科技文献写作题库.doc

题库1 what is research?Research means investigating thoroughly, to be more exact, it means searching where others have searched in the hope of finding what others have not found, namely, something new.2 what is a research paper?An academic paper is a sort of describing some original research a researcher has done or has been doing. It is usually a formal, substantial and well-documented paper that explores, discusses or analyzes some factual or theoretical questions.3 what are the basic elements in a BA thesis?The BA thesis elements are title page, thesis statement, outline, table of contents, abstract, the text of the paper (introduction, body and conclusion), acknowledgements, and bibliography.4 what does documentation mean?Documentation refers to furnishing the paper with exact references to authoritative supporting information. It consists of two parts in different forms: in-text documentation and extra-text documentation.5 please describe the process of writing a BA thesis.The process of writing a BA thesis includes choosing a topic, exploring data, gathering data, formulating a thesis, organizing data and ideas, drafting a paper, reviewing and revising the paper and finalizing the paper.6 what does plagiarism mean?As an act to deceive the reader of the paper, plagiarism is a breach of ethics. As a theft of the original authors ideas, interpretations or words, it also means violation of the law.7 What is a thesis proposal? And what are the basic elements in a thesis proposal?Thesis proposal is a document presenting a general overview of your work; it is generally done as a written report and presented on a seminar. Your tutor is to analyze your report and to give its impersonal and objective judgment.what does in-text citation mean? in MLA style?It means quoting or mentioning in the text other source materials as evidence to the paper writers ideas or arguments on certain issues.In MLA style, it refers to the works of others in your text is done by using whats known as parenthetical citation. Immediately following a quotation from a source or a paraphrase of a sources ideas, you place the authors name followed by a space and the relevant page number(s).8 how to document a long quotation?If you quote five or more lines, indent all the material ten spaces and omit quotation marks the act of indenting tells the reader the passage is a quotation).9 How to find a research topic?There are four ways to find a topic: following personal interests, talking with other people, brainstorming and reading source materials.10 What areas can you explore when you want to write a research paper?For the English majors there are many areas for research. For example:Language studies, including English morphology, syntax, semantics, stylistics, pragmatics and so on.Literary studies , including British , American, Australian , Canadian,etc, and their comparisons with Chinese literature; Translation studies including written translation and oral interpretation;International studies, including any English-speaking countrys history, economy, law national culture, etc.Application studies, including TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) and so on. 11 What does oral defense mean?Oral defense is a well prepared、organized、planned and relatively formal way to examine the thesis or dissertation. In this way, teachers can know exactly whether the thesis is written by the students themselves. At the same time, they can know whether the students understand what they wrote.12 What is an abstract? And what are the basic elements in it?An abstract is a summary of a book or article, a shortened form of a speech, article, book, etc., giving only the most important facts or arguments. It is a very brief summary or the papers content, a presentation of its central ideas or focal points in a few sentences or in 300-500 words.Topic specification (TS)Background information (BI)Purpose statement (PS)Methodology and data (MD)Results/Findings ( RF)Implications /conclusions (IC)13 Please describe the functions of the literature review section in a BA thesis?Literature reviews provide you with a handy guide to a particular topic. If you have limited time to conduct research, literature reviews can give you an overview or act as a stepping stone. Literature reviews also provide a solid background for a research papers investigation.14 What does acknowledgements section mean?Acknowledgements is section a short text at the beginning or end of a book where the writer names people or other works that have helped in writing the book.15 How to write the introduction of a BA thesis?Subject Identify your specific topic, and then define, limit, and narrow it to one issue.Background Provide relevant historical data. Discuss a few key sources that touch on your specific issue. If writing about a major figure, give relevant biographical facts, but not an encyclopedia-type surveyProblem The point of research paper is to explore or resolve a problem, so identify and explain the complications that you seeThesis sentence Within the first few paragraphs, use your thesis sentence to establish the direction of the study and to point your readers toward your eventual conclusions (Lester 133)Elements of structure in an introduction1) introducing the topic2) focusing the issue3) reviewing previous research (for example, discussing deficiencies in previous research)4) discussing deficiencies in previous research5) proposing a new /different way of investigation17 How to write the conclusion section of a BA thesis?Conclusions are often the most difficult part of an essay to write, and many writers feel that they have nothing left to say after having written the paper. A writer needs to keep in mind that the conclusion is often what a reader remembers best. Your conclusion should be the best part of your paper.A conclusion should stress the importance of the thesis statement, give the essay a sense of completeness, and leave a final impression on the reader.The Conclusion chapter usually consists of three sections:(1）major findings; (2）implications;(3）recommendations for future research.18 What basic steps does a research contain?Select a topic; narrow the topic; develop a thesis statement; gather resources; read、analyze and record; Create an outline; write a first draft; gather additional information; revise the draft; cite your sources; proofread、edit and revise；19 How to adjust a topic?If you want to adjust your topic, you should make the following four factors into consideration.Whether your topic is too broad; whether your topic is interest to you. Whether your topic will enable you to read and understand the literature. Whether your topic has resources available. Make sure there are enough to write a good paper20 How to proofread your BA thesis?First, dont rely entirely on spelling checkers; second, grammar checkers may be more problematic; third, proofread for only one kind of error at a time; forth, read slow and read every word; fifth, divide the text into individual sentences; sixth, circle every punctuation mark; seventh, read the paper backwards; 21 What qualities does a research paper have?Abstracti