RedHatLinuxAS4Update5静默安装及升级Oracle10G10203.doc

Red Hat Enterrise Linux4 Update5 环境下静默方安装Oracle升级到数据库，并创建数据库Oracle10G安装目录一、检查安装环境：3二、静默安装Oracle10G数据库软件9三、静默安装监听器：10四、静默升级Oracle10G软件11五、静默创建Oracle10G数据库13六、设置oracle服务自启动16一、检查安装环境：LinuxAS4Update5在安装时，将所有开发相关的组件全部安装；rootlocalhost # rpm -q binutils compat-db control-center gcc gcc-c+ glibc glibc-common gnome-libs libstdc+ libstdc+-devel make pdksh sysstat xscreensaver libaiobinutils-.2-22compat-db-4.1.25-9control-center-2.8.0-12.rhel4.5gcc-3.4.6-8gcc-c+-3.4.6-8glibc-2.3.4-2.36glibc-common-2.3.4-2.36gnome-libs-.90-44.1libstdc+-3.4.6-8libstdc+-devel-3.4.6-8make-3.80-6.EL4pdksh-5.2.14-30.3package sysstat is not installedxscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.13libaio-0.3.105-2rootlocalhost #sysstat没有安装，在安装盘4中的RedHatRPMS下找到sysstat-5.0.5-14.rhel4.i386.rpm，上传至LINUX机器并安装rootlocalhost # rpm -Uvh sysstat-5.0.5-14.rhel4.i386.rpm warning: sysstat-5.0.5-14.rhel4.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID db42a60ePreparing. # 100% 1:sysstat # 100%rootlocalhost #安装后检查：rootlocalhost # rpm -q sysstatsysstat-5.0.5-14.rhel4rootlocalhost #安装成功！判断本机是否安装过oracle：rootlocalhost # more /etc/oraInst.loc/etc/oraInst.loc: No such file or directoryrootlocalhost #表示没有安装过oracle创建安装Oracle需要的用户和组：rootlocalhost # groupadd oinstallrootlocalhost # groupadd dbarootlocalhost # useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oraclerootlocalhost #设置oracle用户密码，这里设置为“oracle”rootlocalhost # passwd oracleChanging password for user oracle.New UNIX password: BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary wordRetype new UNIX password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.rootlocalhost #创建安装oracle所需的目录：rootlocalhost # mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/db_1rootlocalhost # chown oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oraclerootlocalhost # chown oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle/db_1rootlocalhost #配置Linux系统内核参数：rootlocalhost # vi /etc/sysctl.conf修改或添加以下参数：kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 256000000 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 65536 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default = 1048576 net.core.rmem_max = 1048576 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 262144注：一般而言我们只需要修改kernel.shmmax 这个值，该参数应该是物理内存的一半(字节)编辑完之后存盘退出，然后运行下列命令重新加载并验证参数是否正确：rootlocalhost # sysctl -pnet.ipv4.ip_forward = 0net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0kernel.sysrq = 0kernel.core_uses_pid = 1kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 256000000kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128fs.file-max = 65536net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000net.core.rmem_default = 1048576net.core.rmem_max = 1048576net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 262144rootlocalhost #Oracle建议对每个Linux账户可以使用的进程数和打开的文件数设置限制（可选设置）打开文件limits.conf rootlocalhost # vi /etc/security/limits.conf加入以下参数：* soft nproc 2047* hard nproc 16384* soft nofile 1024* hard nofile 65536修改/etc/pam.d/login文件rootlocalhost # vi /etc/pam.d/login加入参数：session required /lib/security/pam_limits.sosession required pam_limits.sorootlocalhost # vi /etc/selinux/config确保存在以下内容：SELINUX=disabled配置oracle 用户的环境变量rootlocalhost # su - oracleoraclelocalhost $ vi .bash_profile文件内容修改为：# .bash_profile# Get the aliases and functionsif -f /.bashrc ; then . /.bashrcfi# User specific environment and startup programs# Oracle Environmentexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/db_1export ORACLE_SID=orclexport ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/dataLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/libLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PATHexport PATH=$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATHexport NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBKexport PATHunset USERNAMEif $USER = oracle ; thenif $SHELL = /bin/ksh ; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fifi到此，安装Oracle的准备工作基本完成，下一步，可以选择图形界面安装或静默安装方式，这里使用静默安装方式：二、静默安装Oracle10G数据库软件修改响应文件：oraclelocalhost database$ cd response/oraclelocalhost response$ vi enterprise.rsp修改必要的参数UNIX_GROUP_NAME=”oinstall”FROM_LOCATION= ./stage/products.xmlORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/db_1ORACLE_HOME_NAME=OraDbHome1RESTART_SYSTEM=falseRESTART_REMOTE_SYSTEM=falseORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhostCOMPONENT_LANGUAGES=zh_CNs_nameForDBAGrp=dban_configurationOption=3 回到Oracle10G的安装程序目录，开始安装：oraclelocalhost database$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/enterprise.rsp安装完成后，执行两个脚本（使用root用户）：#. $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh#. $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh三、静默安装监听器：安装网络监听器没有网络监听器，客户端就无法通过网络连接Oralce服务器。要在命令行安装网络监听器，也只能使用静默模式。编辑Oracle安装目录里response子目录下的应答文件 netca.rsp，修改以下项目。INSTALL_TYPE=custom 安装的类型LISTENER_NUMBER=1 监听器数量LISTENER_NAMES=LISTENER 监听器的名称列表LISTENER_PROTOCOLS=TCP;1521 监听器使用的通讯协议列表LISTENER_START=LISTENER 监听器启动的名称然后执行：oraclelocalhost response$ netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp四、静默升级Oracle10G软件进入补丁包安装目录# cd /root/Disk1/response修改响应文件：patchset.rspUNIX_GROUP_NAME=”oinstall”FROM_LOCATION=./stage/products.xmlORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/db_1ORACLE_HOME_NAME=OraDbHome1RESTART_SYSTEM=falseCOMPONENT_LANGUAGES=zh_CN修改后回到补丁程序目录执行：oraclelocalhost response$ cd .oraclelocalhost Disk1$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/Disk1/response/patchset.rsp安装成功后，会提示：. 100% Done.Setup successfulEnd of install phases.(Thu Jun 04 18:47:05 CST 2009)Starting to execute configuration assistantsoraclelocalhost Disk1$ Configuration assistant Oneoff Patch Application succeeded WARNING:The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the root user.#!/bin/sh#Root script to run/u01/app/oracle/db_1/root.shTo execute the configuration scripts: 1. Open a terminal window 2. Log in as root 3. Run the scriptsThe installation of Oracle Database 10g Release 2 Patch Set 2 was successful.Please check /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2009-06-04_06-43-40PM.log for more details.使用root用户登录，执行：/u01/app/oracle/db_1/root.shrootlocalhost db_1# ./root.shRunning Oracle10 root.sh script.The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/db_1Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: /usr/local/bin: The file dbhome already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n) n: y Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin .The file oraenv already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n) n: y Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin .The file coraenv already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n) n: y Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin .Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed byDatabase Configuration Assistant when a database is createdFinished running generic part of root.sh script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.rootlocalhost db_1#五、静默创建Oracle10G数据库修改响应文件编辑Oracle安装目录里response子目录下的应答文件 dbca.rspOPERATION_TYPE = createDatabaseGDBNAME = orclSID = orclSYSPASSWORD = sysSYSTEMPASSWORD = systemCHARACTERSET = ZHS16GBKTEMPLATENAME = /u01/app/oracle/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbcEMCONFIGURATION = LOCALSYSMANPASSWORD = sysmanDBSNMPPASSWORD = dbsnmp执行：oraclelocalhost response$ dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rspCopying database files1% complete3% complete11% complete18% complete26% complete37% completeCreating and starting Oracle instance40% complete45% complete50% complete55% complete56% complete60% complete62% completeCompleting Database Creation66% complete70% complete73% complete85% complete96% complete100% completeLook at the log file /u01/app/oracle/db_1/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log for further details.oraclelocalhost response$数据库创建成功后须要注册一些信息，运行$ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh然后编辑 /etc/oratab将:N修改为:Y安装完成！-启动数据库服务,sys用户登录SQLPLUS：Sqlstartup启动监听器：oraclelocalhost $lsnrctl start启动企业管理器服务oraclelocalhost $emctl start dbconsole访问地址为：http:/IP:1158/em/如果有多个实例，则从第二个实例开始，访问的端口依次为5500、5501如需使用iSQL*PLUS，则启动相应服务oraclelocalhost $isqlplusctl start访问地址为：http:/IP:5560/isqlplus六、设置oracle服务自启动在oracle用户下修改文件$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart查找 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=改为ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME在root用户下编辑文件# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/# vi oradb写入如下文件内容：#!/bin/bash# chkconfig: 345 99 10# description: Startup Script for Oracle Databases# /etc/rc.d/init.d/dbstartexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/db_1export ORACLE_SID=orclexport PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/binORA_OWNR=oracle# if the executables do not exist - display errorif ! -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORACLE_HOME thenecho Oracle startup: cannot startexit 1f