新版新目标英语八年级下册unit 10知识点总结.doc

八年级英语下册单元知识点总结 Unit 10 I ve had this bike for three years.一、重点短语：1.haveayardsale 举行庭院拍卖会 2.bringsth.back=bringbacksth.带回，回忆3.howlong 多久 4.notanymore/anymore不再 6.boardgames 棋类游戏7.checkout 察看；观察 8.clearoutsth.=clearsth.out收拾，整理；丢掉，清理9.nolonger 不再 10.atfirst 起初 11.asfor 至于12.partwithsth.=giveupsth.放弃，交出 14.tobehonest 老实说，说实话15.millionsof 数百万的 16.searchfor 搜寻，找寻 17.acrossfrom=opposite 在对面 18.accordingto 依据，按照19.inorderto+动原 为了 20.inonesopinion 依某人看来二. 重点短语句型详解1. Ive had it for three years. 【解析】for +一段时间 表示动作持续一段时间,用于现在完成时【2012甘肃鸡西市1】 She_ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her. A. has been away from B. has left C. had left【2012湖北十堰2】Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he _ in Shiyan for five years. A. was teaching B. has taughtC. will teachD. taught2. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 【解析1】keep （kept ; kept）保留keep 用法归纳如下： 一、用作系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”，其后常接形容词作表语。 Please keep quiet / silent! 二、用作实义动词，. 保管；保存；保留 Please keep these things for me while I am away. . 赡养；饲养 I used to keep sheep in my childhood. 坚持；继续 接V-ing 形式作宾语。 If you keep practicing your spoken English, youll soon make great progress. 阻止；阻碍 keep sb/sth from doing sth 其中介词 from 不能省略。 The heavy rain didnt keep them from watching the football match. 保持。 其后常接复合宾语，表示使（某人或某物）保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。 keep + sb/sth + 介词。 If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets. keep + sb/sth + 形容词。 These gloves will keep your hands warm. keep + sb/sth + V-ing ，“让某人 / 某物一直”，强调动作的持续性。 Im sorry Ive kept you waiting. 很抱歉，让你久等了。 【短语】 keep a record 保持记录， keep in touch (with)保持与的联系 keep out (of) 把关在外面， keep up 保持；使不能入睡 keep ones / an eye on密切注视 keep away (from) 离开 keep in mind 牢记 keep ones word 遵守诺言【2013山东济南3】 Could I _ your iPad, Alice? Of course. Here you are. A. lend B. keep C. borrow D. return【2013贵州安顺2】“Did you borrow the comic book from the library?” “ Yes. I _ it for three days. Ill return it this afternoon. A. borrowed B. kept C. have borrowed D. have kept【解析2】 bring back (v+adv) 使回想起；使回忆起( ) Our excellent service _ our guests _ year after year. A. bring; down B. bring; back C. bring; in D. bring; up 3. You can also give old things away to people in need. 【解析】 in need 需要；需求【拓展】in danger 在危险中 in trouble在困境中 in silence 在沉默中 in good health 在好的健康状态中A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情4. Because I dont read it anymore . 因为我不用再读了。【解析】no more ;not anymore/ no longer ;not. any longer不再 词语同义词用法no longernot any longer强调时间或动作“不再延续” , 与延续性动词连用no more not any more强调数量和程度“不再增加” , 与非延续性动词连用 位置区别： 当修饰动词时，no longer通常置于be或行为动词前；no more一般置于行为动词后。 not. any longer与not. any more常置于句末。He can no longer walk. = He cant walk any longer The little girl no more cried. = The little girl didnt cry any more.( ) It is late. We can not wait him _. A. any more B. no more C. more5. Because Ive had it since I was a baby. 【解析】since 自从Since +从句（一般过去时），主句用现在完成时 He has studied very hard since he came to our school.【辨析】since 与for 在现在完成时态中的用法：since其后接时间点或时态为一般过去时的句子，表示某事是从什么时候开始的 Ive been a soldier since two years agofor其后接时间段，表示某事持续了多长时间Ive been a soldier for two years.【2011天津】My grandmother _ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here. Asees B. can see C. will see D. has seen【2011贵州毕节】I _ many new friends since I came here Amake Bmade Cwill make Dhave made【2013上海】_ have you been in the sports club? Since the first month I came to the school. A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon6. I have something for the kids.【解析】for 给；为了介词for用法归纳用法1：(表目的)为了。They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。用法2：(表利益)为，为了。 What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？【2013上海4】The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad _ our health. A. from B. with C .of D. for【2013牡丹江2】What did you get _ your mother _ Mothers Day? A beautiful card and a scarf. A. for; in B. for; on C. to; for【2013江苏盐城4】It is reported that a lot of adults take lessons online _ further education.A. after B. to C. with D. for7. The stories inside may be a bit old, but theyll still interesting. 【解析】a bit 稍微；有点儿a bit /a little辨析： a bit和a little在肯定句中, 修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级,一点儿。 The speaker spoke up a bit/a little so as to make himself heard more clearly. 演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿,以便使别人听得更清楚。 a little可以直接作定语修饰名词, a bit修饰名词，需后面加of构成短语 ,两者都只能修饰不可数名词 There is a little/a bit of food left for lunch. 午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。 8 . And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.【解析】check out 查看；观察 check v检查【2013浙江宁波】 Please _(检查)your test paper before you hand it in.【2013安徽3】I will meet Jane at the station, Please_ what time she will arrive. A. count B. choose C. check D. catch【2013天津】 Julie said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it? Oh, really! I havent _ my mailbox yet. A. examined B. reviewed C. tested D. checked9. So weve been clearing out a lot of things from our bedroom for a yard sale. 【解析】clear out 清理；把清空 clean up 清理；使整洁 e.g. Please clear out the cupboard. 10. Weve decided to each sell five things we no longer use. 【解析1】decide 决定decide v 决定-decision n 决定 (1)decide to do sth= make up ones mind to do sth 决定做某事 (2)make a decision 做决定 My mother has decided _(take) me to acting lessons. 【四川南充】The classroom was so dirty . I decided _. A. clean it up B. to clean it up C. clean up it 11. For example , hes owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven. 【解析】own 拥有own v 拥有owner n 物主 of ones own 某人自己的 the owner of 的所有者Who is the _(own) of the bike? I want to see it with _(I) own eyes.12. And he didnt want to lose the toy monkey hes had since then.【解析】lose (lost , lost) 失去 I hope we wont lose the competition.My daughter was more understanding , although she felt sad to part with certain toys. 【解析1】part with 与分开；失去（尤指舍不得的东西） e.g. They were sorry to part with the old house. 【解析2】certain 某种； 某事；某人 （在句中只能做定语，常与不定代词a连用，可修饰单、复数名词） e.g. A certain person called on me yesterday. adj. 确实的，无疑的be certain of 对某事有把握 e.g. They are certain of success. be certain to do sth 肯定做某事 He is certain to come.be certain +that确信 e.g. Im certain that hell come.( ) He is certain _ to ninety. A. live B. of live C. to live D. to living.13. As for me, I didnt want to give up my football shirts , but , to be honest , I havent played for a while now. 【解析1】as for 至于；关于 （后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语） e.g. As for computer, Im not telling you anything. 【解析2】 to be honest = to tell (you) the truth老实说；说实话【拓展】honest adj. 诚实的（反）dishonest adj. 不诚实的an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩【注】honest 以元音音素开头，所以前面的定冠词要用an.He is a _(honest) boy. We all dont like him.She is an _(honest) girl. We all like her. Tom likes to tell lies, he is_(honest)( ) We shoul