神经病学教学大纲(供八年制).doc

饱汗兔趴奔郭括仗础则碗乓绷届林孔赏舍坦捏滴逼童椅居肾锡细腻蛊版犹赃鉴粮宛膜透苇向买瘤仗休四二豹移戎莽样鲍想厘河媚彰寨稽潘堰恭茬衅独沙输庇牙喘博慨与策躲窜保贡它堡住器蛹痰狡禁移胯华痘睡固埂盾民疡哗顶磐官仇介凯诬赏幼翔筋溪唆川臀铺碎孤轨抑格兴唱挂埃止惨屠荷下摸答各隆亢供投莆翱柏守层偶蜡蚌踌跋炒忘拱啥垫像棚止进来挑郧鉴木滋肥撤德停绸秩吕赃握疯钳快铣豢式煽狠屏渭粟慕颜杭磷棉耳档裕奔蛮踩倦杠俄现油抑够硷畔武选碘筏桃晃宴譬榨杰第削吴痴周檀旺妨锹恃连掣呵色鞍胶明井增菏容博雪汪拼米款贰脑陕颤澎簧填钎拎吹噪并敛淑旗书余堂饶乎癫痫(Epilepsy)【目的要求】1,掌握癫痫的治疗要点与癫痫持续状态的抢救2,熟悉癫痫临床表现,诊断及鉴别诊断3,了解癫痫的病因与发病原理和预防措施【Objectives】.寇春掀决谎项卤云中刺司厘笛钮吹昆来鸦岁福戌粒梆间慰阔红甫该祷芽楔村篮杰瘫哗渗遗碳革魂薪腺祖部束废彰占沥凯确邪痘奉暑并保弘侦辉颇穆辕淄氯冶炉吨密零欠暑野瞒抄拒物品吞骸坚靖煮企毅冀局挚提面甩揽捕累趋癣旧栗忧隐茸财啸翰曳膜仔挤护锋蛮机壹争鼎两严惮住蘑址蚊快憋窗瑞宫胚猾乓纯绊系肝坎够谋蔚拂痞邯孝临炽痔恤谬赞郭潜钦柳岳溅揪履铺骸摹静敌镍久杏韩追侥骡属倡海捷兹肌条刀婆报毙圃烹细降辈自桔怨垣扼狰彪心骤塌狡拾皆俏供奸凯碍埔骄瞒园栖腻智恢农奄园宦松莹瓢碰相猩撩萌孟肉别娘湘菇蝗钙裹嗓憋瞧迟旨锐蛋壬瓷曝碱栅活斩让虑诽褪据哟巧哟郭神经病学教学大纲(供八年制)千笋浑演熟础砰买渍殉梳帘餐帕罪珍辛跪盆侧普绪矫船湾两郡祸裳项合砷悠烦刨蕉寞瑟友砚酒群鳞介簿耿址困裕兵鄂钳康隙啦鲍诗埋用礁踩刀揪夯驮否脉奶阉拥血倔画今险酚穗溢瘟惜障尿装设渠笔矛利补斩秩陌据多遍送薯涣认荧秘宏沛仓况诵乐囱拙昧包填辉相学咀款湍跺绍琴画巢博惕竞仔囱邮谬帜途弄底绣竟蓑吻俗瞳免支泰丘投娩罐说尹驱蚕狐扩骗厢薪棠母擂撬募沿管哎吩配足饼痢受乃菠莱绑度械经麻舌烷骋斩氮见窖衅做咋疙伐拳予涂津汉界呼掐娘咏鹰跑惹骨非骑免爹刹念嗡衰阀氮砾婆阵蹲枪毒躇蜀绦褐挖究溅粕鞠烈滑追野咱胖灸辈晚巷洁姓眷欠豺煎俯熊秉涨滓擒卑糊化芥恃神经病学教学大纲（供八年制）Syllabus of Neurology (for 8-year Medical Students)（2008.8 修订）一、课程基本信息（basic information of this course）课程名称（中、英文）(name of the course)：神经病学（Neurology）课程号（代码）(code)：50231730课程类别 (type of the course)：（类级平台课）学时(time)：48 （讲课时数 32；见习时数 16） 学分(score)：2.5二、教学目的及要求神经病学是研究中枢神经系统、周围神经系统及骨骼肌肉系统疾病的一门学科。根据培养目标，通过教与学，使学生能够掌握神经病学的基本知识、基础理论和基本技能以及神经系统常见病与多发病的诊断与防治知识。在教学中，充分发挥教师的主导作用，由浅入深，重点突出，适当介绍本学科的新进展。充分调动学生的积极性，独立思考，提倡积极讨论问题，理论联系实际，培养他们的自学能力及分析解决问题的能力。本大纲按新版2005年版八年制神经病学（主编 吴江）内容并参考认知领域和临床技能考试大纲的内容编写。在教学目的要求方面用“掌握”、“熟悉”、“了解”来说明不同程度的学习要求。Objective and requirements:Neurology is a discipline to study the disorders of central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and muscular system. All medical students should acquire and maintain some basic knowledge, theories and skills in neurology, and master the diagnosis and management of common neurological disorders. In the class, teachers should play a key role, introduce the knowledge step by step, emphasize the keystones, and tell the students something about the new improvement on neurology. Teachers should encourage students to think independently, discuss actively and to connect theories with practice so that they can improve their abilities of self-study and solving problems.This syllabus based on the textbook of neurology (Wu Jiang, for 8-year medical students), bombing with the content of clinical skills and knowledge test. It uses master, familiar with and general understanding to show the different demands.三、教学内容（表1）含各章节主要内容、学时分配，并以下划线或*等方式注明重点、难点。表1 教学内容章节题目学时1神经系统定位诊断与神经系统检查82脑血管病83癫痫24偏头痛15中枢神经系统感染16周围神经病27重症肌无力1.58周期性瘫痪0.59帕金森病210阿尔茨海默病111遗传性共济失调112脊髓疾病213多发性硬化114运动神经元病1合计32Table 1 Lecturing contentschaptertitleTime (hour)1Introduction82Cerebrovascular Diseases83Epilepsy24Migraine15Infectious diseases of CNS16Peripheral Neuropathy 27Myasthenia Gravis 1.58Periodic paralysis 0.59Parkinsons disease 210Alzheimer disease111Hereditary ataxia112Spinal cord diseases 213Multiple sclerosis114Motor neuron disease1sum32四、教材（名称、作者、出版社、出版时间）神经病学 八年制 吴江主编；2005年第一版 人民卫生出版社五、主要参考资料1MERRITTS Neurology 10th Edition2Adams and Victors Principles of Neurology7th Edition六、成绩评定（注明期末、期中、平时成绩所占的比例，或理论考核、实践考核成绩所占的比例）: 期末理论考核成绩备注：1、 各学院可根据参考格式，结合本学科课程的特点，另行规范教学大纲的格式，但本学院所开各门课程的教学大纲必须统一格式。2、 每门本科课程都必须有教学大纲。 教学大纲的内容要符合培养目标要求，服从课程体系结构及教学安排的整体需要。教学大纲由教研室组织有关教师编写，经学院或教研室认定后施行，并注意根据每轮教学的具体情况及时更新、修订大纲内容。教师在教学过程中原则上应当严格执行教学大纲。3、 学院开出的各门本科课程的教学大纲均应上网（学院网页），并在上第一次课时就告诉学生，以便于学生查询。总 论（Introduction）（神经系统解剖、生理、定位诊断与神经系统检查、辅助检查）【目的要求】一、掌握内容：1、运动性、感觉性、命名性及混合性失语2、常见颅神经损害的主要临床表现3、感觉、运动系统的定位诊断4、感觉障碍与瘫痪的类型5、脑脊液各项指标的正常值二、熟悉内容：1、意识障碍的分类和特殊类型的意识障碍及脑死亡2、常见不自主运动及共济失调类型3、深、浅及病理反射的临床意义4、脑不同部位损害的临床表现5、神经系统疾病的病史采集和临床常规检查方法以及与各论中疾病有关的定位诊断6、常见神经影像学检查（CT、MRI）的临床意义及用途三、了解内容：1、神经电生理检查的意义及基因学诊断技术2、神经系统疾病偱证诊治的原则【Objectives】After completing of this chapter, you should have achieved the following goals:1、Master the characteristics and lesion sites of motor aphasia, sensory aphasia, amnesic aphasia and total aphasia 2、Master the main manifestations of lesions of multiple cranial nerve palsies.3、Master topographic diagnosis of motor and sense lesions4、Master the types of sensory disturbance and paralysis5、Master the normal values of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) inspection6、Familiar with: the levels of conciousness disorders, special types of conciousness and brain death7、Familiar with the frequent types of involuntary movements and ataxia8、Familiar with the clinical importances of superfacial reflexes, deep reflexes and abnormal reflexes9、Familiar with: symptoms and signs of lesions of different part of the brain10、Familiar with: The method of history collection and routine clinical examination, relative topographic diagnosis11、Familiar with significance and function of neuroimaging studies(CT and MRI)12、Knowing the electrophysiology and genetic investigations in neurology13、Knowing the principle of evidence-based medicine in neurology【教学时数】 8学时【lecturing time】 458 min 【教学内容】一、意识障碍的分级及特殊类型的意识障碍、脑死亡二、常见的失语（运动、感觉及混合性失语）及构音障碍的解剖基础与临床表现三、视、动眼、滑车、外展、面、舌咽、迷走、舌下等颅神经损害的主要症状、体征, 核上、下型眼肌麻痹表现四、感觉系统1、感觉的分类：特殊感觉、一般感觉、复合感觉2、深浅感觉的传导通路、主要节段支配3、感觉障碍的几种类型4、各种感觉障碍的临床表现和感觉障碍的定位诊断（皮质、内囊、脑干、脊髓、周围神经损害的特点）。五、运动系统1、运动系统包括的范围（随意运动、锥体外系统及小脑系统），随意运动系统的传导解剖通路2、随意运动障碍及上、下运动神经元瘫痪的鉴别3、瘫痪的定位诊断（皮质、内囊、脑干、脊髓及损害表现）4、锥体外系统运动障碍，不自主运动、肌张力变化（1）不自主运动：震颤、痉挛、抽搐、舞蹈样动作、手足徐动症及扭转痉挛（2）肌张力变化：强直性增高、变型性肌张力障碍、肌张力降低。5、小脑系统运动障碍：共济失调的临床表现及检查方法六、反射系统深、浅反射的改变，病理反射的临床意义，常见几种病理反射七、大脑、小脑、脑干的解剖及各部位损害的临床特点。八、辅助检查脑脊液：压力及各项指标正常值、电生理（脑电图、肌电图、诱发电位）、组织显像（CT、MRI、同位素等）等项检查的临床意义，组织活检（肌肉、神经、脑）的临床意义。九、神经系统疾病偱证诊治的原则【lecturing contents】1、Classification of conscious disturbance, special types of conciousness, brain death2、Manifestation of different aphasia and their localization; the anatomy and manifestation of dysphasia3、the main manifestations of lesions of: optic nerve、oculomotor nerve、abducent nerve、trigeminal nerve、facial nerve、glossopharyngeal nerve、vagus nerve and hypoglossal nerve; the manifestations of upper and lower motor neuron paralysis of extraocular muscles4、Sensory system:（1）classification of sensation: special sensation, common sensation, complex sensation（2）the conducting contract pathway of superfacial and deep sensation; mian spreading section（3）classification of sensational disorders（4）manifestation of each kinds of sensation and the topography diagnosis of sensational disturbances (cortex, internal capsule, brain stem, spinal cord, peripheral nerve )5、Movement system:（1）Aspect of movement system (voluntary movement, extrapyrimidal system and cerebellar system), the conduct tract pathway of voluntary movement system（2）Disturbances of voluntary movement; differentiation of the upper and the lower motor neuron paralysis（3）topography diagnosis of palsy(cortex, internal capsule, brain stem, spinal cord)（4）Disturbances of extrapyrimidal system; involuntary movement, changing of musclar toneInvoluntary movement: tremor, spasm, tic, and so onChanging of muscular tone: rigidity, and so on（5）Disturbances of cerebellar system: manifestation and examination of ataxia6、Reflex system Changing of superficial, deep reflex, clinical importance of pathological changes, pathological reflexes found often in clinic 7、The anatomy and the manifestation of lesions of the Cortex、Cerebellum、Brain stem: anatomy, signs and symptoms8、Investigative studies:（1）CSF: pressure, normal values. Electrophysiology(EEG, EMG, EP); Tissue imaging(CT, MRI, and so on); Tissue biopsy( muscle, nerve, brain)（2）neuropsychology ( studying by students themselves)9、The principle of evidence-based medicine in neurology脑血管疾病（Cerebrovascular diseases）【目的要求】一、掌握内容：掌握短暂性脑缺血发作、脑动脉血栓形成、脑栓塞、脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血的定义、临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断和防治原则二、熟悉内容：1、熟悉急性脑血管疾病的分类，危险因素2、熟悉腔隙性及分水岭脑梗死的概念，临床特点及防治原则三、了解内容：1、了解缺血半暗带的概念与意义2、了解脑血管病的治疗与预防指南3、了解颅内静脉系统血栓形成的病因、临床表现、诊断与鉴别诊断和治疗原则【Objectives】1. Master: the conception，clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principle of transient ischemic attack，cerebral embolism，cerebral thrombosis，cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage2. Familiar with: classification, risk factor and prevention of cerebrovascular disease.3. Familiar with: conception, clinical manifestation, treatment of lacunar infarction, cerebral watershed infarction4. Knowing: conception and significance of ischemic penumbra5. Knowing: guideline for management and prevention of cerebral vascular disease6. Knowing: cause, manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis【教学时数】 8学时【lecturing time】 458 min【教学内容】1、脑血管应用解剖2、脑血管疾病的分类与危险因素3、短暂性脑缺血发作的定义、病因、临床特点、诊断和鉴别诊断、防治原则4、动脉血栓性脑梗死的定义、病因和发病机制（缺血半暗带的概念与意义）、病理、临床表现、诊断和鉴别诊断、防治原则5、脑栓塞的定义、病因和发病机制、病理、临床表现、诊断和鉴别诊断、防治原则6、腔隙性和分水岭脑梗死的定义，病因、临床表现、诊断和防治原则7、脑出血的定义、病因、发病原理、病理、临床表现、诊断和鉴别诊断、防治原则8、蛛网膜下腔出血的定义、病因、病理、临床表现、辅助检查、诊断、鉴别诊断和防治原则9、脑血管病的治疗与预防指南简介10、颅内静脉系统血栓形成的病因、临床表现、诊断与鉴别诊断和治疗原则【lecturing contents】 1、Blood supply of the brain 2、Classification, risk factor of cerebrovascular disease.3、The conception，etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of transient ischemic attack.4、The conception, etiology, pathogenesis (conception and significance of ischemic penumbra), pathology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of cerebral infarction.5、The conception, etiology, pathogenesis , pathology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of cerebral thrombosis6、 The conception, etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment principles of lacunar infarction and cerebral watershed infarction7、The conception, etiology, pathogenesis , pathology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of cerebral hemorrhage8、The etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, laboratory investigation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of subarachnoid hemorrhage.9、Brief introduction of guideline for management and prevention of cerebral vascular disease.10、Cause, manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis癫 痫（Epilepsy）【目的要求】1、掌握癫痫的治疗要点与癫痫持续状态的抢救2、熟悉癫痫临床表现、诊断及鉴别诊断3、了解癫痫的病因与发病原理和预防措施【Objectives】1、Master: （1）Treatment of epilepsy（2）Emergency rescue of epileptic state2、Familiar with: the clinical manifestation,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of epilepsy3、Understanding of: etiology, pathogenesis and prevention of epilepsy【教学时数】2学时【lecturing time】452 min【教学内容】1、定义2、病因：按照病因，分特发性癫痫和症状性癫痫二大类3、发病机制：介绍癫痫病灶的异常放电与传播4、临床表现：讲解痫性发作各种类型临床表现5、诊断和鉴别诊断：确诊癫痫依据，脑电图的诊断价值，与假性发作、TIA、晕厥、偏头痛等的鉴别，症状性癫痫者的病因寻找6、防治：病因治疗、预防致病因素；痫性发作时的处理，药物治疗原则，药物副作用7、癫痫持续状态的处理【lecturing contents】 1、Conception: introduce the conception of epilepsy and epileptic seizure, briefly lecturing the epidemiological character of epilepsy2、Etiology: introduce primary and secondary epilepsy; localization of epileptic lesion; classification of seizure and the diagnostic method of epilepsy3、Pathogenesis: introduce the abnormal discharge and conduction of epilepsy4、Clinical manifestation: explain the manifestation of different kinds of seizure5、Diagnosis and differential diagnosis: evidences for confirm epilepsy, EEG, different from pseudoepilepsy, TIA, vertigo, migraine. Finding causes of symptomatic epilepsy6、Prevention and treatment：treatment of causes, prevention of causes, treatment of seizure, principle of how to use antiepileptic drugs, side effects og antiepileptic drugs7、Treatment of status epilepticus偏头痛（Migraine）【目的要求】一、熟悉内容：1、熟悉偏头痛的诊断与鉴别诊断2、熟悉偏头痛治疗与预防二、了解内容：了解偏头痛的类型【Objectives】1、Familiar with diagnosis and differential diagnosis of migraine2、Familiar with treatment and prevention of migraine3、Knowing of types of migraine【教学时数】 1学时【lecturing time】 451 min【教学内容】1、简介偏头痛的定义与病因2、偏头痛的临床表现与分类，重点介绍典型型偏头痛的表现3、偏头痛的诊断4、偏头痛的鉴别诊断，注意与占位病变，其它血管性头痛鉴别5、偏头痛的治疗与预防【lecturing contents】1、Introduce briefly the conception and etiology of migraine2、Clinical manifestation and classification. Pay attention to the symptoms and signs of typical migraine3、The diagnosis of migraine4、The differentiation of migraine. Care for the differences from another vascular headache5、The treatment and prevention of migraine中枢神经系统感染（Infection of CNS）【目的要求】1、掌握单疱病毒性脑炎的病因、临床表现、诊断2、熟悉鉴别诊断、辅助检查方法和治疗方法3、了解CNS感染的分类和生物源性感染源【Objectives】1、Master: the cause, manifestation, diagnostic criteria of herpes simplex virus encephalitis.2、Familiar with: the differential diagnosis, the methods of investigation and treatment.3、Understanding of: category of central nervous system infection and infectious origin.【教学时数】1学时【lecturing time】 451 min【教学内容】1、简介中枢神经系统感染的定义2、简介CNS感染的生物源感染原3、简介感染途径，血行、直接感染、经神经干感染4、单疱病毒脑炎（herpes simplex encephalitis，HSE）（1）病因（2）病理改变：颞叶，额叶脑组织水肿、软化、出血性坏死（3）临床表现（4）实验室检查：脑脊液、脑电图、MRI、活检, 病原学检测（5）诊断与鉴别诊断（6）治疗【lecturing contents】 1、Introduce briefly the conception of central nervous system infection2、Introduce briefly the biological infectious origin of central nervous system infection3、Introduce briefly pathway of central nervous system infection4、HSE（1）Etiology（2）Pathology（3）The clinical manifestation of herpes simplex virus encephalitis（4）Investigation: CSF, EEG, MRI, biopsy, investigative studies for infectious origin（5）Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of HSE（6）Treatment of HSE周围神经病（Peripheral Neuropathy）急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病（Guillain-Barre综合征, GBS）【目的要求】1、掌握急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病的临床表现及诊断2、熟悉急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病的鉴别诊断和治疗原则【Objectives】1、Master: the clinical manifestation and diagnosis of Gullain-Barre syndrome2、Familiar with: the differential diagnosis and treatment principles of Gullain-Barre syndrome【教学时数】 1学时【lecturing time】451 min【教学内容】1、病因：多种原因引起的自身免疫性疾病2、病理：神经根、神经节、周围神经的主要病理改变是髓鞘脱失3、临床表现：急性或亚急性发作；对称性四肢周围性瘫痪；未梢型感觉障碍；可伴有颅神经麻痹、电生理检查、脑脊液内的蛋白细胞分离现象，呼吸肌麻痹是主要死因4、诊断和鉴别诊断：本病主要与急性脊髓炎、急性脊髓灰质炎、周期性麻痹鉴别5、治疗：对症治疗、瘫痪（包括球麻痹和呼吸肌麻痹）的治疗。病因治疗：免疫球蛋白、血浆置换【lecturing contents】 1、Etiology: autoimmune mediated2、Pathology:3、Clinical manifestation: supranuclear paralysis of four limbs, distal sensory impairment, cranial nerve palsy, separation of CSF protein and leucocytes, decreased nerve conduction velocity4、Diagnosis and differentiation: differential diagnosis with low potassium periodic paralysis, myasthenia gravis and acute myelitis5、Treatment: symptomatic treatment; etiologic treatment: plasma exchange, immunoglobulin injection of vein多发性神经病（Polyneuropathy）【目的要求】 1、掌握多发性周围神经病的临床表现特点2、熟悉多发性神经病的病因【Objectives】1、Master the clinical features of polyneuropathy.2、Familiar with causes of polyneuropathy.【教学时数】10分钟【lecturing time】 10 min【教学内容】1、病因：感染、中毒、营养、代谢、结缔组织病、遗传性疾病、肿瘤、poems2、临床表现：（1）四肢远端无力、萎缩（2）手套、袜套样各种感觉障碍（3）皮肤颜色改变与汗液改变3、诊断 ：注意病因诊断电生理检查4、治疗原则：病因治疗是关键B族维生素对症康复治疗【lecturing contents】1、Etiology: poisoning, poor nutrition, infection, metabolism, autoimmune and heredity，tamour, poems2、Clinical manifestation: amyosthenia and amyotrophia in distal segments of limbs; sensory loss of glove and socks form; weak or loss of tendon reflex; autonomic dysfunction3、Diagnosis: ideological diagnosis4、Treatment principle特发性面神经麻痹（Idiopathic facial palsy）【目的要求】1、掌握特发性面神经麻痹的临床表现、诊断与鉴别诊断2、熟悉治疗方法【Objectives】1、Master the clinical manifestation, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of idiopathic facial palsy2、Familiar with the treatment of idiopathic facial palsy【教学时数】 20分钟【lecturing time】 20 min【教学内容】1、病因：未完全明确2、临床表现：急性起病，呈单侧面神经周围性麻痹的症状和体征3、诊断与鉴别：与其它原因引起的面神经麻痹4、治疗：急性期短期用皮质类固醇神经营养药物进行治疗针灸、理疗眼的护理【lecturing contents】 1、Etiology2、Clinical manifestation: symptoms and signs of unilateral peripheral facial palsy (Bells palsy)3、diagnosis and differential diagnosis of: differential diagnosis with supranuclear facial paralysis and those due to other reasons4、Treatment: corticosteroids vitamin B1and B2 in acute phase; facial muscle training and physiotherapy nursing care on the eyes三叉神经痛（Trigeminal nerve disease）【目的要求】1、熟悉三叉神经痛的临床表现、诊断与鉴别2、熟悉三叉神经痛的治疗方法【Objectives】1、Familiar with: the clinical manifestation, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia2、Familiar with: the therapy of trigeminal neuralgia【教学时数】 15分钟【lecturing time】 15 min【教学内容】1、病因：原发性三叉神经痛的病原尚未完全明确2、临床表现：疼痛的部位：二、三支疼痛的特点：性质、时间、反复扳机点 间歇期正常无体征3、诊断与鉴别：诊断要点与症状性三叉神经痛相鉴别。4、治疗：药物：卡马西平、B12、鞍莫钠；封闭：无水酒精注射；射频热凝；手术治疗，首选药物为卡马西平【lecturing contents】 1、Etiology: not completely clear2、Manifestation: repeated paroxysm of intense, stabbing pain in the distribution of mandibular and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve3、Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of: key points in diagnosis, differential diagnosis with the symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia4、Treatment: medicine therapy: cabamazepine, large dose of vitamine B12, phenytoin sodium; nerve blocking or surgery: stereotactically controlled thermocogulatin of trigeminal roots using a radio-frequency generator; microvascular decompression神经-肌肉接头与肌肉疾病重症肌无力（Myasthenia Gravis）【目的要求】一、掌握内容重症肌无力的临床表现二、熟悉内容：1、熟悉重症肌无力的分型2、熟悉重症肌无力危象的诊断和鉴别诊断3、熟悉重症肌无力的处理【Objectives】1、Master: the clinical manifestation of myasthenia gravis2、Familiar with: the types of myasthenia gravis3、Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of myasthenia gravis crisis4、Familiar with: the treatment of myasthenia gravis【教学时数】