高考词汇辨析1.doc

高考易混词汇辨析1.clothes, cloth, clothingclothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数cloth布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，一件衣服用a piece of, an article of2.incident, accident，eventincident小事件, accident不幸的事故He was killed in the accident. event指大的事件3.amount, numberamount后接不可数名词，a large amount of ;an amount ofnumber, a great deal of 后接可数名词a number of students复数4.family, house, homehome 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员.My family is a happy one5.sound, voice, noisesound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6.population, peoplepopulation人口人数，people具体的人,民族China has a large population7.weather, climateweather一天内具体的天气状况，不可数名词climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.8.road, street, path, wayroad具体的公路、马路，street街道，path小路、小径，way道路，途径take this road; in the street,show me the way to the museum.9. course, subjectcourse课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course10. custom, habitcustom传统风俗习俗也可指生活习惯后接 to dohabit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接 of doing.Ive got the habit of drinking a lot.11. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接 of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late12. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习 （可数），practice（反复做的）练习 +doingPractice makes perfect 固定记忆morning exercises13. class, lesson作”课”解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 6。14. officer, officialofficer部队的军官，official政府官员an army officer15. work, job二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job16.country, nation, state, landcountry侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家The whole nation were sad at the news.17.cook, cookercook厨师，cooker厨具He is a good cook.18. damage, damagesdamage不可数名词, 损害，损失;damages复数形式, 赔偿金$900 damages19. police, policemanpolice警察的总称后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察The police are questioning everyone in the house.20. problem, questionproblem常和困难联系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise；question常和疑问连词连用，多和ask, answer连用.高考完形填空常用词汇人的各种感受 乐happy delighted to ones joy pleased amused 悲 sad unhappy painful bitter平静 calm quiet silent/still peaceful烦bother bored be fed up with 震惊 surprised astonished shocked /amazed 怕 in fear be frightened /scared /afraid失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed满意be satisfied with /be content to do 生气 Annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage normal正常的usual通常的，强调时间，比如asusualregular有规律的,固定的,正规的common普遍的,常见的常识general大致的，总体的frequent（=经常的particular特殊的，挑剔的curiousexcitedanxiousordinary普通的，一个普通的人，平凡的人，就是anordinaryman，同义词有plain，相对意项exordinary表示，超呼寻常typical典型的表程度的副词类 narrowly/ Nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quite Accidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by far Farther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus 动词类：1“看” look看的动作/ see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察; Notice注意catch sight of看见/ stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看 Glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见 see a film watch TV2“说” telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容 talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流 Say sth诉说的内容 speak in English说的语言 whisper sth to sb 耳语 Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 Bargain讨价还价 chat聊天 repeat重复 explain解释 warn警告 remind提醒 Discuss 讨论debate辩论 figure 指出declare宣布 claim自称 mention 提起 admit 承认deny 否绝 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍complain抱怨 3“叫” cry哭叫 call叫 shout大喊 scream尖叫 moan呻吟 sigh叹气 quarrel大吵 4“问” ask 询问 interview 采访 express表达 question审问5“答” answer回答 respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复 6 “听” listen to听的动作 hear听的结果 pick up收听 overhear无意听到 7“写” dictate听写 write sth 写 describe描写 drop a line 写信 draw画 take down/write down写下，记下8“拿/放” take拿走 bring拿来 hold举着 carry扛，挑 （无方向性） fetch拿来拿去 lift举 Put放 lay 铺/放置 pull拉/push推 9“抓” take hold of 抓着 seize紧抓 grasp 握住 scratch 抠10“打” hit一次性的打击 beat不间断的打击 strike突然的击打/突然想到 blow吹刮 attack攻击 11“扔” throw扔 drop掉 放弃 错过 fall 倒下无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake摇12“送” send寄送 deliver递送 give给 offer 主动给予 see off给某人送行13“摸/抱” touch摸 /fold折叠 /embrace拥抱 / hug抱/hold 握 in ones arms14“踢/碰” kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲15“行” walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳 slip溜 come/go enter进入 move搬迁 drive开车 ride 骑fly crawl 匍匐前进16“坐” sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站，耸立/ lean斜靠17“睡/休息” lie /on ones back/ on one side/ on ones stomach stay in bed have a rest take a nap打盹 be asleep bend turn over翻身 rest 18“笑” smile 微笑（不出声） laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing 19“哭” cry shed tears 留泪 weep呜咽地哭 sob抽泣 burst into tears /burst out crying20“找/查” find找到 look for正在找过程 find out查明 discover/explore 发现/探索 hunt for search for seek / seek for in search of寻找 Search sb 搜身 search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地 Check检查，核实 examine 考察发现问题/体检 test检测，检验 inspect视察21“穿” put on 动作 wear穿戴 have on试穿 be dressed in 穿的状态 make-up化装 get changed换衣服 be in red Take off 脱 remove 去除22“吃/喝” eat/drink sip吮吸 have a meal have supper toast taste treat sb to请某人吃 help oneself to 随便吃23“得” get obtain acquire获得知识和技能 gain possess 24“失” lose 丢了 be lost /be missing人错过失踪，不见 gone不见（物） great loss die die off相继死去 die away 逐渐消失25“有” have 有 own是自己的 conquer征服 occupy占有=possess 26“无” nothing left the remaining thing disappear be missing /gone27“增/减” rise / go up /drop 人主动抬价 raise /bring down /reduce increase/decrease28“买/卖” buy purchase afford pay pay off pay for sell on sale bargain Bill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts29“存在/消失”come into being exist appear survive live show turn up Disappear die die out pass away be out of sight30“变化” develop improve become grow go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without（ negative adj.） turn + colour change /change into reform 31“认识的过程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realizeUnderstand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to 32“成功/失败”make it succeed make progress come true realize ones dream win Lose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. Into reality 33“努力” try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do 34祝贺 congratulations on sb celebrate observe 庆祝 get together 聚会35赞美/批评 praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blame criticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb Speak ill of 36喜/恶 like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of Dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off 37判断 think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt 38到达 arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave for on ones way to upon ones arrival on doing sth39受伤 hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from suffer a loss40损坏 damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash 41修复 repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself 42支持/反对 agree disagree accept receive refuse turn down be against elect vote for/ against43 做饭 cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker 44 建议 advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服45 花费 sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sth It +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at ones expense 46 省/存钱 save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time 47 参加 take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against 48控告 accuse sb. of charge sb. With 49 救治 help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. treat过程 / cure 结果sb. of sth aid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth 50敬佩 admire respect