[精品]倒装句总结.doc

精品倒装句总结 提前的部分+谓语+主语提前部分助动词/情态动词+主语+v.部分倒装倒装Inversions在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。 但有时为了语法结构的需要，或者是为了强调，谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语前面，这种语序叫做倒装。 倒装的两种形式1.完全倒装将整个谓语动词提到主语前。 2.部分倒装即半倒装，将谓语的一部分即助动词提到主语前。 部分倒装部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。 如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。 主语+谓语+宾语提前的部分+谓语+主语提前部分助动词/情态动词+主语+v.Little does he carefor food.完全倒装In camethe headmaster.1）句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。 这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,few,seldom(很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）,barely,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）,no sooner（立即）,not only,in noway（决不）,by nomeans,at no time,few,not,no，no longer,no more，nowhere等Never haveI seenhim before.Seldom dowe go out.Not aword did I sayto him.Little doeshe knowwhat troublehe isin.Never haveI foundhim sohappy.Little doeshe careabout what I said.I cant swim.Neither can he.No soonerhad hegone tobed thanhe fell asleep.巩固练习:1)Hardly_the airportwhen theplane tookoff.A.I hadarrived atB.had Iarrived C.had Ireached D.I hadgot to2)Have youever seenanything likethat before?No,_anything likethat before.A.I never have seenB.never I have seenC.neverhaveI seenD.I have seen3)She isnot fond of cooking,_I.A.so am B.nor amC.neither D.nor do基本语序I loveEnglish.2.only+状语短语或状语从句放在句首,要部分倒装。 如:Only bythis meansis itpossible toexplain it.(介词短语)Only thendidIrealize theimportance ofmath.(副词)Only whenthe warwas overin1918was heable toget happilyback towork.(从句)1.Only inthis way_make progress in yourEnglish.A.you B.can you C.you beable toD.will youable to2Only whenthe meetingwas over_go bac.k tomeet hisfriend.A.he couldB.he was able toC.was heable toD.was ableto he注only修饰主语，仍用自然语序，不倒装如Only socialismcan saveChina.3.当not only.but also,hardly/scarcely/.when,no sooner.than等连接两个句子,not only,hardly/scarcely,no sooner位于句首时,前一分句的谓语用部分倒装。 1.I sawthe film,so did she.2.So loudlydid hespeak thateven peoplein thenext roomcould hearhim.练习1.The doctortold Charlieto breathedeeply and_.A.so did Charlie B.Charlie didso C.Charlie doesso D.did Charlieso2.So loudly_that_hear herclearly.A.did shespeak;could everyoneB.didshespeak;everyone couldC.she spoke;could everyoneD.she spoke;everyone could4.not until引导的从句位于句首引起的主句部分倒装He didnt finish his homeworkuntil his mother came back.直到他的妈妈回来，他才完成作业。 等到孩子睡着了，妈妈才离开房间The motherdidnt leavethe roomuntil the child fellasleep.Not untilthechildfellasleepdid themother leavethe room.注当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 Not untilhismothercamebackdid hefinishhis homework.主倒从不倒某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装On noaounts mustthis switchbe touched.这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 InUnderno circumstanceswill Ilend moneyto him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 但是，in notime(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序In notime heworked outthe problem.他马上就算出了那道题。 4、as/though(虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句名词形容词副词动词分词+asthough+主语+其他Although I am ugly,I amgentle.Ugly asI am,Iamgentle.Though he is achild,he hasto makea living.Child asheis,he hasto makea living.注意从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词Though I like youmuch,I willnever marryyou.Much asIlikeyou,I willnever marryyou.Although she might try,she couldnot passthe exam.Try thoughshe might,she couldnot passthe exam.Though he was surroundedby theenemy,he wasnot afraid.Surrounded thoughhe wasby theenemy,hewasnot afraid.练习1._,his ideawas aeptedby allthe peopleat the meeting.A.Strange asmight itsound B.As it might soundstrangeC.As strangeit mightsound D.Strange asitmightsound5.用于so norneither开头的句子此类倒装用于重复前句部分内容so beneither+助动词+主语某人也（不）是nor情态动词倒装句中的谓语应与前句的谓语时态形态一致He hasbeen toBeijing.So haveI.Tom cant answerthe question.Neither/Nor canI Helikes readingvery much.So doI他喜欢读书，我也是.So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语某人也是如此Nor/neither+be/助动词/情态动词+主语某人也不是如此如果后一句是表示对前面内容的肯定或确认,so表“确实”时，则不倒装。 So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词某人确实如此Betty isa nicegirl.So sheis.“so+adj./adv.”位于句首时的倒装副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装So coldwas theweather that we hadto stayat home.天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。 So fastdoes lighttravel thatwe canhardly imagineits speed.光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。 So suddenwas theattack thatwe hadnotimeto escape.袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。 练习1.Ihavenever beento GuangzhouUniversity,neither/nor hashe.我从来没有去过广州大学，他也是2.-Do youknow Jimquarreled withhis brother?-I dont know,_.A.nor dontIcare B.nor doI careC.I dont careneither D.I dont carealso (1)-I wouldnever eto thisrestaurant again.The foodis terrible.-_!Nor IamB.Neither wouldI C.Same withme D.So doI易错题 1、I wonderif yourwife willgo to the ball.If yourwife_,so_mine.A.does,will B.will,doesC.will,would D.does,do 2、-I seldomwatch TV,but listentotheradio a lot.-_.A,So doI B.Neither doI C.So Ihave D.So it is withme.6.在hardly/scarcely/when；no soonerthan;not onlybut also；的倒装句中，前倒后不倒.hardly/scarcely/no sooner后句子的谓语用had done,when/than后句子的谓语用一般过去时 (1)Hardly/Scarcely hadhe fallenasleep whena loudso.that;suchthat knockat thedoor awakedhim. (2)No soonerhad Ireached thestation thantrain moved. (3)Not onlyis heinterested infootball but also heplays itwell. (4)So harddoeshework that he hasmade greatprogressin English.典型例题No sooner_than it began to rain heavily.A.the gamebegan B.has thegame begunC.did thegame beginD.had thegame begun8，sothat结构中的so置于句首时，需要部分倒装。 例如So loudlydid hespeak thateven peoplein thenext roomcould hearhim.So proudwas hethat henever listenedto anyadvice.句首是to such a degree/extent,to sucha extreme,to sucha length,to sucha point,with everyjustification,with goodreason等状语时，句子需要部分倒装。 To sucha degreewas heexcited thathe couldnt goto sleepthat night.7.as/thoush引导让步状语从句时，可将谓语部分的形容词名词动词等提到句首，采用部分倒装。 如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。 如Try ashemight,he didnt passthe exam.=Though hemight try,he didnt passthe exam.Hard asI studied,I couldnot catchup withthem.Old asthey were,they stuckon working注意如果单数名词或形容词最高级作表语，则不用冠词。 倒装句的特殊用法1.在全部倒装句中，主语是人称代词时，不能将谓语动词前移。 例如Away theygo.Here itis.2.在以开始的省略句中，表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定时，不必用倒装句倒装句。 例如Its coldtoday.So itis.,9.在虚拟语气中，条件从句的if省略时，had,were,should需与主语倒装。 例如 （1）If Iwere you,I wouldwork hard.Were Iyou,I wouldwork hard.2)If itshould rain tomorrow,we wouldput offour meeting.Should itraintomorrow,we wouldput offour meeting.3）If hehad followed my advice,he wouldhave sueeded.Had hefollowedmyadvice,he wouldhave sueeded.If itwere not for his teachers help,he wouldnever graduatefrom thishigh school.Were itnotforhisteachers help,he wouldnever graduatefrom thishigh school.注意我们可以说Were itnot.或者Had itnot been.,但不可以说Werent it.或者hadnt itbeen._five minutesearlier,you couldhaveseenthem off.A.If youshould arriveB.If youarrive C.Had youarrived D.Should youarrive巧记倒装口诀倒装其实很好记，记住“闹事”（NAO SHI）就可以。 说明NAO SHI中的六个字母代表六种情况。 1.N代表否定词。 当否定词置于句子开头时，句子要用部分倒装。 这些否定词有no,little,seldom,never,not until,not only,neither,nor,hardly,no sooner等词。 如Little doeshe knowabout it.Hardly hadhe arrivedthere whenitbegantorain.Not onlycanhespeak English,but also he canwrite articlesinEnglish.2.A代表as。 as(尽管)引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序。 如Fail ashe did,he didnt loseheart.Child asmy youngerbrother is,he knowsalot.3.O代表only。 only修饰状语置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 如Only in a strangeplace did he realizehow goodhishomeis.Only whenyou growup willyou understandme.4.S代表so和such。 当“sothat.”和“suchthat”结构中的so和such位于句首或so表示“也”的时候，句子用倒装语序。 如So clevera boyis hethathecan workout sucha probleminashort time.Such alovely dayis itthatwewant togooutfor apiic.He haslearned tosend e-mails.So haveI.5.H代表以here为首的表地点、方位等的词或词组。 这样的词有here、there、in、out，off、away、up、down、back。 当这些词放在句首时，句子要用全部倒装，即把整个谓语动词提前。 Down fellsome apples.Out rushedthe boy.On topof thehill stands a tree.不过，对于全部倒装的情况来说，当主语是人称代词时，主谓不倒装。 如Here ites.In hecame.6.I代表if。 If引导虚拟条件句时，如把if省略，要用部分倒装。 如Should yoube in trouble,we wouldhelp you.(=If youshould beintrouble,we wouldhelp you.)Were Iyou,I wouldgo therewith him.(=If Iwere you,I wouldgo therewith him.)Had he e earlier,he wouldhave metSharon.10.在以often,well,many atime,now andagain等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。 如:Many atime hasJohn givenme goodadvice.Often havewe enteredfor thehigh jump.巩固练习:Many atime_bowling alone.A.the boywent B.went the boy C.did the boy goD.did gotheboy8.在比较和方式状语从句中，如果主语不是人称代词，常在主语前加助动词do/did代替前面已出现过的动词。 例如I spendmore thando myfriends.She traveleda greatdeal asdid mostof herfriends.全部倒装的用法1.用于由here,out,in,up,down,back off,away,now,then等副词引导的句子，通常称作把时间状语或地点状语提前的倒装句，其谓语动词通常跟在时间状语或地点状语之后。 谓语动词多为表示运动的不及物动词（go,e,leave,move,run,rush,ny,jump等）如Here isa telegramfor you.这儿有你一封电报。 Down jumpedthe manfrom thehorse那人从马上跳下来。 Now esyour turn.在上述情况中，主语是代词时，则不用倒装。 如Here youare.给你。 In hecame and themeetingbegan.他进来，会议就开始了。 巩固练习:There_.And here_.A.goes the phone;she eB.is thephone going;is sheC.does thephone go;does shee D.thephonegoes;e she由引出的倒装当not onlybutalso位于句首引出句子时，not only后的句子通常用部分倒装形式Not onlyis hea teacher,but heis alsoa poet.他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。 2.在带有助动词“be”的句子中，动词-ing和-ed形式可移至句首，主语移至“be”后面，形成全部倒装。 例如Running acrossitisa stream.Buried inthe sandswas anancient village.Walking at the headof theline wasour teacher.Such wasthe storyhe toldme.巩固练习:1._,a manof achievements,deep thoughts,but withsimple habits.A.Einstein wassuch B.Such wasEinsteinC.Einstein wassoD.So wasEinstein2._are thedays whenteachers werelooked downupon.A.Gone B.Go C.To goD.Going4.为了使描写的景象更生动,常把拟声词或away,in,out,up等状语放在句首,从而引起主谓全部倒装。 例如Down itfell fromthe appletree.The dooropened.In rushedthe crowd.Up wentthe arrowinto theair.Away wenttheboy.5.当句子的主语较长而谓语较短时，常将状语放在句首，主谓全部倒装使句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。 例如Faint growthe soundof thebell.At theend of the kaleidoscopeare twoplates,one madeoftheglass andthe otherof groundglass.6.用于表示祝愿的句型。 例如May youlive along andhappy life!Long livethe Peoples Republicof ChinaLong liveour greatcountry!伟大的祖国万岁！May置句首，表示祝愿。 May yousueed.祝你成功！there be/lie/stand/live/seem/appear/exist/e/go/seem句型中全部倒装。 如There goesthe ambulance.救护车来了。 3.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。 如Between thetwo buildingsstandsatall pine.两座楼之间有棵大松树。 巩固练习1._and caughtthe mouse.A.Up the cat jumpedB.The catup jumpedC.Up jumpedthe catD.Jumped upthecat2._andthelesson began.A.In cameMr BrownB.Mr Brownin cameC.In camehe D.came inMr Brown3.Over_,dead.A.rolling the goat B.rolled thegoat C.did thegoat rollD.thegoatrolled4.Where ismy shirt,mum?_.A.There isit B.There itisC.There isD.Here isit5.Where isyour father?Oh,_.A.here hees B.he here esC.here doesheeD.hereeshe6.The dooropened andthere_.A.enters an old man B.entered an old manC.did an old manenterD.anold man entered7.Now_your turnto recitethe text.A.will eB.es C.has eD.there is8.Often_them notto smokehere.A.we advisedB.advised meC.did weadvise D.had weadvised9._playing soldiers.A.Inside the room weretwo boysB.Inside theroom two boys C.Were twoboys insidetheroomD.Inside theroom wastwoboys10.On thewall_two largeportraits.A.are hangingB.hanged C.hang D.hangs11._who waswounded inthe stomach.A.Among themwere a soldier B.Among themwas asoldier C.Among themasoldierwas D.Among theywasasoldier12.Next doorto ours_,who isno lessthan eighty.A.that lives anold manB.does anoldmanlive C.livesanoldmanD.where livesanoldman13.She playsthe pianovery well,_.A.so every