高中虚拟语气讲解[]ppt课件

Grammar theSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气 Wemetinthisroom DocometothemeetingnextFriday IfIwereyou Iwouldstudyhard 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气 英语动词有种语气 三 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式 verbstructure 用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实 fact 而只是一种假设 hypotheses 愿望 wishes 建议 suggestion 或怀疑 doubt 等等 ThedefinitionoftheSubjunctiveMood 虚拟语气的考点1 条件句中的虚拟语气的用法 2 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 3 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 4 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法 5 虚拟语气时态的判定 If从句 主句 did be用were had done did be用were wereto doshould do Would do should could might Would should could might do Would have done should could might 1 If引导的条件状语从句 1 Ifhehadhurried hecouldhavecaughtthetrain IfIweretogoabroad IwouldgotoAmerica IfIwonthelotterynow Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar 现在事实相反 过去事实相反 将来事实相反 Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance I himattheairport A wouldmeetB wouldhadmetC wouldhavemetD wouldhavemeet 高手过招 IwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI time A hadhadB havehadC hadD wouldhavehadIfit tomorrow Iwouldn tattendtheparty A rainB rainsC hadrainedD weretorain 注意 含有should的条件句 主句可以用一般现在时或一般将来时 例如 Ifthereshouldbeanotherflood whatshallwedo Askhertoleaveamessageifsheshouldcome 2 省略if的条件从句IfIweretomeethimtomorrow Ishouldaskhimaboutit Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime hewouldtryagain WereItomeethimtomorrow Shouldhefailintheexperiment 省略if的条件从句IfIhadfollowedyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadesuchfoolishmistakes HadIfollowedyouradvice 3 用介词短语代替条件状语从句 含蓄条件句butthat 要不是 without 没有 otherwise 否则 or 不然 under circumstances 在 的情况下 inthepast 在过去 相当于ifitweren t hadn tbeenfor e g Withoutair therewouldbenolivingthings Iwouldnothavesucceededbutforyourhelp Butforhishelp wewouldbeworkingnow Withoutyourinstruction Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress Wedidn tknowhistelephonenumber otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim 4 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致 混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间 这时主 从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同 这叫做混合条件句 e g Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday youwouldknowwhattodonow 从句与过去事实相反 主句与现在事实相反 Ifithadrainedlastnight 过去 itwouldbeverycoldtoday 现在 Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor sadvice hewouldbequiteallrightnow 2 名词性从句的虚拟语气 1 Wish引导的宾语从句与现在事实相反 过去时 were 与过去事实相反 had 过去分词与将来事实相反 would could might Ve g IwishIwereabird Iwishhehadn tdonethat do IwishIwouldberichinthefuture IwishI tohaveawordwithDannywhenhewasherelastweek hadbeenableshouldbeablehavebeenablewereable HowIwishI aswellasshe shallsingcansingcouldsingshouldsing 2 表示要求 命令 建议的虚拟语气 宾语从句中常见动词 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求 即1 insist2 order command3 advise suggest propose4 demand require request desire WesuggestedthatTomhavearest HeinsistedthatI should bepresent Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday Theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere Isuggestthatwe should holdameetingnextweek Heinsistedthathe should besentthere 注意 如果suggest insist不表示 建议 或 坚持要某人做某事 时 即它们用于其本意 暗示 表明 坚持认为 时 宾语从句用陈述语气 HispalefacesuggestedthathewasillTheboyinsistedthathewasright 1 Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody obey therules 2 Heinsistedthatshe be seriouslyillandthat send tohospitalsatonce obey was besent 3 在主语从句表语从句 同位语从句中的应用1 在suggestion proposal idea plan order advice等名词后面的表语从句 同位从句中要用虚拟语气 即 should 动词原形 demand 要求 desire 请求 requirment 要求 advice 劝告 recommendation 建议 suggestion 建议 order 命令 necessity 必要地 preference 优先 proposal 计划 plan 计划 idea 办法 recommendation以及plan idea resolution等 Thesuggestionthatthemayorpresenttheprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone Theadviceisthatwe should可省略 leaveatonce Myideaisthatwe should getmorepeopletoattendtheconference idea should get 表示做出主意 Imakeaproposalthatwe should holdameetingnextweek 2 在主语从句中Itisimportant necessary strange nature desiredthat that引导的从句中的谓语动词用should v Itisnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow Itisnaturalthatshebetakengoodcareof Itisimportantthatweshouldtakecareofthepatient 3 状语从句1 asif asthough引导的状语从句asif asthough 仿佛 好像 引起方式状语从句 a 一般过去时 表示与现在事实相反 b 过去完成时 表示与过去事实相反 c would do 表示与将来事实相反 Youlookasifyouhadseenaghost Helooksasifhewerehisfather Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears Heseemedasthoughhehadknowneverything Itlooksasifitwouldbethelastdayforhim Theytalkedandtalkedasiftheywouldnevermeetagain Note 如果句子表示的是陈述语气 事实则要用陈述语气e g Itlooksasifitisgoingtorainbecausetherearealotofdarkclouds 2 lest incase forfearthat引导的状语从句lest 以防 以免 incase 万一 以防 forfearthat 因恐 免得 引起的状语从句中 谓语动词要使用 should do的形式 Theoldwomanwalkedslowlylestshe should slip Hetookenoughmoneyforfearthatunexpectedthingsshouldhappen Hestartedoutearlierlestheshouldbelate 4 定语从句It s about high time 从句 表示 该做而未做的事 是一种婉转的建议 从句中的动词用一般过Itishightimewebegantowork We veenjoyedtheevening butit stimewewenthome It sabouttimetheboylearnedtobehavehimself 虚拟语气特殊句型 5 ifonly 现在 过去 未来 did were haddone woulddo IfonlyIknewhisname Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice IfonlyIcouldseehimagain 6 wouldratherthat 现在 过去 未来 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow Iwouldratheryouhadgone too Don tcome Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow did did haddone 1 Withoutsunlight orwaterorair there nolifeontheearth AwillhaveBwouldbeCcanbeDmustbe2Butforthesnow we earlier AwillarriveBwouldhavearrivedCarriveDarrived 1 Isitnecessarythathe theexamination A takesB hastotakeC musttakeD take2 Itisstrangethathe youthis A wouldtellB shouldtellC hadtoldD hastold D B 判断是否虚拟 2 判断虚拟类型 3 判断虚拟时间 Pass 虚拟语气应试对策 1 Ifhehadnotlosthismoney he thepianolastweek A wouldbuyB hadboughtC boughtD couldhavebought2 Ifweweretobe200yearsold we everything A willchangeB canchangeC couldchangeD changed Practise 3 Ifyou thatfilmlastnight youwouldnotbesosleepynow A didn tseeB haven tseenC wouldn tseenD hadn tseen 4 Youarelate Ifyou alittleminutesearlier you him A came wouldmeetB hadcome wouldhavemetC came wouldhavemetD weretocome wouldmeet 5 Butforthestorm we apleasantjourney A shouldhaveB havehadC wouldhaveD shouldhavehad6 todothework Ishoulddoitsomeotherday A IfwereIB IwereC WereID WasI 7 Withoutthecomputer theproblem insuchashorttime A couldn tbesolvedB wouldn thavesolvedC couldn thavebeensolved 8 Withoutelectricity humanlife quitedifferenttoday A willbeB weretobeC wouldbeD is 9 Youareveryselfish It shightimeyou youarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily A haverealizedB realizedC realizeD shouldrealize 10 IwishI longerthismorning butIhadtogetupandcometoclass A couldhavesleptB sleptC mighthavesleptD haveslept 11 Iadvisedthatyou thejobassoonaspossible AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish12Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay beraised AshouldBwouldCmustDcould 13 MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork thedoctorsuggestedthathe there A notwentB won tgoC notgoD nottogo 14 Theteacherdemandedthattheexam beforeeleven A mustfinishB wouldbefinishedC befinishedD mustbefinished15 Thecommanderorderedthatwe work A mustfinishB finishedC shouldfinishD couldfinish 16 Jane spalefacesuggestedthathe ill AbeBwasCshouldbeDis17 Heinsistshe right A wereB wasC beD is 18 Hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable A tryB triesC musttryD cantry 19Shemadethedemandthatthejournalists atonceforIraq A leaveB leavingC leftD tobeleft 20 Weareinfavorofyourproposalthatthemeeting A shouldbeputoffB wasputoffC shouldputoffD istoputoff 21 Ifhemyadvice hewouldn thavelosthisjob 2010 天津 A followedB shouldfollowC hadfollowedD woul