四川大学历年考博英语翻译题答案.doc

2004 答案1.英译汉第一次世界大战和经济大萧条迫使人们不得不重新冷静地评价来势迅猛的技术大爆炸。一种思想派别技术决定主义认为，现代社会再也不是19世纪及20世纪初期的工业年代了。他们说，后工业时代社会已经成为一种现实。先进电子技术所带来的复杂的社会技术网络已经使国家的政府机构，资本主义性质的公司和人口拥挤的城市失去原有的作用。2.汉译英Moon gazing is an ancient art. To prehistoric hunters their understanding of the moon overhead was a unerring as heartbeat. They knew that every 29 days it became full-bellied and brilliant, then sickened and died, and then was the reborn. They knew that the waxing moon appeared larger and higher overhead after each succeeding sunset while the waning moon rose later each night until it vanished in the sunrise. 2003 答案1.英译汉： 现在，城市化比以前任何时候都更有影响。它是世界性的，到处都可以感受到它的影响。联合国的统计数字表明，在约30年的时间里，全世界过半的人口将住在城市里。这是个具有深远意义的转变，也许是人类史的一个重要里程碑并将以现在无法想象的方式去影响着人类和大自然。整个人类的定居史都与地形学和资源有着密切的联系。直到几个世纪之前，人类定居模式还是主要由农业、渔业、采矿业、水利和国防而定。城镇和村落相继发展成了商业和市场中心，服务于落后地区。在欧洲，从文艺复兴起，有钱人就在乡下修建了大型的住宅，然后往返于城乡之间。大多数这样的城市化发展到了一定的规模，这样的转变速度就能够要求它要与自然环境和谐相处。2. 汉译英：1.To realize the established layout and goals of economic and social development , China needs not only a domestic stability, but also an international peaceful setting, especially peaceful environment with surrounding countries. Peace and development are two big issues around the world and people everywhere hope to have a stable and peaceful environment to develop their economy and better their lives. 2.In these years, as Chinese economy develops fast , China has begun the practice of many practical and flexible new approaches to the foreign trade policy, open-door policy, and foreign trade system. According to the information issued by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of PRC, the total volume of Chinas import and export is increasing. 3.Scientists are doing research on the relation of longevity and existence psychology and social aspects. Many factors that affect life are innate. But to our surprise, many factors can be changed by man. We have already learnt a very important way to benefit the health condition, namely, changing unhealthy mood into a sound one.4.The involution of knowledge is irreversible, yet it is the duty for the society to point out what is improperly used. If possible, man should act now and make international restrictions to forbid any experiment of human-cloning in the world.5.Astronauts must be very strong and healthy to sustain the great pressure they would feel during the launching and landing. When traveling in space or orbiting around the planet, the feeling of weight caused by gravity no longer exist. This state is called weightlessness. 2003 答案英译汉：科学工作的魅力并不在于像工匠一样使用一件科学工具。体操运动员用训练有素的身体完成各种高难度的动作，这很令人敬佩；而科学家用训练有素的头脑进行一系列复杂的分析和试验，毫无疑问这同样令人敬佩。然而，科学努力的巨大魅力恰恰在于对新思想进行推理探索，以求扩大我们对世界的理解的视野。这种努力不同于优雅的、机灵的体操运动员所做出的努力。正相反，科学家在似乎毫无逻辑体系可言的思想和事实的丛林中跌跌撞撞地前进，并且往往伤痕累累而一无所获。探索充满了危险，其中包括另一个天才的竞争对手可能已达到了目标。虽然对于能力超群和雄心勃勃的竞争者来说，竞赛规则通常是公正无私的，但这并不能减少上述风险。尽管如此，更多地了解这种对新知识的探索是如何进行的，这本身就是一种对新知识的有价值的探索，因而不应当放弃。 汉译英：1Any attempt to obstruct the peaceful reunification of China is doomed to failure. （to fail.）Peaceful reunification of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits represents the unshakable will and determination of the entire Chinese people including our compatriots in Taiwan.2Good leaders are ambitiousnot only for themselves, but also for those who work with them. They seek to attract, retain and develop other people to their full abilities.3. Recycling the amount of waste generated by placing limits on packaging or restricting the use of disposable products should be at the top of every nations, communitys and individuals list of environmentally wise “things to do”.4. We stand for establishing a new international political and economic order that is fair and rational. Politically all countries should respect and consult one another and should not seek to impose their will on others.5. Some economic analysts believe that the world supply of precious minerals has been understated or that new finds (for example, Mexican oil fields) will be enough to take care of U.S. energy needs.2002答案1英译汉通过向湖泊，河流，溪流及其他集水地投放石灰可以缓解酸雨所带来的损失。石灰可以缓解酸化的一些征兆，但并非真正的解决方法，对于许多湖泊和流动水体都不太现实，而且也不能解决问题的病根。在污染源降低到一个令人满意的水平之前，我们应该把它看作是一种临时性应付措施。永久性的解决办法就是首先要减少污染源。在保护水和森林方面的严格的控制所起到的作用以外，他们还将在防止腐蚀方面挽救数以百万计的美元的损失。在热带的某些地区比较容易或很容易受到酸化的影响，这将会带来很麻烦的问题。我们需要了解这些问题的本质。 在热带的干旱地区，由于降雨量稀少，酸雨本身也起不了什么大的作用，而干的沉积物的作用不祥。目前人们对温带的酸化进行了研究，而潮湿的地区，那里的生态系统，温度和湿度水平都和温带的不同，有可能产生很不相同的问题。2汉译英1During the Tenth Five-year Plan, we shall carry out in a better way the strategies of Winning by Quality, Market Diversification and Reinvigorating Trade by Science and Technology. At the same time, we shall transform the growth mode of foreign trade and economic cooperation. Unremitting efforts shall be made in restructuring Chinas foreign trade and economic cooperation which include the constant improvement of the commodity mix of import and export, the structure of trade methods, regional distribution and market composition.2I believe that more opportunities will be created for foreign businesspeople to participate in the development of western China following our WTO accession and greater space for development of themselves. In the meantime, the economic potential of the western regions could be tapped to a deeper degree. 3To promote (fairness )equality, unity and progress of all nationalities in China, our Government has paid special attention to the training of minority women cadres, set up minority schools and offered training courses for minority women cadres, so as to advance fast development of the women cadres .4. Sufficient efforts must be put into the research of natural science theories. Overlooking this would we neither master and apply the results of advanced science and technology, nor can we solve the important problems we would face in our construction of our country. 5.Old and young cadres have their own merits and shortcomings respectively, therefore, they should learn from each other and respect each other. They should learn from others strong points and offset ones own weakness so as to improve the collective leadership and improve their efficiency. 2001答案英译汉:面对无意识的干扰和对浪漫的憧憬, 高中生很可能在思想上不知所措. 一般来说,他们比较害羞或是怕难为情; 他们不够直率, 通常比较敏感但又不愿意承认. 他们或是受到可能与之能力不相称的远大雄心所激励, 或是受控于害怕不能完成自己的目标而产生的出奇的懒惰.从根本上看,他们希望能够忙碌起来有事情做,但是又不愿意承认这点. 他们通常是早期训练不够的受害者, 这使得每一份努力都变得更加困难. 他们愿意工作,但又不喜欢为达不到自己想要目标而工作.他们的鉴别能力开始得到提高, 而且对于他们的教员和所使用的教材进行批评. 他们开始感到了时间的压力; 虽然他们很少说出来, 却真正想得到咨询并有机会做自己的事情, 然而,他们是需要大量的指导的. 他们很少承认他们需要这样的指导而经常拒绝接受指导.但是,如果这样的指导是很巧妙的给予时,他们都非常乐意接受的.汉译英:1. Changan was not only the national center of politics, economy and culture, but it was also the largest international city in the East. 2. Though a language forms a part of a culture, it is a set of related symbols with importance; through these symbols a culture reveals and expresses its implied tradition and value concept.3. The reason that China insists on independence and peace as its foreign policy is that it has suffered greatly the invasion of imperialism for about a century, therefore, it cherishes more the peaceful life that came hard , sympathizes other people that suffer and feels more willingly to support those in the united effort to maintain world peace. 4. In America, like anywhere else in the world, clothing reflects ones social class and income to certain extent, or in the youngsters group, it may show a young persons attitude towards himself and the society.5. The foundation of nationality unity has been formed now, the pr