Halcon编程语法.doc

输入控制参数可以是表达式，但图形参数、输出参数均应为变量；String类型变量由单引号 括起来；此外还有一些特殊字符；Boolean型变量包括 true ( = 1 )、 false ( = 0 ) ；不为零的整数将被认为true；但绝大多数的Halcon函数接受字符串型的表达：true false，而非逻辑型表达；函数返回常量用于标识错误： H_MSG_TRUE no error 2 H_MSG_FALSE logical false 3 H_MSG_FAIL operator did not succeed 5可以放在trycatchendtry块中，也可以用dev_error_var() 与 dev_set_check() 来捕获；控制语句结构：（与一般语言略有不同，它们也有输入输出变量） if . endif / if . else . endif / if . elseif . else . endif for . endfor while . endwhile repeat . until此外，也有关键字 break、continue、return、exit、stop 用来控制语句的执行；赋值语句在Halcon中也被当作函数来使用：标准赋值 assign(Expression, ResultVariable) /编辑形式，永远都是输入在前，输出在后 ResultVariable := Expression /代码形式元组插入赋值 insert(Tuple, NewValue, Index, Tuple) /编辑形式 TupleIndex := NewValue /代码形式控制变量元组操作 t,t concatenation of tuples |t| number of elements tselection of an element ti:j selection of a part of a tuple subset(t1,t2) selection from t1 by indices in t2图形元组操作对应函数 gen_empty_obj () |t| count_obj (p, num) t1,t2 concat_obj (p1, p2, q) tselect_obj (p, q, i+1) ti:j copy_obj (p, q, i+1, j-i+1) subset(t1,t2) select_obj (p, q, t2+1)元组的数学运算，如：A * B，令 m = |A|, n = |B|；若m、n不相等，且都大于1，则错误；否则返回三种情况： m=n=1，返回一个值； m=n1，返回一个包含m个数的元组，值为两元组各对于值的操作结果； m1,n=1，返回一个包含m个数的元组，值为第二个数与第一元组各值的操作结果；Halcon 的数学运算算术运算 a / a division a % a rest of the integer division a * a multiplication v + v addition and concatenation of strings a - a subtraction -a negation位运算 lsh(i,i) left shift rsh(i,i) right shift i band i bit-wise and i bor i bit-wise or i bxor i bit-wise xor bnot i bit-wise complement字符串操作 v$s conversion to string /字符串的格式化，有很丰富的参数 v + v concatenation of strings and addition strchr(s,s) search character in string strstr(s,s) search substring strrchr(s,s) search character in string (reverse) strrstr(s,s) search substring (reverse) strlen(s) length of string si selection of one character si:i selection of substring split(s,s) splitting to substrings比较操作符 t t greater than t = t greater or equal t = t equal t # t not equal逻辑操作符 not l negation l and l logical and l or l logical or l xor l logical xor数学函数 sin(a) sine of a cos(a) cosine of a tan(a) tangent of a asin(a) arc sine of a in the interval -p/2, p/ 2, a -1, 1 acos(a) arc cosine a in the interval -p/2, p/2, a -1, 1 atan(a) arc tangent a in the interval -p/2, p/2, a -1, 1 atan2(a,b) arc tangent a/b in the interval -p, p sinh(a) hyperbolic sine of a cosh(a) hyperbolic cosine of a tanh(a) hyperbolic tangent of a exp(a) exponential function log(a) natural logarithm, a 0 log10(a) decade logarithm, a 0 pow(a1,a2) power ldexp(a1,a2) a1 pow(2,a2)其他操作（统计、随机数、符号函数等） min(t) minimum value of the tuple max(t) maximum value of the tuple min2(t1,t2) element-wise minimum of two tuples max2(t1,t2) element-wise maximum of two tuples find(t1,t2) indices of all occurrences of t1 within t2 rand(i) create random values from 0.1 (number specified by i) sgn(a) element-wise sign of a tuple sum(t) sum of all elements or string concatenation cumul(t) cumulative histogram of a tuple mean(a) mean value deviation(a) standard deviation sqrt(a) square root of a deg(a) convert radians to degrees rad(a) convert degrees to radians real(a) convert integer to real int(a) convert a real to integer round(a) convert real to integer 四舍五入 number(v) convert string to a number is_number(v) test if value is a number abs(a) absolute value of a (integer or real) fabs(a) absolute value of a (always real) ceil(a) smallest integer value not smaller than a floor(a) largest integer value not greater than a fmod(a1,a2) fractional part of a1/a2, with the same sign as a1 sort(t) sorting in increasing order uniq(t) eliminate duplicates of neighboring values (typically used in combination with sort) sort_index(t) return index instead of values median(t) Median value of a tuple (numbers) select_rank(t,v) Select the element (number) with the given rank inverse(t) reverse the order of the values subset(t1,t2) selection from t1 by indices in t2 remove(t1,t2) Remove of values with the given indices environment(s