六级长难句解析__免费下载.doc

1. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. (1990. 阅读. Text 1)【译文】由于据预计在自动化设备生产、维护及维修领域的大型企业将不断发展，或许自动化最终会实现就业率上升。【析句】复合句。主句是the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, 其后是since引导的原因状语从句。重点看从句，it is expected中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。2. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.(1990. 阅读. Text 1)【译文】工会发言人也强调说，由于自动化实现的生产扩大、成本降低所带来的利益，应该通过提高工资，增加休假时间，提高生活水平等形式与工人们分享。【析句】英语中抽象名词的使用十分广泛。主句union spokeman emphasize,emphasize后是that宾语从句。宾语从句的句子主干是the benefit of the increased production and lower costs should be shared by workers.,主语the benefit of the incresed production and lower costs包含多个抽象名词，使行文较为简练。3. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignment. (1990. 阅读. Text 1)【译文】要强调的是，因为该计划中的雇主在防止失业时有直接的财务利益，他会非常积极地去计划安装新的设备以尽最大可能减少工作和工作分派中遇到的问题。【析句】复合句。主句It is emphasized,it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。从句中，首先是since引导的原因状语从句，the employer has a direct financial interest in.,之后是主句he will have a strong drive for.so as to.，so as to作介词短语引导目的状语。4. Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are, who they are not, and who they would like to be. (1997. 阅读. 1. Text 3)【译文】一个人的着装为我们判断他是怎样的人，他不是怎样的人，以及他想成为怎样的人提供了线索，这在我们得出结论的过程中扮演重要角色。【析句】主句Clothes paly a critical part in the conclusions,we reach by providing clues to.作the conclusions的的宾语从句，省略了that或which，并且by providing.作方式状语。最后，在宾语从句中，providing clues to后有三个并列的who引导的宾语从句，作介词in的宾语5. Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases, it wont secure you the big promotion. (1997. 阅读. 1. Text 4)【译文】科尔曼得出的结论是，如今工作表现优异的人如此常见，以至于仅仅做好自己的工作只能帮你获得加薪，却无法保证得到大幅度的职位晋升。【析句】复合句。主句是Coleman concludes that宾语从句，重点在that宾语从句。宾语从句中，主句是excellent job performace is so common that it wont secure you the big promotion。宾语从句的主句中包含了so.that.结构，而that引导的句子it wont secure you.前，有while引导的表示转折关系的并列句。6. Most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think theyve gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down heir visibility. (1997. 阅读. 1. Text 4)【译文】多数女性职员和黑人职员十分担心别人会认为他们是依靠性别或肤色才表现突出，因此他们努力让自己变得不起眼。【析句】与例句2类似，例句3也使用了so.that.结构，不同的是，例句2中so之后只有一个that，并且that引导了两个并列句，而例句3中，so后有两个that引导的句子。第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that才与so搭配。7. It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus started because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart, and their children were becoming higher and narrower, with a decline of net weight from 12 to 10.5 ounces, without any reduction in price. (1997. 阅读. 6. Text 1)【译文】参议员哈特一家在购买盒装麦片时发现，包装盒变高了，变窄了，麦片的分量也减少了，然而价格却分文未降。据说，由此在公众和议会中引发了一场关于欺骗性商品包装的轩然大波。【析句】主句是固定句型It is said that.，意思是“据说”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。在主语从句中，the public and Congressional concern about.started是主句，主句后是because引导的原因状语从句。而原因状语从句中，谓语discovered后是that引导的宾语从句the boxes were becoming higher and narrower,consumed by him.children为过去分词作定语修饰the boxes of cereals。最后，with a decline of net weight.作伴随状语。8. A study of drugstore and supermarket shelves will convince any observer that all possible size and shapes of boxes, jars, bottles, and tins are in use at the same time and, as the package journals show, week by week, there is never any hesitation in introducing a new size, and shape of box or bottle when it aids in product differentiation. (1997. 阅读. 6. Text 1)【译文】一项关于药店和超市货架的研究结果会让每一位观察者相信，大小不同、形状各异的盒子、罐子、瓶子和锡盒都在使用。而且，正如包装杂志显示，只要有助于产品标新立异，每周生产商都会毫不犹豫地更新包装的尺寸和形状。【析句】例句2由and连接并列的两部分组成，各有一个主句和从句。第一部分的主句是A study of drugstore and supermarket shelves will convince any observer that., that引导宾语从句作convince的间接宾语。and后的第二部分的主句是there is never any hesitation in.,主句前as the package journals show作定语从句，主句后则是when引导的时间状语从句。9. The producers of packaged products argue strongly against changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavorably on the huge costs incurred by endless changes of package sizes, materials, shape, art work, and net weights that are used for improving a products market position.(1997. 阅读. 6. Text 1)【译文】包装商品的生产者强烈反对改变包装以减少商品重量和体积的说法，但是这一行业中却没有人反对这种言论：为了提高产品的市场地位，不断改变包装的尺寸、材料、形状、艺术造型和净重耗费了高额成本。【析句】句子的主干是The products of packaged products argue against changing sizes.,but no one comments unfavorablely on the huge costs.，but连接两个具有转折关系的并列句，前句是简单句，后句是复合句。在后句中，the huge costs后incurred by endless changes weights是过去分词作定语，而最后是that引导的定语从句修饰endless changes。10. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies. (1997. 阅读. 6. Text 2)【译文】在员工培训上投入的有限的资金更是仅仅集中用于培训员工将从事工作所需的专业技能，而不是培训有助于学习新技术的基础背景技能。【析句】复合句。主句是the limited investments are much more narrowly focused on the specific skills.rather than on the basic background skills.,主句中比较级结构和短语rather than搭配使用。the limited investments后that are made in training workers作定语从句，necessary to do the next job是形容词作定语修饰the specific skills,最后the basic background skills后还有一个定语从句。11、 More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. (1997. 阅读. 6. Text 2)【译文】设备安装完毕并以最大的生产能力运行前需要更多时间，并且，大范围的再培训的需要会增加成本，并成为限制新设备投用速度的瓶颈。【析句】复合句。句子主干由两个并列句组成，More time is required and the need.generates costsand creates bottlenecks. 其中，第一个句子包含时间状语从句before equipment is up and running at capacity，而and后，第二个句子含有两个并列的谓语动词generates and creates，最后that limit the speed作bottlenecks的定语从句，而the speed后也有which引导的定语从句修饰。12、 Whether the eyes are “the windows of the soul” is debatable, that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. (1997. 阅读. 6. Text 4)【译文】不论眼睛是“心灵的窗户”这句话是否有争议，眼睛在人际交流中起到了极为重要的作用，这却是事实。【析句】例句3由两个是转折关系的并列句组成，但省略了连接词but。第一句话，wether the eyes are.is debatable中，wether引导主语从句。同样，在后一句话中，that也引导主语从句。这样使得句子结构前后对称。1.Alcohol, hunger, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise-anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. (1998. 阅读. 1. Text 3)【译文】酒精，饥饿，说话太多，锻炼时时用口腔呼吸所有引起口腔干燥的行为都会引起口臭。【析句】例句1中，首先列举了四个引起口臭的例子，包括名词和动名词，破折号后是主句anything produces bad breath，而主句主语anything后that dries the mouth是定语从句修饰anything。13、Bottom retail prices-anywhere from 30% to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia-have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $79 billion in 1994. (1998. 阅读. 1. Text)【译文】美国商品的最低零售价比欧洲和亚洲任何国家低30%到70%吸引了约四千七百