新概念青少版2A复习总结(语法)

.part 1时态新概念 2a 总复习;.一、现在进行时：表示说话时正在做的事情1、基本结构： be+doing（ do 代指所有动词原形） 肯定句：主语 +am/is/are+doing.my mother is talking with the dentist.否定句：主语 +am/is/are not+doing.they arent playing games.一般疑问句： is/are+主语+doing.?yes主,语+am/is/are.is she waiting for a bus?no,主语+am/is/are not.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/are+主语+doing.?where are they doing their homework?2、动词现在分词变化规则：1) 一般情况下 ,直接在动词后加 ingwork - workingsleep - sleepingstudystudying2) 动词以不发音的 e 结尾,要去 e 加 ingtake - takingmake - makingdancedancing3) 重读闭音节的动词 ,要双写词尾字母 ,再加 ingcut - cuttingput - puttingbeginbeginning4) 以 ie 结尾的动词 ,把变成 y 再加 ing lie - lyingtie - tyingdiedying二、一般现在时：表示客观事实、真理经常发生、有规律的事情1、基本结构：带有 be 动词:主语 +am/is/are+肯定句：主语 +am/is/are+n./adj./prep. 短语.the sky is blue.my music book is in the bag.否定句：主语 +am/is/are not+n./adj./prep. 短语.it isnt my magazine. the curtain isnt clean.一般疑问句： is/are+主语+n./adj./prep. 短语.?yes主,语+am/is/are.are these gloves yours?no,主语+am/is/are not.is there any water in the jug？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/are+主语+n./adj./prep. 短语 ?which one is right?who is the man in a black hat?带有实义动词： 主语 +(never/sometimes/often/usually/always )v.原形 /v.三单+.(every morning/day/week. )肯定句：主语 +v.原形/ 三单+.they usually live in dry places. it sometimes rains in summer.否定句：主语 +dont /doesnt +v.原形+.we dont go to school on weekends.do/does/did: 照妖镜， 后面的动词要现原形linda doesnt walk to school, but she goes by car.一般疑问句： do/does+主语+v.原形.？yes主,语+do/does.do you always arrive at school very early?no,主语+dont/doesn t. does lucy have a rest every afternoon?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语 +v.原形?how do you go to school every morning发? 音:why does she always arrive so late?2、动词第三人陈单数变化规则：1) 一般直接在动词尾直接加s. 如 ： playplays, want wants, work works, knowknows,help helps, getgets清辅音后 /s/浊辅音和元音后 /z/2) 以字母 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的动词加 -es 发音/iz/ ；如： guessguesses,fixfixes,teachteaches,brushbrushes, watchwatches,catchcatches3) 以辅音字母 y 结尾的动词 ,先变 y 为 i,再加-es.发音/z/ 如： studystudies,carrycarries,flyflies,worryworries1、学生们在干什么？有一些在打电话，另一些躺在沙滩上。 the students ? some on the phone, on the beach.2、“格林先生在看电视吗？”“不， 他在打扫房间。”“ mr green tv?” “ , he the house”. 3、魏芳不是在读书，她在写信。wei fang a book. she a letter.4、今天天气怎么样？ is the weather today?或 is the weather today?5、我正在通过收音机学(learn) 英语。i english on the radio. 6、这个老人每天早上六点钟起床。the old man at six oclock in the morning every day.7、你从哪里来？where you from?或 where you from?我从美国来。i from america.或 i from america.8、 my father always (come) back from work very late. 9、 the teacher is busy. he (sleep) six hours a day.10、listen! joan (sing) in the classroom.she often (sing) there.11 、 your brother (know) japanese?12、 where you (have) lunch every day? 13、the girl (like) wearing a skirt.look! she (wear) a red skirt today.14. you cant see her now；she（ have） a bath.15. he usually（drink ）coffee but today he（ drink）tea. 16the children（ have）a good time at the party very much right now. 17a： how（you usually get）to work ？b： i usually（go） by bus but today i(go)by car.18. the green（ watch） tv now.19. listen！who（ sing） in the classroom over there？ 20be quite！ grandfather（sleep） in the bedroom now. 21he（ go）to work by car every day.22she（visit）her grandmother on monday and friday twice a week. 23look！ they（ fly） kites over there.24her name（ be）lucy. she（ be）my best friend. she（ like） reading and watching tv. she（ have ） a happy family.三、一般将来时：表示以后将会发生的事情(be going to:打算，计划 )基本机构： 主语+be going to +v原. 形+(时间)肯定句：主语 +am/is/are+going to+ v.原形.？ its going to be a very early start.they are going to meet their teacher.否定句：主语 +am/is/are not+going to+ v.原形.im not going to take photos. she isnt going to be a model.表示将来的时间：tomorrow, next week, next year 等时间放在句尾一般疑问句： is/are+主语+going to+ v原.形.?yes主,语+am/is/are.are you going to have a walk along the river?no,主语+am/is/are not.is he going to have a bath？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/are+主语+going to+ v.原形 ?what re you going to do this morning? who is he going to meet for lunch?.1. 明年我打算卖了 (sell)我的旧车，然后买辆新的。.2. 我打算下周打扫我的房间。.3. paul不打算理发。.4. 你打算周六下午去看牙医吗？?5. 他明天早上打算做什么？?6. 你打算去哪里买书？?7. clair 打算和谁一起去？?四、一般过去时：表示过去特定的时间发生的事情1、基本结构：带有 be 动词:主语+was/were+.(过去的时间 )肯定句：主语 +was/were+n./adj./prep. 短语.there werent any women in the race many years ago. it was very cold yesterday.否定句：主语 +was/were not+n./adj./prep. 短语.he wasnt at home yesterday morning. the real london bus was very old.一般疑问句： was/were+主语 +n./adj./prep. 短语.?yes主,语+did.were they at the railway station a short time ago?no,主语+didnt. was the old bus very dangerous?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+n./adj./prep. 短语 ?what was the old bus like? when were they in the race?带有实义动词： 主语 +v.过去式 +.;.肯定句：主语 +v.过去式 +.we had some chocolate last weekend.否定句：主语 +didnt +v.原形+.we didnt have any sweets last weekend.一般疑问句： did+主语+v.原形？did you buy any fruit the day before yesterday?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+v.原形?what did you do last summer vacation?2、动词过去式变化规则：1) 一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed, 如：注意!此处有照妖镜出没,注意动词形式-ed 发音:清辅音后 /t/浊辅音和元音后 /d/t/d后/id/am,is,washavehadareweredodideatategowentgivegavereadreadfeelfeltcomecamebuyboughtflyflewdrivedroveriderodeputputsellsoldseesawgetgotsitsathanghungbringbroughtbecomebecamebreakbroketaketookcutcutmeetmetleaveleftsaysaidrunrantelltoldsleepsleptwritewrotewinwonfindfoundwork workedplayplayedwantwantedask asked2)以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加-d,如：live livedmove movedtaste tasted3)以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的动词，把y 改成 i,加 ed, 如：study studiestry triedcopycopiedcarrycarried 4)重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加ed, 如：stopstopped5)常用不规则动词过去式1. i (have) an exciting party last weekend.2. she (practice) her guitar yesterday? no, she .3. what tom (do) on saturday evening?he (watch) tv and (read) an interesting book.4. they all (go) to the mountains yesterday morning.5. she (not visit)