碳烟颗粒论文：柴油车尾气碳烟颗粒的催化燃烧.doc

碳烟颗粒论文：柴油车尾气碳烟颗粒的催化燃烧【中文摘要】在当前能源与环境等因素制约下,柴油车因其热效率高,燃油经济性而受到广泛关注。但是柴油车尾气排放的碳烟颗粒物(PM)和氮氧化合物(NOx)浓度高,尤其是PM的排放。柴油车已经成为我国机动车NOx和碳烟颗粒的主要分担者,急需重点控制。本文以CeO2基础,通过向CeO2中掺杂不同的过渡金属和碱金属,并分别考察其在紧密和松散接触条件下的碳烟燃烧的性能；同时结合了碱金属与过渡金属的特点制备了K-Ce-Mn复合氧化物催化剂,该催化剂尤其在松散条件下表现出良好的催化活性,其Tm(最大燃烧速率温度)为405,Ti为338。本文通过低温N2吸附,XRD, TG, H2-TPR, CO-TPR, O2-TPD, FT-IR, C-TPR等多种现代分析手段研究催化剂的组成和结构对碳烟颗粒燃烧性能的影响。通过研究发现掺杂的K以碳酸盐和硝酸盐的形式高度分散在催化剂表面。K对碳烟燃烧的促进作用表现在一方面提高了催化剂表面的活性氧的浓度；另一方面通过形成熔融态的中间态碳酸盐物种,降低了催化剂与碳烟对接触状况的敏感性,从而有促进了碳烟燃烧反应的发生。【英文摘要】Diesel vehicles have received extensive attention because of its high thermal efficiency of fuel economy. However, diesel vehicles exhaust too much amount of soot particles and nitrogen oxides (NOX), especially about soot. The emission of soot and NOX from diesel vehicles play an important role in the total amount of particular matter (PM) and NOx from the vehicles, the emission control of soot and NOx have been drawn great attention.In this paper, CeO2 was doped by different transition metal oxides (Co, Mn and Cu) and alkali metal oxide (K), and the activities of catalysts for the PM oxidation under tight or loose contact condition were investigated. Among them, the K-Mn-Ce oxide catalyst prepared by sol-gel method behaved the highest activity for soot oxidation, especially under loose contact conditions. The ignition temperature of soot oxidation (Ti) was 338, and the temperature corresponding to the maximum soot oxidation (Tm) was 405。The catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET/TG, H2-TPR, O2-TPD, CO-TPR, FT-IR, C-TPR to study the effects of composition and structure on the activities of the catalysts for soot oxidation. The results suggested that K in the form of nitrate and carbonate was highly dispersed on the catalyst surface. The deposition of K could enhance the redox abilities of catalysts. At the same time, the forming of carbonate species on the surface could improve the contact between the catalyst and the particle.【关键词】碳烟颗粒 柴油车 尾气净化 CeO2 松散接触【英文关键词】Soot particles diesel vehicle exhaust purification CeO2 loose contact【备注】索购全文在线加我：1.3.99.3.8848 同时提供论文一对一写作指导和论文发表委托服务【目录】柴油车尾气碳烟颗粒的催化燃烧摘要5-6Abstracts6第1章 文献综述9-171.1 研究背景及意义9-101.2 碳颗粒物的生成与危害10-111.3 柴油机尾气净化技术11-121.3.1 柴油机内净化控制技术111.3.2 柴油机外的尾气后处理技术11-121.4 碳烟颗粒催化燃烧的催化剂分类12-151.4.1 贵金属催化剂体系131.4.2 碱金属和碱土金属催化剂131.4.3 过渡金属氧化物催化剂13-141.4.4 复合金属氧化物催化剂14-151.4.5 铈基氧化物催化剂151.5 本文研究内容15-17第2章 实验部分17-222.1 实验所用化学试剂及仪器17-182.1.1 实验所用化学试剂17-182.1.2 实验所用气体182.2 催化剂的制备182.3 催化剂活性评价18-192.4 催化剂表征19-222.4.1 X射线粉末衍射192.4.2 BET比表面积的测定192.4.3 氢气程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)19-202.4.4 氢气程序升温还原(CO-TPR)202.4.5 氧气程序升温脱附(O_2-TPD)20-212.4.6 傅立叶变换-红外光谱(FT-IR)212.4.7 无氧条件下碳的热还原212.4.8 热重与差热分析(TG/DTA)21-22第3章 CeO_2掺杂改性的催化剂对碳烟燃烧的初步探究22-333.1 引言223.2 过渡金属掺杂的CeO_2对碳烟燃烧的影响22-273.2.1 Mn掺杂的铈基氧化物催化剂22-233.2.2 Co掺杂的铈基氧化物催化剂23-243.2.3 Cu掺杂的铈基氧化物催化剂24-253.2.4 紧密接触条件下铈基氧化物催化剂活性比较253.2.5 松散接触条件下铈基氧化物催化剂活性比较25-263.2.6 铈基复合物XRD图谱26-273.3 碱金属掺杂的CeO_2对碳烟燃烧的影响27-313.3.1 催化剂TPO实验结果27-293.3.2 催化剂的XRD图谱29-303.3.3 催化剂的H_2-TPR图谱30-313.3.4 催化剂的FT-IR图谱313.4 本章小结31-33第4章 K-Ce-Mn复合氧化物催化碳烟燃烧的研究33-494.1 引言334.2 催化剂组分含量的影响33-364.2.1 K元素掺杂量的影响33-354.2.2 Mn元素掺杂量的影响35-364.3 催化剂的表征36-464.3.1 BET37-384.3.2 XRD38