2018_2019学年高考英语一轮复习TheUnitedKingdom讲义新人教版.docx

Unit 2 The United Kingdom一、刷黑板第一屏听写.阅读词汇(英译汉)1credit n信任；学分；赞扬；信贷2currency n. 货币；通货3institution n. 制度；机制；公共机构4architecture n. 建筑学；建筑艺术5administration n. 管理；行政部门 第二屏听写6furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的7fax n. 传真(机)vt. 用传真传输(文件)8royal adj. 王室的；皇家的；高贵的9uniform n. 制服10splendid adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的 第三屏听写11statue n塑像；雕像12communism n. 共产主义13pot n. 罐；壶14error n. 错误；过失；谬误15tense n. 时态16consistent adj. 一致的 第四屏听写.高频词汇(汉译英)1unite vi.& vt. 联合；团结2kingdom n. 王国3consist vi. 组成；在于；一致4province n. 省；行政区5clarify vt. 澄清；阐明6accomplish vt. 完成；达到；实现7conflict n. 矛盾；冲突8unwilling adj. 不愿意(的)；不乐意(的) 第五屏听写9union n联合；联盟；结合；协会10convenience n. 便利；方便11rough adj. 粗糙的；粗暴的12roughly adv. 粗略地；粗糙地13nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的14attract vt. 吸引；引起注意15collection n. 收藏品；珍藏；收集16port n. 港口(城市) 第六屏听写17countryside n乡下；农村18enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的；使人高兴的19description n. 描写；描述20possibility n. 可能(性)21plus prep. 加上；和adj. 加的；正的；零上的22quarrel n. 争吵；争论；吵架vi. 争吵；吵架 第七屏听写23alike adj.相同的；类似的24arrange vt. 筹备；安排；整理25wedding n. 婚礼26fold vt. 折叠；对折27sightseeing n. 观光；游览28delight n. 快乐；高兴；喜悦vt. 使高兴；使欣喜29thrill vt. 使激动；使胆战心惊 第八屏听写30consist_of由组成31divide_.into 把分成32break_away_(from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离33to_ones_credit 为带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在名下34leave_out 省去；遗漏；不考虑35take_the_place_of 代替36break_down (机器)损坏；破坏 二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读单词1.credit n信任；学分；赞扬；信贷2currency n. 货币；通货3institution n. 制度；机制；公共机构4architecture n. 建筑学；建筑艺术5administration n. 管理；行政部门6.furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的7fax n. 传真(机)vt. 用传真传输(文件)8royal adj. 王室的；皇家的；高贵的9uniform n. 制服10.splendid adj.壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的11statue n. 塑像；雕像12communism n. 共产主义13pot n. 罐；壶14error n. 错误；过失；谬误15tense n. 时态16consistent adj. 一致的表达单词1.consist vi.组成；在于；一致2clarify vt. 澄清；阐明3conflict n. 矛盾；冲突4unwilling adj. 不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)5nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的6collection n. 收藏品；珍藏；收集7countryside n. 乡下；农村8possibility n. 可能(性)9quarrel n. 争吵；争论；吵架vi. 争吵；吵架10fold vt. 折叠；对折11sightseeing n. 观光；游览12thrill vt. 使激动；使胆战心惊13enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的；使人高兴的14plus prep. 加上；和adj. 加的；正的；零上的15province n. 省；行政区16alike adj. 相同的；类似的语境活用1The true wealth does not consist (在于) in what we are, but in what we have.2Your explanation has clarified (阐明) this difficult sentence.3There is a possibility (可能性) that the company will suffer a great loss this month.4Having quarrelled (争吵) with his wife about who should wash the dishes, he felt very upset.5We should settle conflicts (冲突) in a peaceful way, thus friendship comes into being.6This is a good chance to go abroad, so she is unwilling (不愿意的) to give it up.7I think this was perhaps the most enjoyable (令人愉快的) occasion we have ever had at the White House.8We spent the days sightseeing (观光) and the evenings sitting in the bars drinking the local wine.拓展单词1.rough adj.粗糙的；粗暴的roughly adv.粗略地；粗糙地2unite vi.&vt.联合；团结union n联合；联盟；结合；协会3accomplish vt.完成；达到；实现accomplishment n完成；达到4arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理arrangement n布置；整理；安排；筹备5attract vt.吸引；引起注意 attraction n吸引；有吸引力的地方attractive adj.有吸引力的6delight n快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.使高兴；使欣喜delightful adj.快乐的；令人高兴的delighted adj.高兴的；欣喜的7description n描写；描述describe vt.描述8convenience n便利；方便convenient adj.方便的；便利的语境活用1Your suggestion has greatly contributed to the accomplishment (accomplish) of our work.2Its very convenient for me to ring you up. There is a convenience store near my home.(convenient)3He described the robbery in detail to the policeman and his description was very valuable the police caught the robber in a short time.(describe)4What attracts me most in Beijing is that there are many attractions,_like the Great Wall, the Summer Palace. They are so attractive as to attract eyes from every corner of the world.(attract)5Our department will be in charge of arranging the conference. Would you please give us some suggestions on the arrangement for it? (arrange)6Two days later, I was delighted to hand in all of my work on time, to my teachers delight.(delight)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.consist_of由组成2divide_._into 把分成3refer_to 谈到；说到；参考；涉及4break_away_(from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离5take_the_place_of 代替6to_ones_credit 为带来荣誉； 值得赞扬；在名下7leave_out 省去；遗漏；不考虑8break_down (机器)损坏；破坏9keep_ones_eyes_open 留心看10in_memory_of 纪念11make_a_list_of 列的清单12at_one_time 曾经；一度1.The printing machines are always breaking_down,_which annoys him a lot.2Our country is like a big family, consisting_of fiftysix nations.3It is much to_her_credit that Mary continued to work in spite of all the difficulties.4The town was named after Mr.Smith, in_memory_of his great contributions to its development. 5The young boy was so angry that he broke_away_from his mother and ran away.6The most important words in this sentence have been left_out,_so it doesnt make any sense.7The professor has suddenly fallen ill. Who can take_the_place_of him to give the lecture?8It was foolish of you to refer_to your notes in such an important test. As a result, you got punished.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。“keep/make宾语宾补”结构。保持环境清洁无污染是让人们生活健康的关键一步。Keeping_the_environment_clean and free of pollution is the key step to make_life_healthy.2.Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地点列了清单。过去分词短语作状语。面对这么多要学的新东西，我会感到恐惧，不知道该做什么。(2014湖北高考满分作文)Faced_with_so_many_new_things_to_learn,_I was overcome by fear and was at a loss what to do. 3.It looked splendid when first built!刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！状语从句的省略。刚被引入市场时，这些产品就取得了巨大的成功。When_first_introduced_to_the_market,_these products enjoyed great success.4.It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。It seemed strange that .“似乎很奇怪”，should have done表示对过去发生的事情感到惊讶。看起来很奇怪，他竟然拒绝了我们提出的行之有效的建议。It seemed strange that he should_have_rejected the practical suggestion put forward by us.(四)初中考点再回顾高频考查类记熟文化差异类辨清易忘易错类勤览1.right now现在 2rush out 冲出去3scarf n. 围巾；头巾4school trip 学校郊游5scoop n. 勺子；铲子6send for 派人取/请1.beat_v 心脏跳动2give_._a_lift 搭便车；捎一程3in disbelief 难以置信4serve me a cup of coffee 给我端上一杯咖啡5serve as/for 充当；担任6work out the answer 解出答案1.flash n闪光灯2maybe adv. 可能3may be 可能是4a sense of direction 方向感5a sense of humour 幽默感6go out of ones way to do sth. 特地做某事一、过重点单词1convenience n便利；方便；便利的事物；便利设施教材原句England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大的。为方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个地区。(1)for convenience为方便起见at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候(2)convenient adj.方便的；便利的(be of convenience)It is convenient for sb.to do sth. 某人方便做某事(3)inconvenience n. 不方便；不便inconvenient adj. 不方便的多角练透单句语法填空Bachelet says she selected it for convenience and I observe that it is also cheap. If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience to Ms Chen at chenlaoshiaef. com. (2015陕西高考书面表达)In the past several weeks, many cities in Northern China have been suffering from heavy fogs, causing great inconvenience (inconvenient) to people.补全句子If_it_is_convenient_for_you,_can you pick him up at the airport at 11：30 am?如果方便的话，你可以在上午11点半到机场去接他吗？一句多译总之，如果我们能有这么一块有魔力的手表，我们的生活将会更加方便。(2014湖南高考满分作文)In a word, if we had such a magic watch, our_life_would_become_more_convenient. (convenient)In a word, if we had such a magic watch, our_life_would_become_more_of_convenience. (convenience)名师指津(1)convenience 意为“便利；方便”时，为不可数名词；意为“便利的事物或设施”时，为可数名词。(2)convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you，而不是when you are convenient。2attract vt.吸引；引起注意教材原句It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.可惜的是这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。(1)attract ones attention/mind吸引某人的注意力attract sb.to sth. 吸引某人关注某事(2)attraction n. 吸引力；吸引；有吸引力的地方a tourist attraction 旅游景点(3)attractive adj.有吸引力的；引起注意的；引起兴趣的多角练透单句语法填空This attractive (attract) tour takes you to some of San Franciscos most cheerful holiday scenes. In ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment. Most tourist attractions (attract) in China are littered, the worst of which is this lake.单句写作因此，电影产业应该做出更大的努力来吸引更多的观众。(2017江苏高考书面表达)Therefore, the film industry should_make_greater_efforts_to_attract_more_viewers.3arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理教材原句They had no time to arrange their own wedding, so they had it organized by a company.他们没有时间准备婚礼，所以他们让一家公司为其筹备。(1)arrange sth.for sb.为某人安排某事arrange to do sth. 安排做某事arrange for . to do sth. 安排做某事arrange that . 商定；安排(2)arrangement n. 安排；筹备；布置；整理make arrangements for 为做好安排多角练透单句语法填空The Jibo robot, arranged to_ship (ship) later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. We have already made arrangements (arrange) for our vacation.单句改错Dave arranged someone to drive him home.arranged后加for单句写作父母为孩子安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。(2013福建高考书面表达)Parents arrange_everything_for_their_children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.名师指津(1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb. to do sth.而不用arrange sb. to do sth.。(2)make arrangements (for sth./for sb. to do sth.)中的arrangement常用复数形式。4delight n快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)欣喜教材原句Her first delight was going to the Tower.她最先想参观的地方是伦敦塔。(1)delight sb.with sth. 用某物使某人高兴delight in (doing) sth. 以(做)某事为乐(2)take (great) delight in 以为乐with delight 高兴地；愉快地to ones delight 使某人高兴的是(3)delighted adj. 欣喜的；快乐的be delighted at/with/by 为某事而高兴be delighted to do/in doing sth. 为做某事而高兴多角练透介词填空She clapped her hands with delight. He takes great delight in painting. To our great delight, the day turned out fine. We were delighted at/with/by the opportunity to spend some time in that country.单句写作我非常高兴告诉你有关高考的事情。(2014四川高考书面表达)I_am_very_delighted_to_tell_you_something_about the College Entrance Examination.让我高兴的是，迈克尔在我的同学面前高度赞扬了我的成就，这让我感到骄傲。(2015湖南高考书面表达)Much_to_my_delight,_Michael sang high praise for my great achievements before my classmates, which made me feel proud of myself.单句语法填空1(2015福建高考单选)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, combining (combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”. 2She has no attraction (attract) for me, if you must know.3They came into conflict with the local villagers because of a heated quarrel.4What youre saying now is not consistent (consist) with what you said last week.5Can you arrange for us to visit the museum tomorrow?No problem.6It is a delight to see you so fit and healthy.单句改错1Will you be convenient to chat with me on the Internet tonight？youit2Ice cream is attraction to the children.is后加an3Is there any possibility you could pick me up at the airport？possibility后加that4I cant tell you how delight I was when I received the beautiful birthday present you gave me.delightdelighted.一句多译1昨天他跟他的女朋友争吵了一番。He had_a_quarrel_with_his_girlfriend yesterday.(quarrel n)He quarrelled_with_his_girlfriend yesterday. (quarrel v)2我很高兴应邀前来贵校做演讲。I am_delighted to have been invited to your school to deliver a speech.(delighted)Much_to_my_delight,_I have been invited to your school to deliver a speech.(delight n)What_delights_me is that I have been invited to your school to deliver a speech.(delight vt.)3(2014安徽高考书面表达)如果你方便的话，应该多进行户外运动，它有助于你保持良好的心态。If it_is_convenient_for_you,_you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to you keeping up a good state of mind.(convenient)At_your_convenience,_you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to you keeping up a good state of mind.(convenience)二、过短语、句式1consist of由组成教材原句How many countries does the UK consist of?英国是由几个部分(国家)组成的？由组成(2)consist inlie in 存在于；在于consist with 与一致/相符(3)consistent adj. 相容的；一致的be consistent with 和一致/相符多角练透根据提示用consist短语完成小片段Life mainly consists_of happiness and sorrow while happiness consists_in struggle. Remember that your ideal life does not always consist_with the reality.生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐存在于拼搏之中。记住，理想的生活并不总是和现实相一致。一句多译生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰难的日子。Life consists_of not only sunshine but also hard times.Life is_made_up_of not only sunshine but also hard times.Life is_composed_of not only sunshine but also hard times.名师指津由consist组成的几个短语consist of/in/with都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。2break down(机器)出故障/损坏；破坏；(谈判、希望、计划等)失败；破裂；(化学)分解；(身体)垮掉；崩溃教材原句 On my way to the station my car broke down.在去车站的路上，我的汽车坏了。一词多义写出下列句中break down的含义The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.(谈判、计划等)失败Your health will break down if you always stay up late.(身体)垮掉It was bad luck that my car broke down on the way to Beijing.出故障/损坏Plastic bags are difficult to break down.(化学)分解归纳拓展break away from挣脱(束缚)；脱离(政党)；打破(陈规、陋习等)break in 打断；插嘴；闯入break into 闯入break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；突然发生break up 分散；打碎；解散；(关系等)破裂The room is in a mess. It must have been broken into.房间里一团糟，肯定有人闯入了。名师指津break in和break into都表示“闯入”，但二者用法不同。前者不跟宾语，不用于被动语态；后者可以接宾语，可用于被动语态。3It seemed strange/important . that .It_seemed_strange_that the man who had developed communism should_have_lived_and_died in London.这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。 在It is/was/seems/seemed strange (necessary, natural, important, a pity) that .句型里，that引导的主语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，形式为“should do sth.或should have done sth.”，should可以省略。It is strange that the baby (should)_have_mastered (master) so much vocabulary.真是奇怪，这位孩子竟然掌握如此丰富的词汇。It is true that we may suffer from failure from time to time. However, it is important that we (should)_not_lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying.(2014福建高考书面表达)我们会因不时地失败而痛苦这是事实。但是，重要的是我们不应该失去继续尝试的热情。名师指津本句型如果描述现在或将要发生的事情，用(should)do的形式；如果描述过去发生的事情用should have done的形式。.单句语法填空1He received a set of china consisting (consist) of sixty pieces.2The prisoner broke away from the two policemen who were holding him.3All the new students will be divided into 20 classes, which will be divided among the teachers.4When she woke up, she found herself lying (lie) in hospital.5Its a pity that he missed the chance to study abroad.6Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances.单句改错1How can you believe him? He is a man whose actions do not consist in his promises.inwith2He broke away his family and has gone to live in Australia.away后加from3Its pity that you didnt come to our party yesterday evening.pity前加_a4On the other hand, I will help set up the English corner, provide us students a platform to practice our oral English. provideproviding.选词填空break down， take place， leave out，break away from， to ones credit， consist of， divide . into1Miss Green is in charge of the class consisting_of 60 students.2The talent show, whose theme is “Innovations on Campus”， will take_place in our school gymnasium from 8：30 to 11：30 am. on April 30th.3She is trying to break_away_from the bad habit, which makes her parents happy.4The teacher divided the class into small groups for a discussion.5To_his_credit,_Nathan gave back the money he found to the owner.6Every time I take part in a friends big party, I always go to talk to those who just sit alone so that they dont feel left_out.7To our disappointment, our car broke_down on the way and we had to walk to our destination.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子1在我看来，在我们现实的生活中我们应该重视我们的朋友，而不是手机，这一点很重要。(it isadj.that .)In my opinion, it_is_important_that_we_(should)_value_our_friends instead of phones in our real life.2成功在于经历失败而继续努力的能力。(consist in)Success_consists_in_the_ability to continue efforts through failures.3另外，一定要保存好这些东西，他们能够让你的心保持温暖。(keep宾语宾语补足语)Whats more, you must take good care of the things that can_keep_your_heart_warm.4当查找信息时，我们可以通过触摸屏来操作。(状语从句的省略)When_searching_for_some_information,_we can operate it by touching the screen.5我对此感到很遗憾，开始想着做些什么来帮助他们。(现在分词短语作状语)Feeling_quite_sorry_for_that,_I begin to think about what to do to help them.6如果玛丽在派对上感到受到冷落，那也是她自己的错误；她对别人一点也不友好。(leave out)It was Marys own fault if_she_felt_left_out_at_the_party;_she made no effort to be friendly to others.7这部小说由12章(chapter)组成。The_novel_consists_of_12_chapters.(consists of)The_novel_is_composed_of_12_chapters. (be composed of)The_novel_is_made_up_of_12_chapters. (be made up of)三、过语法、写作(一)单元小语法过去分词作宾语补足语.单句语法填空1The manager was satisfied to see many new products developed (develop) after great effort. 2With the couple working (work) in a nearby town, the house seems pretty empty most of the time.3In the job interviews, job applicants often find themselves asked (ask) unexpected questions, some very difficult to answer.4With the work finished (finish), they went to the seaside for a holiday.5Hes a good watch repairer and can get the clock going (go) again.6The girl answered the question in such a low voice that she couldnt make herself hea