复旦、交大自主招生英语应试指导及真题详解-第 8 讲作文写作技巧与注意事项.doc

第 七 讲：英 语 写 作 （二）授课讲师：常 辉 大作文往年试题：Directions: write a composition of no less than 250 words according to the outline given below. Sample 1My View on Playing Computer Games 1. 有人认为学生打电脑游戏有利于智力开发。2. 有人认为学生打电脑游戏妨碍学习。3. 我的观点。Sample 2：对贫富差距加大现象谈谈看法 评分标准Global scoring a. Contentb. Language 2分: 条理不清， 思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。5分：基本切题。表达思想不清，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。8分：有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误较多，其中有一些严重错误。11分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误14分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上没有语言错误，仅有个别小错。注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个独立的词而无法表达思想，给0分。严重错误语法错误There are many reasons caused the accident. The driver of the car no in. The life is becoming gooder and gooder. That day rain bigly.The man who through the streetThe car which in a fast speed hit him. The car which in a fast speed hit him. I got the place where happened the accident.Our city would happen many traffic. 写作注意事项1. 审好题，想好再写，不要写了又划掉，也不要写完了发现字数不够有写，这样整篇文章就不联贯了。2. 把握好文章的重心，一般“我的观点”应该是重心。3. 注意写作的格式缩进式或齐头式。4. 拿不准的词、短语或用法应避免使用。5. 表达要清晰、简洁，不必一味追求结构的复杂而尽可能多的使用从句，这样文章会显得很罗嗦。如：The economy is developing at a speed which is very fast. 6. 注意用词和搭配。7. 检查-s和-ed，尽量避免严重错误。Choice of Words 1. Three levels of English words English native words (core) informal (oral) French or Spanish words Latin or Greek words (academic words) formal (written)Examples English French or Spanish Latin or Greekask inquire interrogate break sever separate fire flame conflagration house abode residence kingly royal regal manlymale masculine rise mount ascend time age epoch I know that I am aware that I believe that I am convinced that I have a good idea. A good idea occurs to me. Cause give rise to Emphasizelay emphasis onBecause of due to, owing to Stop, end come to a stop/end Suddenly all of a sudden Often more often than not 2. Connotation of Words (English explanation)common, peasant, assassinate, gay, acquire, date, property, enemy, problem, issue 3. General Vs Specific terms (overuse of general terms) beautiful, delicious, famous, Chinas English 小康社会、缘分、丞相、风水、三个代表 孔子、孟子、老子 容易用错的词1. 词性 lack, serve, contact, last, marry, concern, like2. 汉语影响 more perfect, very excellent, return back, repeat again, good memory power, listening ability, high quality goods learn the knowledge 常见错误(1) two predicates in one simple sentenceEvery year lots of familys sit at the front of TV wait this game after have delicious meal. There have many people like SFG.My mother cooks food is very delicious.(2) Omission and overuse of Be Nowday peoples life level is arise. Many person are like watch SFG in the eve. SFG was appeared since 1984. SFG is liked by many people. How fast time was gone! SFG can divide into several parts. We very busy. (3) Comparative degreemore and more betterbecome gooder and gooder, (4) Conjunctionbecause.soalthough.butWhile(5) I very like SFG. Very hate (6) Part of speech most of we Chinese, make me surprise, with the quick development of economic and social, In mys opinion, I advice to keep SFG. eating good, drinking good, playing good; good plays, good look, good use; I think it dues to the development, Lets analysis and discovery the main factors leading the changes.To men, women just liked clothes. they like it like me like it. two weeks past choose, choice, succeed, success, successful, die, dead, death(7) Choice of words The whole family assemble to have a dinner. congratulate Spring Festival, abolish (stop, give up) SFG, sit behind the TV to look SFG, Many people fall in love with watching SFG. We can elect other programs to see. celebrate SFG with bomb, stand in the shadow/shademosquito bite/stingIts a gay meeting/party (8) Phrasesin all in; one hand, another hand, third hand; at one hand, at second hand, at last hand; in one hand, from other hand; last but not the last, last but not most; on my opinion; A coin has two hands (coins). Everything has two hands (coins). (9) Spelling We cant cansle (cancer, cancle) it. SFG is watched by hole word. happyness, include (ing) SF, Every student include me enjoys Poor people maybe very angry (hungry). eat the soap (soup); BenefitialDrivedDispiteI will adopt to the campus life联 贯1. 并列：and, as well as on the one hand on the other hand for one thing. for another firstly.secondly.thirdlyfinallysubsequently, then, thereafter, afterward, in the following at first, initially, originally at last, eventually2. 递进：Moreover, Furthermore,In addition, Additionally What is moreBesidesApart from3. 转折ButYet HoweverNeverthelessWhileWhereasOn the contraryIn contrast4. 结果SoTherefore,ThusHenceAs a result （consequence）Consequently5. 原因Because (of) Due to Owing to On the account of In view of Thanks to On the grounds that6. 假设If.Given that Provided that Unless On the condition of As (so) long as 7. 其他(1) Sentence adverbs: absolutely, alternatively, currently, undoubtedly, certainly, consequently, subsequently , obviously (2) PP: in general, on average, in fact, in effect, in theory, in practice, in reality, in particular, (3) Adv speaking: generally speaking, broadly speaking, strictly speaking, theoretically speaking (4) precisely because, mainly because, merely because, only because段落用语Beginning:With the development of As is well known to We all know that As we all know As a proverb says, As a saying goes As for some people hold the opinion that. While others argue (maintain) that Every coin has two sides. It has merits and demerits.It has pros and cons. Supporters and opponents DevelopmentRecent researches have proven/shown/indicated that My arguments/reasons/ideas will be listed as follows: In the following paragraph, I will Firstly, secondly, and finally Why is it that .EndingAll in allIn a wor