2019年高考英语(江苏版)精准提分练限时训练(九)Word版含解析

限时训练(九).阅读理解AInspiring young minds!TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of childrens publishing，bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.What is so special about TOKNOW Magazine? Well，it has no ads or promotions insideinstead it is jam-packed with serious ideas.TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children，who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy(哲学)and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.Whats inside?Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to makethe magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.Sounds too good to be true?Take a look onlineevidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends.Happy Birthday All Year!What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month? The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.SUBSCRIBE NOWAnnual SubscriptionEurope 55Rest of World 65Annual Subscription with Gift PackIncludes a Mammoth Map，a Passport Puzzle Booklet，and SubscriptionEurope 60Rest of World 70Refund Policythe subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.语篇解读本文是一份杂志的征订广告。文章介绍了一份针对儿童的出版物TOKNOW Magazine的特点、内容、定价及退订政策等相关信息。1Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?AIt entertains young parents.BIt provides serious advertisements.CIt publishes popular science fictions.DIt combines fun with complex concepts.答案D解析细节理解题。该题可定位至What is so special about TOKNOW Magazine？由框中的“TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive”可知，这份杂志的特殊之处在于它能把复杂的概念变得很吸引人，即D项“它把娱乐和复杂的概念结合起来了”。2What does TOKNOW offer its readers?AOnline courses.BArticles on new topics.CLectures on a balanced life.DReports on scientific discoveries.答案B解析细节理解题。由第二段右框内容可知，该杂志每月提出一个新话题，并配以文章、实验和创新的东西，故选B项“关于新话题的文章”。3How much should you pay if you make a 12-month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China?A55. B60.C65. D70.答案D解析细节理解题。由题干中的几个关键点12-month(即annual“一年的”)、with gift pack及from China(即Rest of World)可锁定价格为70英镑，故选D项。4Subscribers of TOKNOW would get .Afree birthday presentsBfull refund within 28 daysCmembership of the TOKNOW clubDchances to meet the experts in person答案B解析细节理解题。由文章最后一句的退订政策可知，订阅者在28天内可退订并收回全款，故选B项。BAt every stage of our lives we make decisions that will deeply influence the lives of the people were going to become，and then when we become those people，were not always thrilled with the decisions we made.So young people pay good money to get tattoos(文身) removed that teenagers paid good money to get.Middle-aged people rush to divorce people whom they rushed to marry when they were young adults.Older adults work hard to lose what middle-aged adults worked hard to gain.The question is，as a psychologist，what fascinates me is why we make such decisions.Now，I think one of the reasons is that we have a fundamental misconception about the power of time.Every one of you knows that the rate of change slows over the human lifespan，and that your children seem to change by the minute but your parents seem to change by the year.The answer is that all of us are walking around with an illusion(错觉)，an illusion that history，our personal history，has just come to an end，that we have just recently become the people that we were always meant to be and will be for the rest of our lives.Heres what we found.First of all，you are right，change does slow down as we age，but second，youre wrong，because it doesnt slow nearly as much as we think.At every age，from 18 to 68 in our data set，people vastly underestimated how much change they would experience over the next 10 years.We call this the “end of history” illusion.Now its not just values.Its all sorts of other things，for example，personality.Again the rate of change does retard as we age，but at every age，people underestimate how much their personalities will change next decade.And it isnt just things like values and personalities.You can ask people about their likes and dislikes，their basic preferences.And we found it changed.Does any of this matter？Is this just a form of mis-prediction that doesnt have consequences？No，it matters quite a bit，and Ill give you an example of why.It troubles our decision-making in important ways.Bring to mind right now for yourself your favorite musician today and your favorite musician 10 years ago.On average，people said they would pay 129 dollars to see their current favorite musician perform for 10 years from now.And yet，when we asked them how much they would pay to see the person who was their favorite 10 years ago perform today，they say only 80 dollars.Why does this happen？Were not entirely sure，but it probably has to do with the ease of remembering versus the difficulty of imagining.Most of us can remember who we were 10 years ago，but we find it hard to imagine whom were going to be，and then we mistakenly think that because its hard to imagine，its not likely to happen.The bottom line is that time is a powerful force.It transforms our preferences.It reshapes our values.It changes our personalities.We seem to appreciate this fact，but only in retrospect(回顾过去)Only when we look backwards do we realize how much change happens in a decade.Its as if，for most of us，the present is a magic time.Its a watershed(分水岭) on the timeline.Its the moment at which we finally become ourselves.Human beings who are still in the progress of development mistakenly think theyre finished.The one constant in our life is change.语篇解读生命的每个阶段，我们都会做出一些决定，这些决定会深刻影响我们未来的生活。当我们成为未来的自己时，我们可能会对曾经的决定后悔。这是为什么呢？5What can we know from the first paragraph?AWere always satisfied with our past decisions.BWe make decisions that our future selves often regret.CWe always make regrettable decisions when we are old.DWe make different decisions at every stage of our lives.答案B解析推理判断题。第一段谈到：在我们生命的每个阶段，我们都会做出一些决定，这些决定会深刻影响未来我们自己的生活。当我们成为未来的自己时，我们并不总是对过去做过的决定感到高兴。所以年轻人花很多钱洗去自己少年时花了很多钱做的文身；中年人急着跟年轻时迫不及待想结婚的人离婚；老年人很努力地挥霍着作为中年人时不停工作所获得的东西。由此推知，我们会做出让未来的自己经常后悔的决定。6What does the illusion bring to us?AIt makes us overestimate our future.BIt stops us from changing all the time.CIt makes us have a false feeling that we are changing.DIt makes us mistakenly believe that our past is over.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，答案是我们所有人都在围绕着一种错觉生活，这种错觉就是，我们每个人的过去都已经结束了，我们已经成为了我们应该成为的那种人，在余下的生命中也都会如此。故这种错觉使我们错误地认为过去已经结束了。7What does the underlined word “retard” in Para.3 mean?AStop. BStabilize.CSpeed. DSlow.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在段的第二句可知，变化速率随着我们的年龄增长减慢了。故retard意为“减缓，变慢”与slow同义。8What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?AWhat people predict is not correct.BWe always make our decisions in a troubled way.CWe overestimate our current preferencesstability.DPeople pay more to see their favorite musicians now.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第四段最后三句可知，现在想想你们此时此刻最喜欢的音乐人，还有10年前你们最喜欢的音乐人。平均来讲，人们会说他们会付129美元来参加他们现在最喜欢的音乐人从现在起直到10年后的音乐会。然而当我们问他们愿意付多少钱去看他们10年前喜欢的音乐人现在的演出，他们说只有80美元。由此推知，我们高估了当前喜好的持久性。9Whats the lasting element in humans life?AThe value. BThe change.CThe preference. DThe personality.答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段前四句和最后一句可知，生命中最持久的是改变。CDuring our childhood，like every other human，we take everything personally.The human judgment center is in the prefrontal cortex(前额皮质)，which does not fully develop until humans are in their late adolescence.So，as children，we will always jump to the conclusions that everything is about us.We think we are responsible for everything.Yet，nothing that other people do is because of us.It is because of them.We may have tried our best，with our developing brain，to make sense out of the events in our life.These explanations are often pushed on us by the people we love.Therefore，we come to believe that since they love us，they would not be hurtful unless itistrue.The end result is that as an adult，we continue to think the worst about our own abilities based on these early emotional lessons，automatic thoughts，and distorted perceptions(扭曲的认识) of life.People all play roles in their family，from father or mother，to son or daughter to husband or wife.When children grow up mismanaging their anger，it may be a reflection on their familys problem with anger management.These acquired perceptions shape their character and can determine their point of view for the rest of their lives.There is the pleasing child who wouldnt think of becoming independent，for fear of displeasing his relatives.There is the rebel who leaves the family，but will re-enact(重现) the terrible pain of his childhood with his own family members when they come along.There is the abandoned child who stays at home，not out of love and something else，but because he is more afraid of being alone and abandoned than he is of his parents abusive behavior.There is the victim who cant leave because then his/her suffering might stop and his/her identity would be lost.The adult children may have grown up playing the role of a scapegoat(替罪羊)，pleaser or family victim.Theyre now seeking to outgrow(因长大而不再)these unhappy childhood roles，but their family members continue to treat them as if they were still eight years old.They dont want them to outgrow their painful roles.Their brothers and sisters are afraid they might have to change too.In counseling(心理咨询) the goal is to help clients from families with mismanaged anger to identify and replace the negative anger from the past with more con-structive，healthier ones.The first step in this process is to acknowledge they are angry at their parents，their siblings(brothers and sisters)，other family members，and especially at themselves.Then they take steps to drain anger from the past out of their systems so positivity can surface and their self-respect can reappear.Self-respecting people arent guilty of a crimethey are merely imperfect.They are not worthless or inferior(低人一等的)，and they are equal members of the human race.They do not deserve to suffer；they deserve to take life as it comes.When suffering does come，they work through it as best as they can.It is not a punishment for their “guilt”They do not need to make their suffering worse than it needs to be.语篇解读来自家庭的怨怒，对孩子心理的创伤极大，容易使他们形成不良的个性，更会影响他们的一生！10Why do children tend to take everything personally?ABecause theyre old enough to be self-respecting.BBecause their parents encourage them to do so.CBecause they probably live in a family with little love.DBecause their prefrontal cortex doesnt fully develop.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，前额皮质发育不全的青少年就很容易会有这种非常自我的情绪反应。11What does the author mean by saying “it is true”？AParents may really hurt us.BSomething is really about us.CParents really love us very much.DWe make sense out of the events.答案B解析句意猜测题。根据第一段内容可知，(我们这些)孩子总是容易认为周围发生的一切都与自己有关。然而，其他人所做的一切都不是因为我们，而是因为他们自己，这些解释和说法经常被我们所爱的人推到我们身上。由此可推知：我们相信既然他们是爱自己的，他们就不会伤人，除非我们“真的与那些(不好的)事有关”。12What can we know about those who grow up mismanaging their anger?ATheyll be punished by parents for their bad temper.BTheyll try their best to live better in the future.CTheir family members may have the same potential problems.DThey want to forget these experiences when they grow up.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，如果一个孩子长大的过程中对自己的愤怒处理不当，那么他的家人也可能有潜在的同样的问题。13According to the passage，after the family victims grow up，.Atheir parents finally realize their own mistakesBtheir siblings are unwilling to respect themCtheir family members tend to treat them as beforeDtheir behaviors appear to change completely答案C解析细节理解题。根据第五段前两句可知，当这些家庭中的受害者长大之后，他们的家庭成员倾向于像以前一样对待他们。14What is the first step for us to resolve the problem of anger management?AHonesty is the policy.BTry to be self-confident.CBe brave to leave the family.DLearn to be independent at home.答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，这个过程的第一步是承认他们对父母、兄弟姐妹以及其他家庭成员，尤其是他们自己感到愤怒。由此可知，解决此问题的第一步就是承认和面对现实，换句话说，诚实是上策。.任务型阅读Chronic disorganization(慢性失序症) occurs when one is habitually disorganized over a long period，which means the person is constantly unsystematic in how he conducts life and business.One suffering from this problem may find relief in the fact that it isnt actually a disease or even an “official” disorder.Its the continued lack of organization in ones life.Someone may become addicted to collecting a certain thing yet never organize the collection as it grows out of control.This can especially be a problem for those with a lot of time and money at hand，yet the problem can be serious for any type of person in a wide variety of situations.Ones personal attitude can often be a big part of why the chronic disorganization exists.Once the attitude of acceptance about being a “slob” is in someones head，its hard to be removed.If someone tells himself that he is a slob，he will likely live up to that self-image created by himself or by those around him.One first receives true awareness of the disorder of chronic disorganization when it starts to negatively affect relationships with friends and family members.Everybody becomes affected by this situation，especially those sharing living places with the one involved.The National Study Group for Chronic Disorganization(NSGCD) recommends that one get help through a professional organizer.The study found that all of the subjects in the study had problems with making decisions.There were varied reasons given for this problem of decision-making.Among them were fears and prioritizing issues.Research is ongoing for the link between problems in decision-making and chronic disorganization.Chronic disorganization often begins with situational disorganization，something most people experience at some point.Someone who has lost someone significant to him may start to be troubled by disorganization after a divorce.Someone who experienced changes in life and in his career may intend to let things like organization and order fall by the wayside.However，one doesnt instantly have chronic disorganization.“If youre going through hell，keep going.” Thats an old saying thats true about ones struggles with chronic disorganization.Every person has the power to change within himself.Its a matter of staying organized，one day at a time.Those who have left chronic disorganization in the past have often done so by promising to stay organized simply for that single day.Title：Chronic DisorganizationDefinitionIt means that the person has a(n) 15. of being disorganized in life and bus