English-chinese death euphemism culture contrast analysis.docx

Abstract： The euphemism is human exists in the society a linguistic phenomenon. Due to the western culture is different, in the use of euphemism also exist many differences. In this paper, Chinese and western euphemism cross-cultural phenomenon makes a comparative study, reveals its inner link. Key words: euphemism, traditional euphemism, stylistic euphemism, the religious culture Euphemism (Euphemism) a words derive from Greek prefix eu = demand and root pheme = speaking. According to the English euphemism sep dictionary definition, the euphemism is a kind of harmless or sweet words replace those more direct, the abrupt words, use a kind word to cover up facts of the modified method. It is not only a social language phenomenon, but also a cultural phenomenon. 中文摘要委婉语是人类社会中存在的一种语言现象。由于东西方文化的不同，在委婉语的使用上也存在许多差异。本文对中西委婉语跨文化现象进行了对比研究，揭示了其内在联系。关键词:委婉语;传统委婉语;文体委婉语;宗教文化 委婉语（Euphemism）一词源自希腊语的前缀eu=well 和词根pheme=speaking。根据英语委婉语详解词典的定义，委婉语是一种用无害的或悦耳的词语替代那些较直接的、唐突的言词，用善意的话语把事实掩盖起来的修饰手段。它不仅是一种社会语言现象，更是一种文化现象。ContentsI.The euphemism the classification and functionII.English languages death euphemism different reasons.III、Different religious culture brings expression differences.IIII、Different language and culture brings expression differences.IIII、Chinese exist special phonetic taboo and history back its territoryIII、ClosingIV、References.English-chinese death euphemism culture contrast analysisFirst, the euphemism the classification and function English euphemism can generally be divided into two kinds: traditional euphemism (benefit and stylistic euphemisms) euphemism (stylistic euphemisms). The conventional euphemism, is closely related with the taboo language. Such as birth, death, disease, sexual taboos things, such as if direct expression, is taboo language, the sense that gives a person is vulgar, stiff, rude, Conversely, if the indirect expression is euphemism, gives the impression of elegance, implicative, heard, and courteous. So-called style euphemism, is actually a compliment, praise and taboo words irrelevant. Euphemism the function: taboo function, avoiding vulgar function or functions, polite culgar function of covering up function and commending function (softened or exaggerated function). Death is general human faces serious problem in the daily life happen from time to tome. Because both English and Chinese cultural backgrounds are different, reflects the attitude towards death differences. Second, English languages death euphemism different reasons 1, different religious culture brings expression differences Christianity in English speaking countries of people living plays an important role, its about the death of euphemism mainly comes from the bible, and Christianity are closely related. Many christians believe that the afterlife and original sin say, in their view, death means to go to on (into heaven), to be as gymnastics Cod (was summoned to the god that) or to cancel account (frequented XiaoZhang). In China, no one religion can like Christian in English speaking countries has the important position and influence. Chinese the death of euphemism reflect is a variety of ideology and religious beliefs, the expression of life, death is different views. And the western Christianity eponymous Buddhism, although originated in India, but since the tang dynasty has impact on China, with unspeakable Christian beyond similar generation metempsychosis, said. We often say death, death, order death euphemism, all of this. In English, death putting a lot of euphemism in the monitors: and Jesus, be asleep in of the valley, be in s bosom, putting Abraham promoted to glory), be taken to paradise, etc. Chinese are mainly from the Taoist and buddhist related message, such as death Taoist relevant euphemism are: soft edges, passing, XianYou, ascend fairy, hsien, went riding crane, the bucket, afterward, driving return; etc; Buddhism are: ZuoHua, RuJi, died, and heaven, destroy physico-chemical, Ann, nirvana, reincarnation, nirvana, moved the optimization, to silence, etc. The monks death for nirvana ; Age and die for worshiped; XunQing for moths flapping fire; As for the whole die chastity; section For national interests and die for XunGuo ; With the monarch together dead for buried corse ; For the defence of the motherland is martyr die, Communistss death is to meet Marx, are more common people of so-called underground worker and so on to the dead of banter says. 2, different language and culture brings expression differences Two people are the death as rest or sleep, sleep, immigration to be at rest, autoresponder to dust these are pressing reflects the two great peoples on the death view of similarities. No matter what nationality are the death look very mysterious, but also very taboo say death. People usually think that as long as dont say dead word, seem to death wont come to them. Therefore, people often use death of euphemism instead of death word. Actually, from the perspective of semiotics speaking, language is a kind of symbolic set, is certain language form and certain semantic combination, language form and material is no connection between, language is not with superhuman powers. However, due to the previous people dont really understand the essence of language, in addition to natural phenomena and forces understanding inadequacy, language are often linked with some natural phenomena, or with certain elements of fate brings human connection. So, language will be given a itself has not, superman feeling and strength; social members agreed that the language itself can give a person of happiness or disaster, adhere to the language is the root of misfortune, who want to offend the roots, who will receive a punishment; conversely, please it would take refuge and bless. (ChenYuan) this evil is fierce, namely the disaster that evil said for language superstitions in eastern and western cultures, they are very popular. Death is perhaps the most people fear and most taboo, most do not want to talk about the topic, so English language has a lot about a euphemism for die. English: be in rest, be asleep at the and of God, answer the call, immigration, n, breathe a-one Mr. s, be no more, the CARDS, throw up, etc. Chinese in the old, didnt, died shortly, 64-match, died, died, has died, the buddhist paradise, heaven, etc. Although English language there are many said death euphemism, but their expression forms and the cultural connotation but have very big difference. death in Chinese euphemism for class, status, level, identity, object, style of vary a different story. Emperor dead and died.both the euphemism, abandon princes, palace YanJia, a thousand years after car long live etc., queen dowager death, also known as YanJia. to the beauty of the dead called sweet consequence suddenly disappear, jade bead heavy. for sacrifice, died a portion etc; celebrity death as died, kicking the ; general friends as rest, from the; bad people die for see yan, finished, kicking, WuHuAiZai etc. But English euphemism dead less so variety. 3, Chinese exist special phonetic taboo and history back its territory. Our country folk superstitious people think, 73 and 84 two trap, folk circulates seventy-three, 37, yan dont call themselves, so many old people are not willing to say the above age, often say more or less said one year old. These deemed and death related digital to withdraw. Many with dead homophonic word is taboo list. There are many places gifts do not send clock, because send clock and again homophonic. Jiaodong fishermen eat fish cant say, turn, can only say elapsed, turn means capsized, means death, so want to be avoided. This reflects the han nationality unique cultural psychology. Third, closing Death euphemism in other nations of the world language there are reflected. For the death euphemistic for many reasons, sometimes with superstition eyes. Sometimes reluctant to cause abhorred or sorrow feeling, Sometimes it is by pragmatic function