病毒感染与免疫英文课件

Viralinfectionandimmunity 病毒感染与免疫英文 2 Outline SectionIViralpathogenesisTransmissionroutesFormsofviralinfectionsPathogenesisofviralinfectionsSectionIIAntiviralimmunityI InnateimmunityII Specificimmunity 3 病毒感染与免疫英文 Section1Viralpathogenesis 4 病毒感染与免疫英文 I Transmissionroutes 5 病毒感染与免疫英文 TherouteofviralinfectionA HorizontaltransmissionB Verticaltransmission 6 病毒感染与免疫英文 A Horizontaltransmission RespiratorytractAlimentarycanalSkinandmucousmembraneGenitaltractBlood Injection transfusion transplantationArthropod borne 7 病毒感染与免疫英文 8 病毒感染与免疫英文 civetcat 9 病毒感染与免疫英文 10 病毒感染与免疫英文 B VerticalTransmission Throughplacentacongenitalinfections congenitaldeformityThroughbirthcanalinfectionofnewborn 11 病毒感染与免疫英文 VerticalTransmission Theviruseswhichcanresultincongenitalinfections rubellaviruscytomegalovirus CMV herpessimplexvirus HSV hepatitisBvirus HBV humanimmunodeficiencyvirus HIV 12 病毒感染与免疫英文 III VirusSpreadintheHost LocalReplicationandLocalSpreadDisseminationfromthePortalofEntryMultiplicationinTargetOrgans 13 病毒感染与免疫英文 A LocalReplication LocalSpread 14 病毒感染与免疫英文 B DisseminationfromthePortalofEntry DisseminationthroughBloodstreamViremiaDisseminationthroughNerves 15 病毒感染与免疫英文 ThroughBloodstream e g PoliovirusMeaslesvirusMumpsvirus 16 病毒感染与免疫英文 ThroughNerves e g RabiesvirusHerpesvirusPoliovirus 17 病毒感染与免疫英文 II Formsofviralinfections 18 病毒感染与免疫英文 AcuteviralinfectionPersistentviralinfection TypesofViralInfection ChronicinfectionLatentinfectionSlowinfection 19 病毒感染与免疫英文 Naturalhistoryofacuteandpersistenthumaninfections 20 病毒感染与免疫英文 A Chronicinfection Continuedpresenceofinfectiousvirusfollowingtheprimaryinfectionandmayincludechronicorrecurrentdisease Viruscanbecontinuouslydetected HBV ect 21 病毒感染与免疫英文 B Latentinfection virusisusuallynotdetectablebutpatientmayhaveperiodicout breaksofdisease characterizedbythelackofdemonstrableinfectiousvirusbetweenepisodesofrecurrentdiseaseHSV 1intrigeminalganglionHSV 2inlumbarandsacralganglia 22 病毒感染与免疫英文 Latencyandrecurrenceinherpessimplexvirusinfections 23 病毒感染与免疫英文 24 病毒感染与免疫英文 Coldsorescausedbyherpesvirustype1RecurrenceofLatentvirusinfections 25 病毒感染与免疫英文 Shinglescausedbyvaricella zostervirusRecurrenceofLatentvirusinfections 26 病毒感染与免疫英文 C Slowvirusinfection characterizedbyalongpreclinicalperiodextendingformonthsoryearsfromthetimeofexposuresubacuteprogressivecausedby Lentivirus HIV unconventionalvirus prion 27 病毒感染与免疫英文 III Pathogenesisofviralinfections 28 病毒感染与免疫英文 Pathogenesisofviralinfections A DirectdamagetoinfectedhostcellsB Immunopathologicalinjury 29 病毒感染与免疫英文 A Directdamagetoinfectedhostcells CytocidalinfectionSteadystateinfectionIntegrationandtransformation 30 病毒感染与免疫英文 1 Cytocidalinfection Mostproductiveinfectionsarecalledcytocidalinfectionbecausetheykillthehostcells Cytopathiceffect CPE CPEaremorphologicchangesofhostcellswhichinfectedbycytocidalvirus includingcellswollenandround celllysis ornecrosis andtheformationofinclusionbody orpolykaryocytes 31 病毒感染与免疫英文 CPE CPE Normalcells Cytopathiceffect 32 病毒感染与免疫英文 virusinclusionbodiesInthesomeofvirus infectedcells roundorovalpatcheswithdifferentcolorandstructurecanbeobservedatthelightmicroscope Itis AggregationofvirusparticlesTracesofthevirusmultiplicationVirusinducedcellreactants 33 病毒感染与免疫英文 Rabiesvirusinclusionbodies negribody 34 病毒感染与免疫英文 Polykaryocytes RSVinfecteccells Measelsvirusinfectedcells 35 病毒感染与免疫英文 2 Steadystateinfection Viralnucleicacidremaininspecifichostcellsindefinitely progenyvirusmayormaynotbeproduced Features CommonlyinducedbyenvelopedvirusVirusreleasebybuddingchildvirusNewantigensmaybeproduced so theinfectedcellsmaybeattackedbyhostimmunesystem 36 病毒感染与免疫英文 3 Integrationandtransformation IntegrationAllorpartofvirusnucleicacidbecomesintegratedintothegenomeatspecificoranysiteinhostcells Outcomes iscloselyrelatedtotumorformation 37 病毒感染与免疫英文 B Immunopathologicalinjury HypersensitivityInflammationcytokineImmuneinhibitionEscapeofimmuneresponse 38 病毒感染与免疫英文 SectionIIAntiviralimmunity 39 病毒感染与免疫英文 Antiviralimmunity InnateDefenses Adaptivedefenses IFN Skin Neutralizingantibody 40 病毒感染与免疫英文 I Innateimmunity 41 病毒感染与免疫英文 Innateimmunefactorsagainstviralinfection Skin mucousmembraneInterferonsNaturalkillercellmacrophages 42 病毒感染与免疫英文 aheterogeneousgroupofglycoproteinsproducedbyhumanandotheranimalcellsafterviralinfection orafterexposuretootherinducers FunctionsofIFNs anti virus anti tumor immunomodulation Interferon IFN 43 病毒感染与免疫英文 InnateDefenses principalsourceinducerIFN leukocytevirus dsRNAIFN fibroblastvirus dsRNAIFN lymphocyteantigen mitogen Interferons 44 病毒感染与免疫英文 InnateDefenses IFNgenesnormallyarenotexpressedThestronginducers Virusesanddouble strandedRNAsInductionisnotspecificforaparticularvirus InductionIFN IFN 45 病毒感染与免疫英文 Interferon IFN oneofthefirstlinesofdefenseagainstvirusesconferresistancetoinfectiontoothercells donotactdirectlyonthevirus itactedonthecellstomakethemresistanttoviralinfection NKcellsorIFN 46 病毒感染与免疫英文 NonspecificDefenses ActionofIFN IFN actbyinducethesynthesisofthreecell encodedproteins2 5 oligoadenylatesynthetaseRibonucleaseProteinkinaseR 47 病毒感染与免疫英文 48 病毒感染与免疫英文 Interferons 49 病毒感染与免疫英文 NKcell Directlylysedvirusinfectedcellsno lagphase EffectiveEarlyNoantigen specific 50 病毒感染与免疫英文 NKcell 51 病毒感染与免疫英文 II Adaptiveimmunity 52 病毒感染与免疫英文 HumoralimmunityNeutralizingantibody Antibodieswhichbindtothevirus usuallytothepeplomerandcapsomer andblockthevirusfrombindingandenteringintohostcell IgG IgM IgAcan neutralize extracellularviruses 53 病毒感染与免疫英文 NeutralizingAntibody IgAconfersprotectionagainstvirusesthatenterthroughtherespiratoryandgastrointesti