上海版(沪版)牛津各单元知识点梳理及练习8B---unit-6

牛津版本 8B Unit 6. Words.IWords单词1. abroad adv. 往国外；海外 e.g. Mary goes abroad for her holidays every year. 玛丽每年都出国旅行。 My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. 我弟弟以前从未出过国，所以他觉得这次旅行十分令人兴奋。【知识拓展】 近义：overseas adv. 海外e.g. He usually goes overseas to work for a long time every year. 他每年常常去海外工作很长时间。2. defeat v. 击败；战胜e.g. Spain defeated Netherlands and won first-ever World Cup on July 12, 2010. 在2010年7月12日，西班牙队战胜荷兰队首次获得世界杯。【指点迷津:defeat, beat 与 win】beat/defeat战败（对手），后接竞争对手e.g. beat the competitor/the country/the team打败对手国家那个队 win赢，获胜 后接事、物（作“赢得”解时，宾语不能接人）。e.g. Li Hong won the first prize in the drawing contest. 在画画比赛中，李红赢得第一名。3. channel n. (1) 航道；海峡e.g. The English Channel is between France and England. 英吉利海峡在英国和法国之间。(2)（电视的）频道e.g. There will be a new TV series on show from today on Channel Young. 从今晚起，生活时尚频道将播放新的电视连续剧。4. wine n. 葡萄酒e.g. The red wine in France is very famous. 法国的红葡萄酒是很有名的。5. region n. 区域；地方e.g. Few people live in the cold regions of the world. 世界上很少有人居住在寒冷地带。【知识拓展】 regional adj. 地区的；区域性的e.g. the regional wines of France法国各地出产的葡萄酒6. agricultoral adj. 农业的，农艺的e.g. The centre of France is a big agricultural region. 法国的中心地带是一大片农业区。 There is not much agricultural land in Shanghai now. 上海现在的耕地不多。【知识拓展】 agriculture n. 农业e.g. The agriculture of China has made a great progress. 中国的农业已经取得很大的进步。7. crop n. 农作物；庄稼 e.g. treat the crops with fertilizer给农作物施肥8. world-famous adj. 举世闻名的 e.g. The Great Wall in China is world-famous. 中国的长城是举世闻名的。9. castle n. 城堡 e.g. The king built many castles to control the country. 国王建造了很多城堡以控制国家。10. capital n. 首都 e.g. London, Paris and Rome are capital cities. 伦敦、巴黎、罗马都是国都。 11. destination n. 目的地 e.g. -Whats the destination of that minibus? 那班小巴的终点站是哪里？ - Xiaojiahe. 肖家河。 London was our final destination. 伦敦是我们的最终目的地。12. landmark n. 地标 e.g. The Empire State Building is a famous landmark on the New York skyline. 帝国大厦是纽约高楼大厦中著名的地面标志物。 Big Ben is one of the landmarks on Londons skyline. 大本钟是伦敦的一个标志物。13. attraction n. 名胜，吸引人的事物 e.g. Shanghai is known as the shopping paradise. It has got the same attractions as Hong Kong. 上海被誉为购物天堂。它和香港具有同样的诱人之处。 London has many attractions, such as Big Ben and Buckingham Palace. 伦敦有许多名胜，例如大本钟和白金汉宫。【知识拓展】 attract v. 吸引e.g. The light attracted a lot of insects. 亮光招引了很多昆虫。14. tree-lined adj. 绿树成行的；绿树成荫的 e.g. Its very comfortable to walk in the tree-lined street. 在绿树成荫的街道上散步是很惬意的。15. excellent adj. 极好的；优秀的 e.g. Alice is an excellent student in my class. 爱丽斯是我们班的优秀生。16. enable v. 使能够，授予权力或方法 e.g. The computer enables us to calculate much faster than before. 计算机使得我们能够比以前算得快得多。17. influence n. 影响，感化，势力 e.g. Charlie Chaplin had a big influence on films. 查理卓别林对电影产生过巨大的影响。18. culture n. 文化（艺术、音乐、文学等的统称） e.g. The culture in France is very different from China. 法国的文化跟中国的有很大的不同。19. throughout prep. 各处，遍及 e.g. The wires are throughout every corner of the house. 电线遍及房间的每一个角落。. Daily expressions. 日常表达1. now that既然，由于（众所周知的原因） e.g. Now that the children have left home, we can move to a smaller house. 既然孩子们都已经离开家了，我们也可以搬到一套小一点的房子去了。2. think about doing sth. 考虑做某事 e.g. Im thinking about playing tennis this afternoon. 我正在考虑今天下午打网球。 Why dont you think about going to the USA for your holidays? 你为什么不考虑一下到美国去度假呢？【友情提示】think about可以用think of来代替。3. go abroad到国外去 e.g. Nowadays, many young students choose to go abroad for their further studies. 现今很多青年学生选择去国外继续深造。【知识拓展】 go aboard上船（车、飞机）e.g. He went aboard hurriedly and left his bag on the bench. 他匆匆忙忙地上了船，把包忘在长凳上了。4. spread ones wings起飞；旅行得更远更广e.g. You should visit more interesting places to spread your wings in your spare time.你应该在业余时间多去更多有趣的地方去旅行。5. such as例如，诸如 e. g. I need a reference book such as a dictionary. 我需要一本参考书，诸如字典之类的。 Fatty foods such as French fries are bad for your health. 像薯条这样的高脂食品对你的健康有害。6. used to do sth. 过去常常做指点迷津：used to do sth. , be used to do sth. 与be used to doing sth这三个结构非常容易混淆。(1) used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事，而现在这件事情可能已经不再继续了。e.g. My father used to smoke a lot until the doctor told him there was a lung problem with him. 我爸爸过去吸烟很厉害，直到医生告诉他，他的肺部出了问题。(2) be used to do sth. 是被动语态，表示“被用来做什么”的意思。e.g. Plastic can be used to make all kinds of things. 塑料可以被用来制成各种各样的东西。(3) be used to doing sth. 表示“习惯于，适应于”的意思。e.g.The Smiths are used to living in Shanghai now. 史密斯一家已经习惯住在上海了。7. the same as 与一样e.g. He is the same age as his sister because they are twins. 他与他姐姐同岁，因为他们是双胞胎。 The shirt is the same size as that one. 这件衬衣的尺寸与那件是一样的。8. enable sb. to do sth. 使某人有能力做e.g. A birds wings enable it to fly. 鸟的翅膀使鸟能飞。 This dictionary enables you to understand English words. 这本词典使你能理解英语词汇。9. in some ways在某些方面e.g. Shanghai looks like Hong Kong in some ways. 上海在某些方面看起来像香港。【知识拓展】 in some (many) ways在一些（许多）方面 by the way顺便问一下 on the way在路上in the way 挡道，妨碍人的e.g. Peter is like his father in some ways. 彼得在某些方面像他的父亲。 On the way to hospital, I saw your father waiting at the bus stop. 我在去医院的路上，看见你的父亲正在公交站等车。 By the way, could you please tell me if you are free tonight? 顺便问一下，你能告诉我今天晚上你有空吗？ Seeing a dog in the way, the little girl was frightened. 看见一只狗挡着道，这个小女孩害怕了。10. go on to do sth. 继续去做（另一件事）e.g. After he finished his homework, he went on to read China Daily. 他完成作业后，接着读英文版中国日报。【知识拓展】 go on doing something继续做某事（与原来相同的事）e.g. He relaxed for a while and went on writing the report. （注意：继续做同一件事）他休息了一下后继续写报告。【随堂小练】I.Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.1.(France) and German are widely used in Europe.2. My parents and I plan to go abroad for the winter (holiday).3. These ways will(able) you to study Chinese well in the future.4. Children like to go the Disney Park in Hong Kong because it offers many of the same (attract) as the one in Japan.5. Thousands of(tour) come to Shanghai to visit the Expo this month.6. In the past, Jiangsu was an important (agriculture) region in China.II.Choose the right word to complete the sentence.1. Sue was born(in /at) London, but she didnt grow up there.2. Do you know which country is the leader(to /in) industry(工业)?3.(On /In) some ways, this book was useful when I studied at university.4. Paris is a wonderful place to go(for / on) a holiday.【keys】I.1.French 2. holidays 3. enable 4. attractions 5. tourists 6. agricultural .1.in 2. in 3. In 4. for Step 4: Important Sentences structures.1. This year, why not spread your wings and visit France? why not +do sth.表示提出建议 e.g. Why not go for a picnic on Sunday? 星期天为什么不去野餐呢？ Why not take part in the reading contest? 为何不参加朗读比赛？ Why not go travelling? 为什么不去旅游啊？ Why not do something? =Why dont/wont/didnt you do something?【知识拓展】 类似表示建议的句型还有：What about How about Shall wee.g. What about/How about going swimming with me tomorrow? 明天和我去游泳怎么样？ Shall we go to the Summer Palace? 我们去颐和园怎么样？2. The centre of France is a big, agricultural region, growing crops such as wheat and sunflowers. 分词短语growing表示伴随状语。 e.g. He told me what he saw, pointing to the box. 他指着盒子告诉我，他看见了什么。3. With its world-famous landmarks such as the Eiffel Tower and the Arc de Triomphe and its wide, tree-lined streets, Paris is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 介词结构with用于表示伴随状语。 e.g. He came into the room with a smile on his face. 他脸上带着微笑走进房间。 He hurried off with a plane ticket in his hand. 他手里攥着张飞机票匆忙走了。4. It offers many of the same attractions as the Disney parks in the USA. as在这里为介词，意为“像”。 e.g. As a regular worker, students started operating the machine. 像个普通工人一样，学生们开始操作这台机器。【知识拓展】 as作为介词，还可意为“作为”。e.g. Im speaking as your employer. 我以雇主的身份和你说话。5. It is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world.one of 最之一（程度最高要用最高级表示，可数名词要用复数表示）。e.g. Shanghai is one of the most famous cities. 上海是最著名的城市之一。 Einstein was one of the greatest scientists in the world. 爱因斯坦是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。6. If you are taking your children with you, (1) with表示和一起。e.g. Is there anyone with you or are you alone? 是你一个人还是你与其他人在一起？表示有，携带。 e.g. He was talking to a woman with a large basket. 他与一位拎着一只大篮子的妇女在谈话。表示用（工具）。e.g. We see with our eyes, and hear with our ears. 我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听。表示填、塞等所用的东西或材料等。e.g. The summit of the mountain was covered with snow. 山顶上覆盖着积雪。(2)if是引导状语从句的从属连接词，表示假设条件，从句用一般现在时表示还未发生的动作和事。e.g. If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里