Unit-6-Being-There.ppt

Unit6BeingThere 新世纪高等院校英语专业本科系列教材 修订版 综合教程第六册 第2版 电子教案 上海外语教育出版社南京信息工程大学刘杰海 Contentspage Contents LearningObjectivesPre readingActivitiesGlobalReadingDetailedReadingConsolidationActivitiesFurtherEnhancement objectives LearningObjectives Rhetoricalskill transferredepithetandrhetoricalquestionKeylanguage grammarpointsWritingstrategies cohesivedevicesTheme travelandmentalhealth Pre R pictureactivation PictureActivation Pre questions Whatisthemeaningoftraveling Pre R Pre questions 1 PictureActivation Pre questions 1 Whenaskedaboutourhobbies eightoutoftenpeoplewillmentiontraveling Manyareevenmadaboutit Whentraveling wefeelfreebothphysicallyandmentally especiallymentally nowork noboss noassignment nodeadline Whatawonderfulworld Atthesametime weadmirethemagnificenceofnaturallandscapes andenjoythetranquilityoftheremotecountrysideaswellastheconvenienceofthemoderncities Thereisnodoubtthatmostofushavesomekindoftravelingexperiences Soshareonewiththeclass Openfordiscussion Pre R Pre questions 2 PictureActivation Pre questions 2 Insideeverytraveler there sadreamplacethatheisdyingtovisitinhislifetime Wealwayshearpeople especiallyyoungpeople saythat WhenIhaveenoughmoney Iwillspendmyholidayin Whatisyourdreamplace Telluswhereitisandwhyyouwanttogothere Openfordiscussion G R textintroduction Thetextisbasicallycomposedofthreetopics anexaminationofprimarymotivationfortraveling adiscussionoftravelwritingthatoffersusefulinsightsintothetraveler spsyche andadescriptionofthepeculiarapproachheldbysometravelerstoday TextIntroduction CultureNotes Author Structure G R CN Freud Freud Paragraph8 SigmundFreud 1856 1939 Austrianneurologist Hefoundedpsychoanalysisandwasthefirstonetoemphasizethesignificanceofunconsciousprocessesinnormalandneuroticbehavior TextIntroduction CultureNotes Author Structure G R CN EvelynWaugh EvelynWaugh Paragraph15 EvelynArthurSt JohnWaugh 1903 1966 Englishnovelist HisworkwasprofoundlyinfluencedbyhisconversiontoRomanCatholicismin1930 HisworksincludeDeclineandFall 1928 andBridesheadRevisited 1945 TextIntroduction CultureNotes Author Structure G R CN PaulTheroux PaulTheroux Paragraph16 1941 Americanwriter HewrotefictionworksthatincludeTheMosquitoCoast 1982 MyOtherLife 1996 andKowloonTong 1997 andnonfictiontravelbooksthatincludeTheGreatRailwayBazaar 1975 andThePillarsofHercules 1995 TextIntroduction CultureNotes Author Structure G R CN ShivaNaipaul ShivaNaipaul Paragraph16 Trinidadianwriter fullnameSirVidiadharSurajprasadNaipaul 1932 HisnovelsincludeAHouseforMr Biswas 1961 andABendintheRiver 1979 HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2001 TextIntroduction CultureNotes Author Structure G R CN GrahamGreene GrahamGreene Paragraph16 1904 1991 oneofthemostpopularandcriticallyacclaimedauthorsofthe20thcentury aBritisheditor essayist playwrightandnovelist Greene smostfamousworksincludeBrightonRock 1938 TheQuietAmericane 1955 OurManinHavana 1958 andTheHonoraryConsul 1973 Hehadalongassociationwiththemovies andwasinvolvedinThisGunforHire 1942 TheThirdMan 1949 andLoserTakesAll 1956 TextIntroduction CultureNotes Author Structure G R CN PhillipG PhilipGlazebrook Paragraph18 Englishnovelistandtravelwriter HeistheauthorofJourneytoKars 1985 TextIntroduction CultureNotes Author Structure G R CN JamesHolman JamesHolman Paragraph19 Knownasthe BlindTraveler JamesHolman 1786 1857 wasaBritishadventurer authorandsocialobserver bestknownforhiswritingsonhisextensivetravels Notonlycompletelyblindbutsufferingfromdebilitatingpainandlimitedmobility heundertookaseriesofsolojourneysthatwereunprecedentedbothintheirextentofgeographyandmethodof humanecholocation In1866 thejournalistWilliamJerdanwrotethat FromMarcoPolotoMungoPark nothreeofthemostfamoustravellers groupedtogether wouldexceedtheextentandvarietyofcountriestraversedbyourblindcountryman TextIntroduction CultureNotes Author Structure G R CN Authorbio AnatoleBroyard 1920 1990 African Americanliterarycritic HeworkedforTheNewYorkTimesforfortyyears HiswritingsincludeArousedbyBooksandMen Women andOtherAnticlimaxes HegrewupinBrooklynandattendedtheNewSchoolforSocialResearch AfterservinginWorldWarII hetaughtfictionwritingatNewYorkUniversityandColumbia TextIntroduction CultureNotes Author Structure G R CN StructureAnalysis TextIntroduction CultureNotes Author Structure Part1 Para1 11 anexaminationofprimarymotivationfortraveling Part2 Para12 15 adiscussionoftravelwritingthatoffersusefulinsightsintothetraveler spsyche Part3 Para16 20 adescriptionofthepeculiarapproachheldbysometravelerstoday DR p1 text BEINGTHEREAnatoleBroyard1 Travelislikeadultery oneisalwaystemptedtobeunfaithfultoone sowncountry Tohaveimaginationisinevitablytobedissatisfiedwithwhereyoulive Thereisinmenacentrifugaltendency Inourwanderlust weareloverslookingforconsummation DetailedReading DR p2 3 text 2 Onlywhiletravelingcanweappreciateage Athome forAmericansateast everythingmustbeyoung new butwhenwegoabroadweareinterestedonlyintheold Wewanttoseewhathasbeensaved defendedagainsttime 3 Whenwetravel weputasideourdefenses ouranxiety andinviteregression Wegobackwardinsteadofforward Wecultivateourhysteria DetailedReading DR p4 text 4 Itisourbestselvesthattravel justaswedressinourbestclothes Onlyourpassportremindsushowordinaryweactuallyare Wegoabroadtomeetourforeignpersona thatthrillingstrangerbornontheplane We regoingtoseeinEuropeeverythingwehaveeliminatedoreditedoutofourowncultureinthenameofconvenience religion royalty picturesqueness otherness andpassion Weclingtothebeliefthatotherpeoplesaremorepassionatethanweare DetailedReading DR p5 text 5 There sanimpostorineachofus whyelsewouldweputondarkglassesandtrytospeakandlooklikethenativesofanotherplace Athome weimpersonateourselves whenwe reabroad wecantrytobewhatwe vealwayswantedtobe Inspiteofalltherecenttalkaboutroots manyofusaretiredofourroots whichmaybeshallowanyway andsowetravelinsearchofrootlessness DetailedReading DR p6 text 6 Travelingbeganwhenmengrewcurious Theinfluenceofthechurch thetraditionalpatternoflife thelackofmoneyandleisurehadallrestrainedcuriosityuntiltheseventeenthcentury whenunderpressureofscientificdiscoveries thephysicalworldbegantogapeopen Itwasthenthatpeoplebegantotravelinsearchoftheprofane DetailedReading DR p7 8 text 7 Travelarrivedtogetherwithsophistication withtheabilitytoseethroughorbeyondone sownculture withthemodernfacultyofboredom SomethingoftheCrusadessurvivesinthemoderntraveler onlyhisisapersonalcrusade animpulsetogooffandfightcertainobscurebattlesofhisownspirit 8 Ofcourse oneofthemostcommonreasonsfortravelingissimplytogetaway Freudsaidthatwetraveltoescapefatherandthefamily andwemightaddthefamiliar Thereisarecurrentdesiretodropourlives tosimplywalkoutofthem DetailedReading DR p9 10 text 9 Whenwetravel weareonvacation vacant waitingtobefilled Thefrenziedshoppingofsometravelersisanattempttobuyanewlife Togetawaytoastrangeplaceproducesaluxuriousfeelingofdisengagement ofirresponsiblefreeassociation Oneisanonlooker impregnable 10 Wetravelinsummer whenlifecomesoutofdoors andsoweseeonlysummerypeople nothingoftheirsadfalls theirlong darkwintersandcruelsprings Theplaceswevisitaregold platedbythesun Theflowersandtreesarelikebouquetsthrowntohistory DetailedReading DR p11 12 text 11 Andlanguage whatapleasuretoleaveourownlanguage withitsclich sstuckinourteeth Howmuchbetterthingssoundinanothertongue It slikehavingourearscleanedout Solongaswedon tunderstandittoowell everyotherlanguageispoetry 12 Becausewetravelforsomanyreasons someofthemcontradictory travelwritingislikeasuitcaseintowhichthewritertriestocrameverything Atitsmostinteresting it sacontinualtasting theexpressionofanostalgiafortheparticular It sachildishgameofplayingcountries asweusedtoplayhouse DetailedReading DR p13 text 13 Travelwritingdescribesatragicarc itbeginswitharisingofthespiritandendsinadyingfall Theearliesttravelerswenttoseemarvels toadmirethewonderfuldiversityoftheworld butthelatesttravelersarelikevisitorssittingatthebedsideofdyingcultures Earlytravelersfellinloveatfirstsightwithforeignplaces butnowweknowonlyloveatlastsight akissbeforedying abreathinginofthelastgasp Insomeancientsocieties itusedtobethecustomforthesontoinhalehisfather slastbreath whichcontainedhisdepartingsoul andtoday stravelersdosomethinglikethis too DetailedReading DR p14 text 14 Travelwritinghasbecomeaquintessentiallymodernthing thepresentregrettingthepast Wetravellikeinsuranceappraisers assessingthedamage Militantlyopposedtoanykindofethnicdistinctionsathome weadoreethnicityabroad Ironically AmericansneedEuropemorethanEuropeansdo ToParisians forexample Parisisaplacetolive forAmericans it saplacetodream DetailedReading DR p15 text 15 Idonotexpecttoseemanytravelbooksinthenearfuture EvelynWaughwrotein1946 Hesawtheworldturningintoa monoculture thesenseofplacegivingwaytoplacelessness WhatWaughdidn tforeseewasthattravelbookswouldchangeasnovelsandpoetryhave thateveryslippageofculturewouldprovokeitspeculiarliterature Heunderestimatedthevariousnessofourreasonsfortraveling DetailedReading DR p16 text 16 Therehavealwaysbeentravelerswhowenttolookfortheworst tofindrationalizationsfortheiranxietyordespair tocovertheirdisillusionmentwithlabels assteamertrunksusedtobecoveredwiththem WhyelsewouldPaulTherouxgotoSouthAmerica whichhesoobviouslydetested ShivaNaipaul sworstfearswereconfirmedinAfrica justashisbrother swereinAsia GrahamGreenespentfourmonthstravelingintheLiberianjungleasaprivatepenance DetailedReading DR p17 text 17 Evenruinshavechanged Insteadoftheclassicalruinsofantiquity wenowhaveplacesthataremerely ruined Andtherearetravelerswhotakeapositivedelightinthem wholoveawfulnessforitsownsake Forthem awfulnessisthecontemporaryequivalentoftheexotic It sanegativesublime aswoonorecstasyofspoliation DetailedReading DR p18 text 18 Asothercountriesofferfewerexoticphenomena thetravelwriterisforcedtofindtheexoticinhimself andthepicturesqueaswell Thecentrifugaltendencyturnscentripetal andmoderntravelbooksmaybeabouttheabsenceofthingsjustastheclassicbooksareabouttheirpresence InJourneytoKars PhilipGlazebrookseemstohavevisitedseveralunappealingvillagesinTurkeysimplyfortheironyofbeingthere Ironyisthecontemporarytraveler sdrip dryshirt OneofthethingsaseverelysophisticatedtravelerlikeGlazebrookseeksisaplacewherehehimselfcanstandoutinabsoluterelief DetailedReading DR p19 text 19 PerhapsinthefutureweshallhavetotravellikeJamesHolman who afterbeinginvalidedoutoftheBritishnavybecausehehadgoneblind setoutin1819toseetheworld Travelingmostlyalone speakingnoforeignlanguages usingonlypublictransport HolmangotasfarasSiberiaandreturnedhometopublishinseveralthickvolumesallthathehadexperienced Herarelyfelt hesaid thathehadmissedanythingthroughbeingblind Atonepoint hemetadeafmanandtheytraveledtogether DetailedReading DR p20 text 20 Sincehecouldnotsee peopleofteninvitedHolmantosqueezethingsasawayofperceivingthem andthisiswhattoday stravelerhastodo Hehastosqueezetheplaceshevisits untiltheyyieldsomething anything DetailedReading DR p1Analysis Paragraph1AnalysisInordertocatchhisreader sattention theauthorstartstheessaywithanunusualsimilebycomparingtravelto adultery travelersaredissatisfiedwiththeirowncountriesandtemptedtovisitothersforexcitement DetailedReading DR p2 3Analysis Paragraphs2 3AnalysisInthesetwoparagraphstheauthorprovidestheexampleofAmericans whoareusedto young new thingsintheirowncountrybutwhoareonlyinterestedintheoldwhentheyareabroad DetailedReading DR p4 5Analysis Paragraphs4 5AnalysisIntheseparagraphs theauthorpointsoutthatwetendtoputonourbestfa adewhenwetravel Itisourbestselvesthattravel DetailedReading DR p6 7Analysis Paragraphs6 7AnalysisTheauthorexplainswhenandwhytravelbecamepopular DetailedReading DR p8 9Analysis Paragraphs8 9AnalysisInthesetwoparagraphstheauthorcitestheFreudiantheorytoexplainwhywetravel to getaway thatistoescapethefamiliarfor aluxuriousfeelingofdisengagement DetailedReading DR p10 11Analysis Paragraphs10 11AnalysisIntheseparagraphstheauthorcitestwoexamplestoshowthattravelcouldrefreshpeople toseesummerypeopleandtohearthingssaidinanothertongue DetailedReading DR p12Analysis Paragraph12AnalysisAfterenumeratingsomereasonsfortraveling theauthormovestothenextrelatedtopic travelwriting DetailedReading DR p13Analysis Paragraph13AnalysisInthisparagraphtheauthorcompares theearliesttravelers and thelatesttravelers intermsoftheirpurposes DetailedReading DR p14Analysis Paragraph14AnalysisInthisparagraphwelearnthattravelbooksrevealmanyinterestingaspectsofourself contradictions welivetodaybutmissthepast weoppose ethnicdistinctions athomebutvaluethemabroad DetailedReading DR p15 16Analysis Paragraphs15 16AnalysisInthesetwoparagraphstheauthorarguesagainstEvelynWaugh sideathattravelbookswilldisappearbecausetheworldisbecominga monoculture byenumeratingsomeofourvariousreasonsfortraveling DetailedReading DR p17 18Analysis Paragraphs17 18AnalysisIntheseparagraphstheauthorfurtherexplainssomeofthereasonsfortraveling theloveof awfulnessforitsownsake andthequestfor theexotic inthetravelerhimself Forthedescriptionofexoticphenomena travelwritershaveturnedtheirattentionfromsomethingvisible presenceofthings tosomethinginvisible absenceofthings whentheyfindfewernewandalienthingsavailablefortheirbooks DetailedReading DR p19 20Analysis Paragraphs19 20AnalysisIntheseparagraphstheauthorpointsoutwhatatravelershoulddobycitingtheexampleoftheblindtravelerJamesHolman tosqueezetheplaces wevisit untiltheyyieldsomething anything Andthatisprobablythepurposeof beingthere DetailedReading DR Question p1 3a Paragraphs1 3 QuestionWhatistheprimarymotivationfortravelingandwhatistheuniqueapproachheldbysometravelerstoday DetailedReading Theprimarymotivationfortravelingispeople sboredomwiththeirownplacesandtheirdesiretoseesomethingdifferentandnew Inthissense travelingcanfulfillone sdesiretodropfamiliarlifeandtemporarilymakeoneanonlooker sothatonecanfeeldisengagedandimpregnable DR Question p1 3b Sometravelersholdapeculiarapproach Theywanttolookfortheworst tofindrationalizationsfortheiranxietyordespair tocovertheirdisillusionmentwithlabels Forthemthesignificanceofruinshaschanged Insteadoftheclassicalruinsofantiquity nowtheyhaveplacesthataremerely ruined Theytakeapositivedelightinthemandloveawfulnessforitsownsake Intheireyes awfulnessisthecontemporaryequivalentoftheexotic Itisanegativesublime aswoonorecstasyofspoliation DetailedReading DR Question p5 DetailedReading Paragraph5 QuestionWhatdoestheauthormeanby roots and rootlessness By roots theauthormeanstheculturalorethnicoriginonecanidentifywith orwhatonebelongsto by rootlessness hemeansone spsychologicalneedtobefree DR Question p6 DetailedReading Paragraph6 QuestionWhywaspeople scuriosityaboutothercountriesrestraineduntilthe17thcentury Travelingwasnotpopularbeforethe17thcenturybecausetheinfluenceofthechurch thetraditionalpatternoflife thelackofmoneyandleisurehadallrestrainedcuriosity Thescientificdiscoveriesinandafterthe17thcenturybegantoexertcertainpressureonpeopletoexplorethephysicalworld DR Question p7 DetailedReading Paragraph7 QuestionWhydoestheauthorcomparetraveltoapersonalcrusade Bydefinition acrusadecanbeinterpretedasacontinualeffortorstruggleforaparticularcause Heretheauthorfindsthattravelis insomeway abattletofind theprofane andtogetawayfromboredominmodernsociety DR Question p8 9 DetailedReading Paragraphs8 9 QuestionHowdoestheauthorexplainone sdesire togetaway inParagraphs8and9 TheauthorusestheFreudiantheorytoexplainoneofthemostimportantreasonsfortraveling thatis toescapefatherandfamily orourpsychologicalurgefor disengagement from thefamiliar for irresponsiblefreeassociation DR Question p11 DetailedReading Paragraph11 QuestionWhat accordingtotheauthor isthetraveler spossiblereactiontoanalienlanguage Accordingtotheauthor itisapleasuretoleavetheirownclich filledlanguageandhearthingssaidinanothertongue DR Question p13 DetailedReading Paragraph13 Questions1 What accordingtotheauthor isthemaindifferencebetweentheearliesttravelersandtoday stravelers Theearliesttravelerswenttoseemarvels toadmirethewonderfuldiversityoftheworld andtheywerefascinatedwithforeignplacesatfirstsight whilethelatesttravelersgotocatchalastsightofwhatisdisappearing tomourn dyingcultures DR Question p13 DetailedReading Paragraph13 Questions2 Whatdoestheauthorhopetoconveywhenhementionsthecustominsomeancientsocietiesforthesontoinhalehisfather slastbreath Theauthorsuggeststhattoday stravelersaretryingto inhale the departingsoul of dyingcultures thatis togetholdofwhatisstillleftofancientcivilizations DR Question p20a DetailedReading Paragraph20 QuestionWhydoestheauthorentitlehisessay BeingThere Onthesurface thetitle BeingThere means travelingtootherplaces whichisoppositeto beinghere Whattheauthordrivesatisourpsychologicalmotivationsfortraveling ourdissatisfactionwithourowncountries ourdesire tobewhatwe vealwayswantedtobe ourcuriosityaboutantiquityandothercountriesandcultures ourdesire togetaway from fatherandthefamily DR Question p20b even toleaveourownlanguage Theauthoralsosuggeststhatitisnotenoughjusttobe there weshould squeezetheplaces wevisituntil theyyieldsomething DetailedReading LPT travelislikeadultery Travelislikeadultery oneisalwaystemptedtobeunfaithfultoone sowncountry DetailedReading Paraphrase Travelislikeinfidelitybetweenmarriedpeople buthereoneisalwaysluredintogoingouttoseeothercountries LPT adultery adulteryn adulterousadj sexthattakesplacebetweenamarriedpersonandsomeonewhoisnottheirhusbandorwife DetailedReading e g Manypeopleinpubliclifehavecommittedadultery Hehadanadulterousrelationshipwithhiswife sbestfriend LPT tempt temptv tomakeyouwanttodoortohavesomething especiallysomethingthatisnotgoodforyou DetailedReading e g Theofferofafreecarstereotemptedherintobuyinganewcar Theytemptedhimtojointhecompanybyofferinghimalargesalaryandacompanycar LPT travelislikeadultery weareloverslookingforconsummation DetailedReading Paraphrase Heretheword consummationmeans fulfillmentandperefction whichimpliesthatwearedissatisfiedwithwhatwehave LPT onlywhiletraveling Onlywhiletravelingcanweappreciateage DetailedReading Paraphrase Onlywhiletravelingcanwerecognizethevalueofage LPT appreciate appreciatevt tounderstandthetruen