(上课)阅读理解--推断题解题方法

TypesofReadingComprehension 推理判断型 事实细节型 词义猜测型 阅读命题类型 主旨大意型 2007 2012年高考英语阅读理解考点分布 Readingcomprehension 推断题 推断题分类 Classification Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat Wecanlearnfromthetextthat Thewritersuggeststhat Thestoryimplies indicatesthat Wecaninfer concludefromthepassagethat 题干中通常含有infer suggest imply conclude indicate 暗示 等标志性词语 Questionforms Thewriter sattitudetoward is Thewriterthought believedthat Questionforms Thewriter spurposeofwritingthispassageisto B Inwritingthepassage theauthorintendsto C Thewriterusestheexampleof toshowthat D Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto Questionforms Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom appear Thepassageismostlikelyapartof Whatislikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows Questionforms 技巧点拨1 推断隐含意义 针对细节推断 推理判断 1 注意原文中的虚拟语气和情态动词 往往流露作者的弦外之音 四注意 2 注意文中或选项的措辞 如形容词前用了too rather等 常表否定语气 3 注意某些过渡词 如 however but onthecontrary等 其后内容才是正确观点 4 注意原文的时态和选项的时态是否一致 2 推断过度的片面结论 是学生的主观臆断 不选 三不选 1 原文信息的简单重复 非推断结论 不选 3 符合考生已有常识 但文章没有信息支持 不选 1 通读全文 领会文章 文段主题思想 作者观点一般与文章主旨相关 技巧点拨 2 作者态度或观点题 2 注意作者文中措辞 尤其表达感情色彩的形容词 副词 动词及所举的例子 推断出作者的弦外之音 1 说明文中 作者的态度 objectiveneutral2 在议论文中 有 1 positive 2 negative 3 neutral 4 approval 5 disapproval 6 indifferent 7 ironic 8 critical 9 optimistic 10 pessimistic 11 cautious 12 admiring 客观的 消极的 漠不关心的 赞成的 不赞成的 乐观的 悲观的 积极的 讽刺的 批评的 中立的 谨慎的 崇拜的 中立的 1 把握文章主旨大意 对于推测写作目的有很大帮助 技巧点拨 3 推断写作目的 篇章结构 2 分析作者的论述方法 了解文章的结构 推断写作目的 Brainstorming Tointroducesth Tosellaproductorservice Toarractreaders attention Toattractreaderstopayforatriptosometouristattractions Tocallon Toresiststh Toamusereaders Toargueagainst andsupportone sownidea 1 了解文章的内容和结构 注意报纸类 广告类 产品说明类等文章的特点 作出准确判断2 后续内容的判断 应把握作者的写作思路 理清段与段之间的关系 注意事件的发展 根据因果或对比关系作出判断 尤其注意最后一段的内容 留意最后几句话 技巧点拨 4 推断文章出处和下续 Brainstorming Consolidation 1 Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall Diditsoundlikeaclock Ifso itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie Thusthebeetleiscalled thedeathwatchbeetle Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthesoundofthisbeetle A pleasedpeople B surprisedpeople C frightenedpeople D excitedpeople Practice1 2 Itisfuntoturnoverabigrockonthebeach Makesureyouturntherockbacktothepositionitwasinafteryoumovedit Ifyoudon tturnitbackover alltheseaanimalsunderitorclingingto 依附 theundersidewilldie Thepassageimpliesthatrocks hurtseaanimalsprotectseaanimalsC won tbefoundonbeachesD can tbefoundonbeaches Practice2 Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintotheapartment itwas A verycleanB justcleanedbythelandlordC tidyandcomfortableD dirtyandfullofinsects Onedayamanwalkedapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches 蟑螂 andtwospiders 蜘蛛 Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor theshopassistantwasverysurprised Well repliedtheman I mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit Practice3 5 Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph A Maryfeelspityforherself B Maryhasrecoveredfromherdisease C Marywantstohelpothersasmuchaspossible D Marydeterminestogobacktothedancefloor Althoughherdiseasehasaffectedhereyesightandforcedhertothesidelinesofthedancefloor sherefusestofallintoself pity Everybodyonearthcanask whyme aboutsomethingorother sheinsists Itdoesn tdoanygood Nooneisimmune 免疫的 toheartachepain anddisappointments Sometimeswecanmakethingsbetterbyhelpingothers I vecometorealizetheimportanceofthatasI vegrownupthissecondtime IwanttospeakoutandbeashelpfulasIcanbe 高考链接 2010湖南卷 4 Whatistheauthor sattitudetowardsthemoderntechnology A CriticalB Objective C Pessimistic D Negative Therewasatimewhensomepeople slivesweredevotedsimplytothecultivationofthelandorthecareofcattle Nomulti taskingthere theirliveswentonatamuchgentlerpace andinafamiliarpattern Thereismuchthatwemightenvyaboutawayoflifelikethis Yetbeforewedoso wemustthinkofthehardtasksourancestorsfaced theyfarmedwithbarehands oftenlivedclosetohunger andhadtofashiontoolsfromwoodandstone Modernmachineryhasfreedpeoplefromthatprimitiveexistence 高考链接 2010江西卷 6 Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto A testthereaders knowledgeaboutwavesB drawthereaders attentiontothetopicC showJamieTaylor simportanceD invitethereaderstoanswerthem Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave Orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburgh Thereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves hesaid 高考链接 2010湖南卷 7 Don twanderaimlesslythroughlife Getfocusedonyourgoals starthelpingothersinneed andlivelifetothefullest Lifeistooshorttobeanythingbuthappy Visitmybl