中学英语语法(介词)课件.ppt

,介词,介词的分类（P430）,简单介词合成介词带 - ing 词尾的介词成语介词,表示时间的介词（P431）,atoninat： 时间的一点或短时间，用于“时 刻、正午、夜半、年龄”等on：特定的时间，用于“日期、星期”in： 较长的时间，用于“年、月、季 节、世纪、上下午”等,表示时间的介词（P431）,afterinHe returned after two days.He will return in two days.He will return after two oclock.He wrote the letter in two hours.,表示“在后”（过去时 VS. 将来时）,after后面是时间点时，可以用将来时,in还可以表示“在时间内”,表示地点的介词（P431）,above, over, on *below, under, beneath / underneath不一定垂直、不接触：above - below垂直、不一定接触：over - under接触：on - beneath / underneath,A is on the east of B.,A,B,A is to the east of B.,A,B,A is in the east of B.,B,A,表示地点的介词（P431）,inintoHe put his hand in his pocket.He put his hand into his pocket.,in 表示运动过程结束时最终的位置,into 强调运动的方向和状态的变化,表示地点的介词（P431）,totowardsHe was sent to prison yesterday.He was walking towards the prison when I met him.表示运动方向时，to表示实际上已经到达目的地；towards则仅指方向，而尚未到达目的地。,表示“关于”的介词,ofaboutona book of Chinaa book about Chinaa book on Chinaof：仅表示存在与否，不涉及详情about：不仅表示存在与否，而且涉及详情on：多指正式的、严肃的、系统的、带有学术意味的论述、讨论或演说,表示“手段”的介词,withbyHe made it with his own hands. He made it by hand.The old man had been stabbed with a knife.He astonished all the people by his sincerity.with (具体) by (抽象),表示“超出”的介词,abovebeyondThis book is above you.This book is beyond you.beyond 超出的程度远远大于above；above 的宾语多指事物，beyond 则多指人。,表示“排除”的介词,besides = in addition toexcept = but = other thanexcept for 表示不同项目类别的对比和限制You composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.The movie was good except for the ending.,表示“排除”的介词,except that 后接从句，“除之外”I know nothing about his career except that he is a graduate of this school.apart from = aside from (AmE)有时=besides，有时=except (for)另外，but for “若不是，要不是”，一般使用虚拟语气，与“排除”无关,Key to 9 14,CAADAC,介 词 的 搭 配,名词与介词的搭配形容词与介词的搭配动词与介词的搭配其他介词短语,名词与介词的搭配,15 16AB17 22ABBDCB,重点搭配,to sbs advantage 对某人有利find fault with sb. 挑某人的刺，找某人的碴儿put emphasis on 把重点放在compensation for 对于的补偿,形容词与名词的搭配,23 27BBABA,重点搭配,be enthusiastic about / for / overbe independent of 独立于之外，不受的支配be particular about 对挑剔，过分讲究be popular with 受欢迎be comparable with / to,动词与介词的搭配,28 34CDBABDC35 40AABAAA41 46CADCDB47 52ADABBD,重点搭配,wait on sb. hand and foot对某人无微不至地侍侯或招待consist of 由组成consist in 存在于go into 调查go through 经历、遭受go back on 违背、背弃go along with 陪伴、同意,1夺取，赢得 2压倒，击败 3支持、支撑,The heavy coat seems to bear him down.The old bridge can hardly bear up its own weight any more.He bore away the prize.,take,take off 脱下（衣服），（飞机）起飞take back 退还、收回、取消take on承担（工作）take to开始从事、养成的习惯,call,call forth 鼓起、振作call at （车船等）停靠call on拜访、呼吁call off取消,give,give way让路、坍塌give in让步、屈服give up放弃give away 分发（奖品）、泄露,hold,hold out支持hold up抢劫、拦截hold over延期hold on抓住不放、坚持,pull,pull up（车辆）停下来pull down 推翻、摧毁pull through / round 渡过难关（危机）、恢复健康pull off 脱掉（衣、帽等）pull over （车辆）靠边pull out 拔出、（火车）离站,speak,speak for 为辩护speak to跟说话speak out for / against大胆地说，发言支持或反对 speak of谈起,talk,talk back顶嘴talk down高声压倒：She wanted to give her ideas, but the other girls talked her down.talk round 说服、兜圈子谈无 talk on 的搭配,take,take away拿走、夺去take over接管take in接受、欺骗take up占据（时间、空间）,look,look up查阅look into调查look through仔细查看look out当心、注意,succeed,succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事succeed to 继承、继续,catch,catch up赶上catch out发现某人的错误catch on理解catch at想抓住，渴望获得,turn,turn to求助于turn over仔细考虑turn on打开turn up出现,look,look up to尊敬look forward to盼望无 look out on 的搭配look down on/ upon 看不起,stand up to经得起put up to唆使、激励stand up for拥护make up for 补偿add up to总计达come up with 想出put up with忍受,其他介词短语,53 54BB55 60BBBDBD,in the light of根据、按照know sb. by sight跟某人只是面熟in view被考虑in question谈论的、被讨论的in case以免、以防in effect实际上,无 down to de