英语名词讲解

汉堡包水果西红柿大米 米饭草莓鸡肉牛奶吃面包健康的事物 hamburgerfruittomatoricestrawberrychickenmilkeatbreadhealthything 容易的在 后面梨子食物蔬菜胡萝卜习惯午餐早餐晚餐肥胖的 easyafterpearfoodvegetablecarrothabitlunchbreakfastdinnerfat 名词 n 概念 是表示人 事物 抽象概念等名称的词 根据其词汇意义 名词可分为专有名词和普通名词 名词 nouns 普通名词 指表示一类人 东西 抽象概念的名词 例如 表示东西 事物的 如book computer tree chopsticks 筷子 表示一类人的 如boy girl woman man teacher father 表示抽象概念 像人的情感 品质 精神的 如happiness trouble pleasure 愉快 快乐 industry 勤劳 辨认下列哪些是名词 哪些不是名词 computer takecoffee water run notebook bring table sportinteresting Mondayagenewactorsell 专有名词 指表示人 地方 机构 组织等的专有名称 具体说来 它包括人名 国家 地名 月份 星期 节日 书名 电影名以及某些抽象名词等 Jim吉姆China中国Mr Smith史密斯先生July七月Friday星期五theYellowRiver黄河Christmas圣诞节English英语ATaleofTwoCities 双城记 专有名词的首字母通常要大写 名词 可数名词 不可数名词 单数复数 转变 可数名词的复数变化 1 可数名词复数的规则变化 1 一般情况加词尾 s 如book books desk desks等 2 以s x sh ch等结尾的名词 通常加词尾 es bus buses box boxes dish dishes match matches 比赛 watch watches等 Practice Therearemany bus and car onthestreet Ihavetwo watch soIgivea watch tomysister YesterdayIwenttothesupermarketandboughtsome dish cars buses watches watch dishes 3 以 o 结尾的名词 有生命词尾es 如tomato tomatoes potato potatoeshero 英雄 heroes无生命的名词 加词尾s 如radio radios 收音机 piano pianos 但注意photo photos 相片 4 以y结尾的名词 其复数构成要分两种情况 以 辅音字母 y 结尾的名词 将y改为ies 如 city cities baby babies以 元音字母 y 结尾的名词 直接加词尾 s 如 toy toys holiday holidays等 5 以f或fe结尾的名词 多数变f或fe为v加es 如 wife wives knife knives 小刀 Leaf leaves 树叶 life lives 生命 scarf scarves 围巾 记住以下10个要把f或者fe改成v加es的单词 wife 妻子 life 生命 knife 小刀 leaf 树叶 thief 贼 half 一半 self 自己 shelf 架子 loaf 面包 wolf 狼 重点 但roof roofs 屋顶 是例外 练习 写出下列单词的单数或复数形式 friend cat tree s s question s s key s toy s photo s tomato es potato es leaf leaves zoo s radio s holiday s baby babies city cities roof s bus es box es Weneedmore potato canyougoandtakesome please Knife areusedforcuttingthings Whenwesawhisface weknewthe news wasbad Pleaseremembergivethehorsesometree leaf potatoes Knives news leaves 单复数同形 英语中 有些名词的单数与复数同行 例 people Chinese Japanese fish deer 鹿 sheep 绵羊 e g Therearemanyfishintheriver Wehaveafishforlunch 名词复数的不规则变化 有的名词单数变复数时 没有一定的规则 需特别记忆 man men男人woman women女人child children小孩tooth teeth牙齿foot feet脚goose geese鹅mouse mice老鼠ox oxen公牛 二 不规则变化男人女人a变e 鹅足牙oo变ee 老鼠虱子也好记 ous变ic 孩子加上ren 鱼鹿绵羊不用变 6 名词复数的不规则变化需要特别记忆 例如man men woman women goose geese foot feet tooth teeth mouse mice louse 虱子 lice child children fish fish deer 鹿 deer sheep sheep等 不可数名词常用apieceof acupof aglassof abottleof等来表示不可数名词的量 单复数表现在在of前面的名词上 如 桌子上有一杯橙汁 Thereisaglassoforangejuiceonthetable 这张纸是红色的 Thispieceofpaperisred 这两双袜子5美元 Thesetwopairsofsocksare5dollars 名词做主语 一定要注意主谓一致 用适当的be动词填空Mymother abeautifulwoman Thispairofpants 20dollars Mysocks red Whosepens there Ann sfamily allteachers Herfamily alargeoneinthisplace There acupofcoffeeonthedesk Thesestrawberries fresh 写出下列名词的复数形式1 orange2 class3 text4 monkey5 piano6 child7 shelf8 bed9 country10 family11 toy12 foot13 Japanese14 radio15 photo16 army17 tomato18 fox19 woman20 knife22 sheep oranges classes texts monkeys children shelves beds countries families toys Japanese radios photos tomatoes foxes pianos feet women knives sheep armies 二 用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空 1 Therearesomany wolf intheforest 2 Therearethree chair intheclassroom 3 These tomato arered 4 hero aregreat 5 Mybrotherlooksaftertwo baby 6 Therearesome deer eatingthegrass 7 Myfatherlikestoeat potato 8Chinese people liketoeatnoodles 9 Ihavealotof toy inmybedroom 10 Ihelpmymotherwash dish inthekitchen wolves chairs tomatoes Heroes babies deer potatoes people toys dishes 11 Ihavetwo pencil box 12 Therearesome bus inthestreet 13 Peterhaseight foot 14 Lindahasthree tooth 15 Therearesome child inthegarden 16 Michaellikesthe mouse 17 Therearesome goose intheriver 18 Myuncleandfatherare man 19 TomandKingare boy 20 Lindahasthree tooth pencil boxes buses feet teeth children mice geese men boys teeth 1 Icanseethree inthezoo AmonkeiesBmonkeysCmonkey2 Thepighasfour A footB feetC foots3 Mytwobrothersareboth A policemanB policemansC policemen4 Therearefour intheclass JapaneseB JapanesesC Japan5 Icanseeten inthepicture sheepB dogC pig6 The hasthree boys watchesB boy watchC boy watches7 Canyousee ontheplate A breadB breadsC breades A B C B A C A 8 Thegirloftenbrushesher beforeshegoestobed A toothB toothsC teeth9 MrBlackoftendrinksome milkB milksC milkes10 Therearesome onthefloor childB waterC books11 willlearnEnglish WomanB WomenC Man12 Lucywillshowussomenew ofhers photoB photosC photoes13 Idranktwo A bottlesoforangeB bottleoforangeC bottlesoforanges14 Thecateatstwo lastnight A mousesB miceC mouse A B C C A B B 1 Thereonthewall Theyareverybeautiful A arephotoesB arephotosC isaphotoD isphotosThiskindofcarmadeinShanghai A isB areC wereD has3 Therearefourandtwointhegroup A Japanese GermenBJapaneses GermenC Japanese GermanC Japanese Germans4 That sartbook A anB aC theDare5 Theboyshavegotalready twobreadB twobreadsC twopiecesofbreadD twopieceofbread A B D A C 6 Theoldmanwants A sixboxesofapplesB sixboxesofappleC sixboxofapplesD sixboxsofapples7 Theresomeintheriver A is fishB are fishsC is fishsD are fish8 Theretwointhebox A iswatchB arewatchesC arewatchD iswatches9 Weshouldcleantwiceaday A ourtoothB ourtoothsC teethD ourteeth10 The meetingroomisnearthereadingroom A teacherB teacher sC teac