F._Scott_Fitzgerald_ppt

NovelistsinModernism 1 TheLostGenerationErnestHemingwayF Scott Fitzgerald2 WilliamFaulkner Writersin1920s lostgeneration 迷惘的一代 GroupofexpatriateAmericanwritersresidingprimarilyinParisduringthe1920sand1930s Thegroupneverformedacohesiveliterarymovement butitconsistedofmanyinfluentialAmericanwriters includingErnestHemingway F ScottFitzgerald WilliamCarlosWilliams EzraPound T S Eliot andHartCrane ThegroupwasgivenitsnamebytheAmericanwriterGertrudeStein who inaconversationwithHemingway usedanexpression alostgeneration torefertoexpatriateAmericansbitterabouttheirworldwarI 1914 1918 experiencesanddisillusionedwithAmericansociety Hemingwaylaterusedthephraseasanepigraph 题词 forhisnovel TheSunAlsoRises 太阳照常升起 1926 TheLostGeneration Itrefersto ingeneral thepost WorldWarFirst generation butspecificallyagroupofexpatriatedisillusionedintellectualsandartists whoexperimentedonnewmodesofthoughtandexpressionbyrebellingagainstformeridealsandvaluesandreplacingthemonlybydespairoracynicalhedonism 享乐主义 FamousAmericannovelist shortstorywriter andessayist Fitzgeraldisrepresentativeofthe1920s aspokesmanfortheJazzAge oneofthe lostgeneration writers F ScottFitzgerald LifeandCareerMajorWorksFitzgeraldandtheJazzAgeTheAmericanDreamCaseStudy Outline BorninSt Paul MinnesotaonSeptember24 1896HadanexpensiveeducationinprivateschoolsatPrinceton Duetoillnessandneglectofacademicstudy helefttheuniversityin1917withoutgraduation Lifeandcareer MarriedZeldaSayre whoexertedastronginfluenceonhisliterarycareerandhispersonallife Shewastheprototypeofaseriesofrich beautifulwomenwhofigureprominentlyinhisfiction Theyoungcouplefrequentlywentabroadandlivedextravagantlyaluxuriouslife Tokeepearningenoughmoney Fitzgeraldwroteshortstoriesandnovelsatarapidspeed The1930sbroughtrelentlessdeclineforFitzgeraldwithaseriesofmisfortunes hisreputationdeclined hiswealthfell hishealthfailed Zeldahadsufferedfromsomeseriousmentalbreakdownswhichconfinedherinasanitarium 疗养院 fortherestofherlife Alcoholism lonelinessanddespaircombinedtoruinFitzgerald Hediedin1940ofaheartattack Majorworks novelThisSideofParadise 人间天堂 Hisfirstnovel Itwonforhimwealthandfame TheBeautifulandDamned 漂亮冤家 又名 美丽与毁灭 TheGreatGatsby 了不起的盖茨比 长岛春梦 Hismasterpiece ItmadehimoneofthegreatestAmericannovelists TenderistheNight 夜色温柔 TheLastTycoon 最后的大亨 Hislastnovel Itremainsunfinished Majorworks shortstories FlappersandPhilosophers 1921 时髦女和哲学家 TalesoftheJazzAge 1922 爵士乐时代的故事 AlltheSadYoungMan 1926 一代悲哀的年轻人 TapsatReveille 1935 早晨的起床号 BabylonRevisited 1931 重访巴比伦 FitzgeraldandtheJazzAge TheJazzAge Itreferstothe1920s atimemarkedbyfrivolity 轻松快活 carelessness hedonism 享乐主义 andexcitementinthelifeoftheflamingyouth Fitzgeraldislargelyresponsibleforthetermandmanyofhisliteraryworksportrayit TheJazzAgeisbroughtvividlytolifeinTheGreatGatsby Daisy themaincharacterfromTheGreatGatsby exemplifiedthetraitsofaflapperwoman 时髦少女 fromthe roaringtwenties JazzAge Women sfashionsandhairstylesweredaringandrevealingduringtheJazzAge Womenbegantoexpressthemselves Thiswastheearlystagesofthefeministmovement TheJazzAgewasthetimeofthebigbandsound prohibition theflapper andthenewgenreofmodernistwriting 19 TheJazzSinger 20 Women sChangingRoles Twoflappers 轻佻女子 dancingtheCharlestonontheroofofChicago sShermanHotel 1926 FitzgeraldandtheJazzAge MostcriticshaveagreedthatFitzgeraldisbothaninsiderandanoutsideroftheJazzAge Fitzgerald sfictionalworldisthebestembodimentofthespiritoftheJazzAge inwhichheshowsaparticularinterestintheupper classsociety especiallytheupper classyoungpeople 1 SomefactsaboutthenovelTheGreatGatsby 1925 了不起的盖茨比 timeandplacewritten 1923 1924 AmericaandFrancedateoffirstpublication 1925narrator NickCarraway Carrawaynotonlynarratesthestorybutimpliesthatheisthebook sauthorpointofview NickCarrawaynarratesinbothfirstandthirdperson presentingonlywhathehimselfobserves 3 ThePlot ThesettingisNewYorkCityandLongIslandduringthe1920s NickCarraway thenarrator isayoungPrincetonman whoworksasabondbrokerinManhattan HebecomesinvolvedinthelifeofhisneighboratLongIsland JayGatsby shadyandmysteriousfinancier whoisentertaininghundredsofguestsatlavishparties GatsbyrevealstoNick thatheandNick scousinDaisyFayBuchanan hadabriefaffairbeforethewar However DaisymarriedTomBuchanan arichbutboringmanofsocialposition GatsbylostDaisybecausehehadnomoney butheisstillinlovewithher HepersuadesNicktobringhimandDaisytogetheragain GatsbytriestoconvinceDaisytoleaveTom who inturn revealsthatGatsbyhasmadehismoneyfrombootlegging 贩私酒 Daisy drivingGatsby scar hitsandkillsTom smistress MyrtleWilson unawareofheridentity GatsbyremainssilenttoprotectDaisy TomtellsMyrtle shusbanditwasGatsbywhokilledhiswife WilsonmurdersGatsbyandthencommitssuicide NickislefttoarrangeGatsby sfuneral attendedonlyGatsby sfatherandoneformerguest 4 MajorCharacters NickCarraway Thenarratorofthenovel movesfromtheMidwesttoNewYorktolearnthebondbusiness 4 MajorCharacters JayGatsby LivesnexttoNickinamansion 豪宅 throwshugeparties completewithcateredfood openbars andorchestras peoplecomefromeverywheretoattendtheseparties butnooneseemstoknowmuchaboutthehost 4 MajorCharacters DaisyBuchanan Shallow 肤浅的 girlwhoistheemodiment 体现 ofGatsby sdreams shewasgoingtomarryGatsbybuthewentofftowar 4 MajorCharacters TomBuchanan HusbandofDaisy acruelmanwholiveslifeirresponsibly 4 MajorCharacters MyrtleWilson Tomhasanaffairwiththismarriedwoman andthenabandonsherafterhebecomeboredwithher 4 MajorCharacters GeorgeWilson MyrtleWilson shusband whokilledGatsbyandcommittedsuicideafterhiswife sdeath ThedeclineoftheAmericanDreamThehollownessoftheupperclassCultureclash 5 Theme TheAmericanDreamandTheGreatGatsby TheAmericanDreamistheideaheldbymanyintheUnitedStatesofAmericanthatthroughhardwork courage anddeterminationonecanachievefinancialandpersonalsuccess ThesewerevaluesheldbymanyearlyEuropeansettlers andhavebeenpasseddowntosubsequentgenerations WhattheAmericandreamhasbecomeisaquestionsunderconstantdiscussion andsomebelievethatithasledtoanemphasisonmaterialwealthasameasureofsuccessand orhappiness TheAmericanDreamandTheGreatGatsby WhilstTheGreatGatsbyexploresanumberofthemes noneismoreprevalentthanthatofthecorruptionoftheAmericandream Gatsbyappearstobetheembodimentofthisdream hehasrisenfrombeingapoorfarmboywithnoprospects tobeingrich havingabighouse servants andalargesocialcircleattendinghisnumerousfunctions Hehasachievedallthisinonlyafewshortyears havingreturnedfromthewarpenniless However Gatsbyisnevertrulyoneoftheelite hisdreamisjustafa ade 表面 TheAmericanDreamandTheGreatGatsby However FitzgeraldexploresmuchmorethanthefailureoftheAmericandream heismoredeeplyconcernedwithitstotalcorruption Gatsbyhasnotachievedhiswealththroughhonesthardwork butthroughbootleggingandcrime Hismoneyisnotsimply new money itisdirtymoney earnedthroughdishonestyandcrime Hiswealthylifestyleislittlemorethanafa ade asisthewholepersonJayGatsby TheAmericanDreamandTheGreatGatsby Thesocietyinwhichthenoveltakesplaceisoneofmoraldecadence Whethertheirmoneyisinheritedorearned itsinhabitantaremorallydecadent livinglifeinquestofcheapthrillsandwithnoseemingmoralpurposeoftheirlives Anypersonwhoattemptstomoveupthroughthesocialclassesbecomescorruptintheprocess FitzgeraldandtheAmericanDream Fitzgerald sfictionsoftendealwiththebankruptcyoftheAmericanDream whichishighlightedbythedisillusionmentoftheprotagonists personaldreamsduetotheclashesbetweentheirromanticvisionoflifeandthesordidreality Fitzgerald sownlifewasamirrorofthe1920s Hewasthevictimofhis AmericanDream Hewasfascinatedwithmaterialwealthononehandbywritinghardtoaccumulatewealthtoliveanextravagant 铺张的 life yetwasbewildered 使迷惑 withthewealthontheother fullyawareoftheunderlyingspiritualdisorientationandmoraldecay Finallyinhislife alcoholism lonelinessanddespaircombinedtoruinhim FitzgeraldandtheAmericanDream Casestudy 1 Therewasmusicfrommyneighbor shousethroughthesummernights Inhisbluegardensmenandgirlscameandwentlikemothsamongthewhisperingsandthechampagneandthestars AthightideintheafternoonIwatchedhisguestsdivingfromthetowerofhisraft ortakingthesunonthehotsandofhisbeachwhilehistwomotor boatsslitthewatersoftheSound drawingaquaplanesovercataractsoffoam Onweek endshisRolls Roycebecameanomnibus bearingpartiestoandfromthecitybetweennineinthemorningandlongpastmidnight whilehisstationwagonscamperedlikeabriskyellowbugtomeetalltrains AndonMondayseightservants includinganextragardener toiledalldaywithmopsandscrubbing brushesandhammersandgarden shears repairingtheravagesofthenightbefore 整个夏天的夜晚都有音乐声从我邻居家传过来 在他蔚蓝的花园里 男男女女像飞蛾一般在笑语 香摈和繁垦中间来来往往 下午涨潮的时候 我看着他的客人从他的木筏的跳台上跳水 或是躺在他私人海滩的热沙上晒太阳 同时他的两艘小汽艇破浪前进 拖着滑水板驶过翻腾的浪花 每逢周末 他的罗尔斯一罗伊斯轿车就成了公共汽车 从早晨九点到深更半夜往来城里接送客人 同时他的旅行车也像一只轻捷的黄硬壳虫那样去火车站接所有的班车 每星期一 八个仆人 包括一个临时园丁 整整苦于一天 用许多拖把 板刷 榔头 修技剪来收拾前一晚的残局 WritingStyle FitzgeraldisconsideredasagreatstylistinAmericanliterature Hisstyle closelyrelatedtohisthemes isexplicitandchilly Hisaccuratedialogues hiscarefulobservationofmannerism styles modelsandattitudesprovidethereaderwithavividsenseofreality Heusedthescenicmethodinhischapters eachoneofwhichconsistsofoneormoredramaticscenes sometimeswithinterveningpassagesofnarration leavingthetediousprocessoftransitiontothereaders imagination Fitzgerald sproseissmooth sensitive andcompletelyoriginalinitsdictionandmetaphors Atthebeginningofthischapter Gatsby spartiesbring1920swealthandglamourintofullfocus showingtheupperclassatitsmostlavishlyopulent However whatliebehindthoseluxuriouspartiesaremeaninglessnessandemptiness HereFitzgeraldgivesgreatattentiontothedetailsofcontemporarysociety Gatsby spartyisbothadescriptionandparodyofJazzAgedecadence Analysis 2 Whatdoyouthink hedemandedimpetuously Aboutwhat Hewavedhishandtowardthebook shelves Aboutthat Asamatteroffactyouneedn tbothertoascertain Iascertained They rereal Thebooks Henodded Absolutelyreal havepagesandeverything Ithoughtthey dbeanicedurablecardboard Matteroffact they reabsolutelyreal Pagesand Here Lemmeshowyou Takingourscepticismforgranted herushedtothebookcasesandreturnedwithVolumeOneofthe StoddardLectures See hecriedtriumphantly It sabona fidepieceofprintedmatter Itfooledme Thisfella saregularBelasco It satriumph Whatthoroughness Whatrealism Knewwhentostop too didn tcutthepages Butwhatdoyouwant Whatdoyouexpect Hesnatchedthebookfrommeandreplacedithastilyonitsshelf mutteringthatifonebrickwasremovedthewholelibrarywasliabletocollapse 你觉得怎么样 他冒冒失失地问道 关于什么 他把手向书架一扬 关于那个 其实你也不必仔细看了 我已经仔细看过 它们都是真的 这些书吗 他点点头 绝对是真的 一页一页的 什么都有 我起先还以为大概是好看的空书壳子 事实上 它们绝对是真的 一页一页的什么 等等 我拿给你们瞧 他想当然地认为我们不相信 急忙跑到书橱前面 拿回来一本 斯托达德演说集 卷一 约翰 斯托达德 JohnStoddard 1850 1931 美国演说家 著有 演说集 十卷 瞧 他得意洋洋地嚷道 这是一本地地道道的印刷品 它真把我蒙住了 这家伙简直是个贝拉斯科 真是巧夺天工 多么一丝不苟 多么逼真 而且知道见好就收 并没裁开纸页 你还要怎样 你还指望什么 大卫 贝拉斯科 DavidBelasco 1850 1931 美国舞台监督 以布景逼真闻名 他从我手里把那本书一把夺走 急急忙忙把它放回书架的原处 一面叽咕着说什么假使一块砖头被挪开 整个图书室就有可能塌掉 TheLibraryOneofhisguestsissurprisedtofindthathisbooksarerealandnotjustemptycoversdesignedtocreatetheappearanceofagreatlibrary whichsuggeststhatmanyoftheinhabitantsofthewestandeastegguseanoutwardshowofwealthtocoveruptheirinnercorruptionandmoraldecay butGatsbyseemstousehisrichnesstomasksomethingentirelydifferentandperhapsmoreprofound Analysis 3 Hesmiledunderstandingly muchmorethanunderstandingly Itwasoneoft