学术综合英语Unit3ppt课件

main Unit3Traffic 2012 PartASectionAPre listening BackgroundInformation PaceCarInmotorsport apacecarorsafetycarisacarwhichlimitsthespeedofcompetingcarsonaracetrackinthecaseofacautionperiodsuchasanobstructiononthetrack Duringacautionperiodthepacecarentersthetrackaheadoftheleader Withfew exceptions competitorsarenotallowedtopassthepacecarorothercompetitorsduringacautionperiod andthepacecarleadsthefieldatapre determinedsafespeed Pre listening NewWordsandExpressions BackgroundInformation PartA PartB Listening LISTENING SectionAPre listening BackgroundInformation whichmayvarybyseriesandcircuit Attheendofthecautionperiod thepacecarleavesthetrackandthecompetitorsmayresumeracing Pre listening NewWordsandExpressions BackgroundInformation PartA PartB Listening LISTENING SectionAPre listening BackgroundInformation Pre listening NewWordsandExpressions BackgroundInformation PartA PartB Listening DrivingSimulatorDrivingSimulatorsareusedforentertainmentaswellasintrainingofdriver seducationcoursestaughtineducationalinstitutionsandprivatebusinesses Theyarealsousedforresearchpurposesintheareaofhumanfactorsandmedicalresearch tomonitor driver sbehavior performance andattentionandinthecarindustrytodesignandevaluatenewvehiclesornewadvanceddriverassistancesystems LISTENING SectionAtollbridges motorsport acollectionofsportswhichprimarilyinvolvetheuseofmotorizedvehicles suchasmotorcycleracing truckracingandmotorboatracing PartA PartB LISTENING SectionAfueltax advanceddriverassistancesystem asystemtohelpthedriverinitsdrivingprocess WhendesignedwithasafeHuman MachineInterface itshouldincreasecarsafetyandmoregenerallyroadsafety PartA PartB LISTENING SectionA NewWordsandExpressions Pre listening NewWordsandExpressions BackgroundInformation PartA PartB Listening pacecarprescribedcoursedrivingsimulatorinebriatedrear endingpickupspeedtheoverallflowoftrafficdriverperformancehands freemodel 领驶车规定车道驾驶模拟器喝醉的追尾加速整个车流量驾驶员行为免提式 LISTENING SectionAListenTask1 Pre listening Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails PartA PartB Listening Anewsreporterisgoingtogiveareportonaresearchstudyondrivingwhiletalkingonacellphone LISTENING SectionAListenTask1 Listentothereportandtrytogetitsmainideasbytakingnotes Fillintheblanksaccordingtoyournotes Pre listening Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails PartA PartB Listening 1 Whatisthisnewsreportabout 2 Whyisdrivingwhiletalkingonacellphoneworsethandrivingwhiledrunk Thisnewsreportisaboutdrivingwhiletalkingonacellphone Becausetheresearchfindsthatthosetalkingonaphonearemoresluggishandslowerinreacting LISTENING SectionAListenTask1 Pre listening Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails PartA PartB Listening 3 Whoholdsthatdrivingwhiletalkingonacellphoneisworsethandrivingwhiledrunk 4 Whenwasthisstatementmade TheresearchersattheUniversityofUtah USA Inthesummerof2006 LISTENING SectionAListenTask1 Pre listening Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails PartA PartB Listening 5 Howwastheconclusionobtainedthatdrivingwhiletalkingonacellphoneisworsethandrivingwhiledrunk Usingadrivingsimulator theresearcherscompared40people sdrivingabilitiesinthreegroups onthephone drunk andwithnodistractions LISTENING Task2 1 Listentothereportagainandtrytoanswerthefollowingquestions Pre listening Listening Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails PartA PartB 1 Howdangerousisdrivingwhiletalkingonthecellphoneaccordingtothereport Itwillincreasethelikelihoodofanaccidentfive fold 2 Inwhatwayisdrivingwhiletalkingonthephonedifferentfromdrivingwhiledrunk Drunkdriversareaggressive whilethosetalkingonthephonearemoresluggish LISTENING Task2 2 Pre listening Listening Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails PartA PartB 3 Howmuchwilldrivingwhiletalkingonthephoneaffectthedriver 4 Whatisthegovernmentalresponsetodrivingwhileonthecellphone Itwillreducethedriver sreactiontimeby9percentinbrakingand19percentinpickingupspeedafterbraking Somestateshavemadelawstoprohibittheuseofcellphoneswhiledriving LISTENING Task2 2 Pre listening Listening Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails PartA PartB 5 Isthegovernmentallegislationeffectiveandwhy Itisnoteffectivebecausethedriverswillusethehands freemodel whichisalsodangerous LISTENING Script PartA PartB DrivingWhileonaCellPhoneWorseThanDrivingWhileDrunk21 44 27EDTJune29 2006Thursday June29 Maneuveringthroughtrafficwhiletalkingonthephoneincreasesthelikelihoodofanaccidentfive foldandisactuallymoredangerousthandrivingdrunk U S researchersreport Thatfindingheldtruewhetherthedriverwasholdingacellphoneorusingahands freedevice theresearchersnoted LISTENING Script PartA PartB Asasociety wehaveagreedonnottoleratingtheriskassociatedwithdrunkdriving saidresearcherFrankDrews anassistantprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofUtah Thisstudyshowsusthatsomebodywhoisconversingonacellphoneisexposinghimorherselfandotherstoasimilarrisk cellphonesactuallyareahigherrisk hesaid Histeam sreportappearsinthesummerissueofthejournalHumanFactors Inthestudy 40peoplefollowedapacecaralongaprescribedcourse usingadrivingsimulator Somepeopledrovewhiletalkingonacellphone others LISTENING Script PartA PartB navigatedwhiledrunk meaningtheirblood alcohollimitmatchedthelegallimitof0 08percent andothersdrovewithnosuchdistractionsorimpairments Wefoundanincreasedaccidentratewhenpeoplewereconversingonthecellphone Drewssaid Driversoncellphoneswere5 36timesmorelikelytogetinanaccidentthannon distracteddrivers theresearchersfound Thephoneusersfaredevenworsethantheinebriated theUtahteamfound Therewerethreeaccidentsamongthosetalkingoncellphones alloftheminvolvingarear endingofthepacecar In LISTENING Script PartA PartB contrast therewerenoaccidentsrecordedamongparticipantswhoweredrunk orthesober cell phone freegroup Thebottomline Cell phoneusewaslinkedto asignificantincreaseintheaccidentrate Drewssaid Hesaidtherewasadifferencebetweenthebehaviorsofdrunkdriversandthosewhoweretalkingonthephone Drunkdriverstendedtobeaggressive whilethosetalkingonthephoneweremoresluggish Drewssaid Inaddition theresearchersfoundtalkingonthe LISTENING cellphonereducereactiontimeby9percentintermsofbrakingand19percentintermsofpickingupspeedafterbraking Thisissignificant becauseithasanimpactontrafficasasystem Drewssaid Ifwehavedriverswhoaretakingalotoftimeinacceleratingoncehavingsloweddown theoverallflowoftrafficisdramaticallyreduced hesaid Inresponsetosafetyconcerns somestateshaveoutlawedtheuseofhand heldcellphoneswhiledriving Butthattypeoflegislationmaynotbeeffective becausetheUtahresearchersfoundnodifferenceindriverperformancewhetherthedriverwasholdingthephoneortalkingonahands freemodel Script PartA PartB LISTENING Script PartA PartB DrivingWhileonaCellPhoneWorseThanDrivingWhileDrunk21 44 27EDTJune29 2006Thursday June29 Maneuveringthroughtrafficwhiletalkingonthephoneincreasesthelikelihoodofanaccidentfive foldandisactuallymoredangerousthandrivingdrunk U S researchersreport Thatfindingheldtruewhetherthedriverwasholdingacellphoneorusingahands freedevice theresearchersnoted LISTENING Script PartA PartB Asasociety wehaveagreedonnottoleratingtheriskassociatedwithdrunkdriving saidresearcherFrankDrews anassistantprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofUtah Thisstudyshowsusthatsomebodywhoisconversingonacellphoneisexposinghimorherselfandotherstoasimilarrisk cellphonesactuallyareahigherrisk hesaid Histeam sreportappearsinthesummerissueofthejournalHumanFactors Inthestudy 40peoplefollowedapacecaralongaprescribedcourse usingadrivingsimulator Somepeopledrovewhiletalkingonacellphone others LISTENING Script PartA PartB navigatedwhiledrunk meaningtheirblood alcohollimitmatchedthelegallimitof0 08percent andothersdrovewithnosuchdistractionsorimpairments Wefoundanincreasedaccidentratewhenpeoplewereconversingonthecellphone Drewssaid Driversoncellphoneswere5 36timesmorelikelytogetinanaccidentthannon distracteddrivers theresearchersfound Thephoneusersfaredevenworsethantheinebriated theUtahteamfound Therewerethreeaccidentsamongthosetalkingoncellphones alloftheminvolvingarear endingofthepacecar In LISTENING Script PartA PartB contrast therewerenoaccidentsrecordedamongparticipantswhoweredrunk orthesober cell phone freegroup Thebottomline Cell phoneusewaslinkedto asignificantincreaseintheaccidentrate Drewssaid Hesaidtherewasadifferencebetweenthebehaviorsofdrunkdriversandthosewhoweretalkingonthephone Drunkdriverstendedtobeaggressive whilethosetalkingonthephoneweremoresluggish Drewssaid Inaddition theresearchersfoundtalkingonthe LISTENING cellphonereducereactiontimeby9percentintermsofbrakingand19percentintermsofpickingupspeedafterbraking Thisissignificant becauseithasanimpactontrafficasasystem Drewssaid Ifwehavedriverswhoaretakingalotoftimeinacceleratingoncehavingsloweddown theoverallflowoftrafficisdramaticallyreduced hesaid Inresponsetosafetyconcerns somestateshaveoutlawedtheuseofhand heldcellphoneswhiledriving Butthattypeoflegislationmaynotbeeffective becausetheUtahresearchersfoundnodifferenceindriverperformancewhetherthedriverwasholdingthephoneortalkingonahands freemodel Script PartA PartB LISTENING SectionBBackgroundInformation Pre listening Listening NewWordsandExpressions BackgroundInformation PartA PartB NiasIslandNiasIslandliesabout125kmofwestSumatraIslandontheIndianOcean ItispartofNorthSumatraProvince Thewatersurroundingtheislandisgreatforseaactivities suchassurfingandscubadiving Surferswillcallthisisland ParadiseonEarth foritsbaychallengessurferswithspectacularwaves Inhighseasons thewavesaretoldtobeashighas3 5meters Niasceremonialstonejump Niaswardance LISTENING L B P 2 Pre listening Listening NewWordsandExpressions BackgroundInformation PartA PartB SimeulueRegencySimeulueRegencyisaregencyintheAcehprovinceofIndonesia ItoccupiesawholeislandofSimeulue 150kmofthewestcoastoffSumatra ItspeoplearesimilartothepeopleintheneighboringNiasIsland withalanguagethatdiffersfrommainlandAceh MostofpeopleofSimeulueareMuslim LISTENING L B P 3 Pre listening Listening NewWordsandExpressions BackgroundInformation PartA PartB RedCrescentRedCrescentisabranchoftheRedCrossthatoperatesinMuslimcountries TheRedCrescentemblemwasfirstusedbyICRCvolunteersduringthearmedconflictbetweentheOttomanEmpireandRussia 1877 1878 Thesymbolwasofficiallyadoptedin1929 andsofar asof2009 33Islamicstateshaverecognizedit LISTENING L B P NewWordsandExpressions Pre listening Listening NewWordsandExpressions BackgroundInformation PartA PartB tsunamidevastateNiasIslandTheAssociatedPressablazestafftheU N emergencyreliefcoordinator 海啸使荒芜尼亚斯岛美国联合通讯社 美联社 着火担任 的职员联合国紧急救援事务协调员 LISTENING L B P NewWordsandExpressions Pre listening Listening NewWordsandExpressions BackgroundInformation PartA PartB temblorepicentercourseofactioninthewakeofSimeulueIslandRedCrescentevacuatethePacificTsunamiWarningCenter 地震震中行动计划在 之后锡默卢岛红新月会撤离 太平洋海啸预警中心 LISTENING Task1 AnewsreporterisgoingtoreportadisasterinIndonesia Pre listening Listening Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails PartA PartB LISTENING Task1 Listentothenewsandtrytogetitsmainideasbytakingnotes Fillintheblanksaccordingtoyournotes Pre listening Listening PartA PartB Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails LateMonday 1 Whendidthequakeinthisnewsreporthappen NearNiasIsland offthewestcoastofIndonesia 2 Wherewasthequake Atleast300peoplediedandhundredswereinjured 3 Howmanypeoplediedorwereinjuredintheearthquake LISTENING Task1 Pre listening Listening PartA PartB Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails 4 Howbigwasthequake Between8 5and8 7 Theaidofficials 5 Whomettoplanacourseofaction LISTENING Task2 Listentothenewsagainandtrytoanswerthefollowingquestions Pre listening Listening PartA PartB Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails 1 Whatdidpeopledotokeepsafeduringthequake Peoplerantohilltopsforsafety 2 Werethereanytsunamisaftertheearthquake Notsunamishappenedaftertheearthquake 3 Inwhichareawerepeopleurgedtoleavehomeforsafety Residentswithin1 000kilometers 620miles oftheepicenterwereaskedtoevacuatecoastalregions LISTENING Task2 Pre listening Listening PartA PartB Task1ListenandTakeNotes Task2ListenforDetails 4 Whichcountriesissuedtsunamiwarningswhenthequakestruck India MalaysiaandThailand 5 Whichcountrieswereaffectedbythequake ItwasfeltinIndonesia Malaysia SingaporeandasfarnorthasBangkok Thailand LISTENING L B L 1Script QuakeKillsatLeast300onIndonesianIslandVicePresidentSaysupto2 000CouldBeDead CNN AmajorearthquakestruckoffthewestcoastofIndonesialateMondaykillinghundreds butfearsofanothertsunamilikethosethatdevastatedtheregioninlateDecemberhavefaded OnIndonesia sNiasIslandatleast300peoplediedandhundredsmorewerereportedinjuredortrapped saidgovernmentspokesmanAgusMendrova Butinternationalnewsagenciesarereportingthatbetween1 000and2 000peoplemayhavebeenkilledonNiasIsland PartA PartB LISTENING L B L 1Script Itispredicted andit sstillaroughestimate thatthenumberofthevictimsofdeadmaybebetween1 000and2 000 VicePresidentJusufKallatoldtheel Shintaradiostation accordingtoTheAssociatedPress Between500and1 000homesweredestroyed andtheisland spublicmarketwasablaze Mendrovasaid Between10 000and15 000peoplerantohilltopsforsafetyincaseofatsunami Mendrovasaid Manyofthedoctorsandnurseswhonormallywouldstaffthehospitalfledtohigherground LISTENING L B L 1Script Wehavenotheardofanytsunamihittinganywhere JanEgeland theU N emergencyreliefcoordinator toldCNNfromNewYorknearlysixhoursafterthetemblorstruck Still Egelandsaid theearthquakeitselfwasresponsibleforcasualtiesonislandsclosetotheepicenter DozensofaidofficialsmetovernightinSumatratoplanacourseofactionafterdaylightbreaksintheregion Egelandsaid LISTENING TherewasareportofheavydamageonSimeulueIslandinIndonesia saidBerndSchell headoftsunamioperationsfortheInternationalFederationofRedCrossandRedCrescentSocieties SpeakingfromsouthernAceh Schellsaid heavy heavyshaking lastedaboutthreeminutes Basedonthesizeoftheearthquake theNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationinitiallyurgedresidentswithin1 000kilometers 620miles oftheepicentertoevacuatecoastalregions ButnotsunamiswerereportedalongIndonesia sislandcoasts whileIndia MalaysiaandThailandcanceledtsunamiwarningsearlyTuesday L B L 1Script LISTENING L B L 1Script Thequake smagnitudewasvariouslyreportedbymonitoringagenciesas8 7and8 5 TheU S GeologicalSurveyreportedtheformerafterinitiallyputtingthemagnitudeat8 2 thePacificTsunamiWarningCenterreportedthelatter ThemainjoltwaslocatednearthecoastofnorthernSumatra about200kilometers 125miles westnorthwestofSibolga andabout1 400kilometers 880miles northwestofJakarta Indonesia scapital TheU S GeologicalSurveysaidthequakewas30kilometers 20miles deep LISTENING L B L 1Script Thequakestruckat11 09p m 04 09p m GMT 11 09a m ET ItwasfeltinIndonesia Malaysia SingaporeandasfarnorthasBangkok Thailand LISTENING L B L 1Script2 PartA PartB QuakeKillsatLeast300onIndonesianIslandVicePresidentSaysupto2 000CouldBeDead CNN AmajorearthquakestruckoffthewestcoastofIndonesialateMondaykillinghundreds butfearsofanothertsunamilikethosethatdevastatedtheregioninlateDecemberhavefaded OnIndonesia sNiasIslandatleast300peoplediedandhundredsmorewerereportedinjuredortrapped saidgovernmentspokesmanAgusMendrova Butinternationalnewsagenciesarereportingthatbetween1 000and2 000peoplemayhavebeenkilledonNiasIsland LISTENING L B L 1Script Itispredicted andit sstillaroughestimate thatthenumberofthevictimsofdeadmaybebetween1 000and2 000 VicePresidentJusufKallatoldtheel Shintaradiostation accordingtoTheAssociatedPress Between500and1 000homesweredestroyed andtheisland spublicmarketwasablaze Mendrovasaid Between10 000and15 000peoplerantohilltopsforsafetyincaseofatsunami Mendrovasaid Manyofthedoctorsandnurseswhonormallywouldstaffthehospitalfledtohigherground LISTENING L B L 1Script Wehavenotheardofanytsunamihittinganywhere JanEgeland theU N emergencyreliefcoordinator toldCNNfromNewYorknearlysixhoursafterthetemblorstruck Still Egelandsaid theearthquakeitselfwasresponsibleforcasualtiesonislandsclosetotheepicenter DozensofaidofficialsmetovernightinSumatratoplanacourseofactionafterdaylightbreaksintheregion Egelandsaid LISTENING TherewasareportofheavydamageonSimeulueIslandinIndonesia saidBerndSchell headoftsunamioperationsfortheInternationalFederationofRedCrossandRedCrescentSocieties SpeakingfromsouthernAceh Schellsaid heavy heavyshaking lastedaboutthreeminutes Basedonthesizeoftheearthquake theNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationinitiallyurgedresidentswithin1 000kilometers 620miles oftheepicentertoevacuatecoastalregions ButnotsunamiswerereportedalongIndonesia sislandcoasts whileIndia MalaysiaandThailandcanceledtsunamiwarningsearlyTuesday L B L 1Script LISTENING L B L 1Script Thequake smagnitudewasvariouslyreportedbymonitoringagenciesas8 7and8 5 TheU S GeologicalSurveyreportedtheformerafterinitiallyputtingthemagnitudeat8 2 thePacificTsunamiWarningCenterreportedthelatter ThemainjoltwaslocatednearthecoastofnorthernSumatra about200kilometers 125miles westnorthwestofSibolga andabout1 400kilometers 880miles northwestofJakarta Indonesia scapital TheU S GeologicalSurveysaidthequakewas30kilometers 20miles deep LISTENING L B L 1Script Thequakestruckat11 09p m 04 09p m GMT 11 09a m ET ItwasfeltinIndonesia Malaysia SingaporeandasfarnorthasBangkok Thailand LISTENING PartB PairWork 1 Formpairsandanswerthefollowingquestions Afterabriefdiscussion somestudentswillbeinvitedtopresenttheirideasinfrontoftheclass 1 Inmostpartsoftheworld thevolumeoftrafficisgrowingatanalarmingrate Discussaboutthemaintrafficproblemsinyourcountry theircausesandpossiblesolutions PairWork SPEAKING PartB PairWork 2 2 Whyusingthemobilephonewhiledrivingisdangerous PairWork SPEAKING PartB PairWork 2 Causes PairWork 1 Welacktheinfrastructureconstructioninsomeruralareas 2 Theoverpopulationmaybeareasonfortrafficjamsinurbanarea Althoughthecitytransportationservicekeepsimproving itstillhardlymeetstheincreasingneedsofpeople 3 Peopleabusetheprivatecarsinplaceofpublictransport whichcausesmorevehiclescrowdinginthestreets SPEAKING 4 Individualsarealsoresponsibleforthisproblem Peoplearelackinginawarenessoftrafficrulesandregulations Sometimes peopledriveafterdrinking whichcausesmanytrafficaccidents Solutions 1 Governmentshouldal