build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. every day that they write in their journals puts them a step56to fluency , eloquence(雄辩), and command of language .a) closeri) painfulb) dailyj) performancec) emotionalk) professiond) enhancel) remarkablye) enormousm) requiref) especiallyn) sensitiveg) hindero) urge答案 part iv reading comprehension (reading in depth)47. m require48. i painful49.f especially50. e enormous51.h mission52. d enhance53. b daily54.j performance55. k profession56 a daily2008 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题question 47-56a bookless life is an incomplete life. books influence the depth and breadth of life. they meet the natural 47 for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. readers turn 48 to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to 49 fromtheir own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. through their reading they finda deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it wasand it is now. they are presented with a 50 of human experiences and come to 51 other ways of thought and living. and while 52 their own relationships and responses to life , the readers often find that the 53 intheir stories are goingthroughsimilaradjustments, whichhelptoclarifyand give significance to their own.booksprovide 54 materialforreaders im aginationtogrow.imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. whileenrichingtheirimagination,books 55 theiroutlook,developa fact-findingattitudeand trainthem touse leisure 56 . thesocialand educational significance of the readers books cannottebdeinovaenreasctaimdeamiclibrary.a. abundantb. charactersc. communicatingd. completelye. derivef. desireg. diversityh. escapei. establishingm. properlyj. narrown. respectk. naturallyo. widenl. personnel答案 part iv reading comprehension (reading in depth)47. f/ desire48. k/ naturally49. h/ escape50. g/ diversity51. n/ respect55. o/ widen52. i/ establishing56. m/ properly53. b/ characters54. a/ abundant2008 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题section asome years ago i was offered a writingassignment that would require threemonths of travel through europe. i had been abroad a couple of times, but i could hardly _47_ to know my way around the continent. moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was _48_ to a little college french.i hesitated. how would i, unable to speak the language, _49_ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up _50_ and do research? it seemed impossible, and with considerable _51_ i sat down to write a letter begging off.halfway through, a thought can through my mind: you can learn if you dont try. soi accepted the assignment.there were some bad _52_. but by the time i had finished the trip i was an experienced traveler. and ever since, i have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guiders or even _53_ bookings, confident that somehow i will manage.the point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition _54_. but each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the worldopens to you.i ve learned to ski at 40, and flown up the rhine river in a _55_. and i knowillgo on doing such things. it s not becausei m braver or more daring than others. im not. but i ll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and i believe i can _56_ wonders.a) accomplishb) advancedc) balloond) claime) constantlyf) declareg) interviewsh)limitedi) manufacturej) momentsk) newsl) reducedm) regretn) scaryo) totally答案 part iv reading comprehension (reading in depth)47. d) claim48. h) limited49. o) totally50. g) interviews51. m) regret 52. j) moments53. b) advanced54. n) scary55. c) balloon 56. a) accomplish2007 年 12 月四级考试真题questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.as war spreads to many comers of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts.in afghanistan, bosnia, and colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education47 .the children, after learningtoresolveconflicts,tookonthe48ofpeacemakers. thechildren smovement for peacemakers was even nominated(提名) or the nobelpeace prize in1998. groups of children 49 is peacemakers studied human rights an poverty issues in colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in bogota known a theschools of peace.theclassroom 50opportunitiesforchildrentoreplace angry, violent behaviors with51 ,peaceful ones. it is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step 52 toward becoming peacemakers. fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are 53 useful when helping children along the path to peace. the young peacemakersclub, started in 1992, provides a website with resourcesfor teachers and 54 on staring a kindnesscampaign. the world centers of compassion for children international call attention to children s rights and how to hel5p5thoef war. starting a peacemakers clubis a praiseworthy venture for a class an one that could spread to other classrooms an ideally affect the culture of the 56 school.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。a) actingi) informationb) assumingj) offersc) comprehensivek) projects d) cooperativel) respectivelye) entirem) rolef) especiallyn) technologyg) forwardo) victimsh) images答案 part iv reading comprehension (reading in depth)47. k. projects48. m. role49. a. acting50. j. offers51. d. cooperative52. g. forward53. f. especially54. i. information55. o. victims56. e. entire.2007年6月23日大学英语四级 (cet-4)真题试卷及答案questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. in particular, when older patients 47 of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would haveto learn to live with it.times have changed. today, we take pain 48 . indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in 49 a person s w-eblel ing. we know that chronic (慢性的 ) pain can disrupt (扰乱) a person s life, causing problems that 50 from missed work to depression.that s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who 51